(Pleistocene birds of the Palearctic)

Pleistocene birds of the Palearctic

Part 2
New Sites (322)

Algeria (2)
Austria (15)
Belgium (1)
Bulgaria (12)
China (12)
Czechia (2)
Egypt (7)
France (28)
Germany (13)
Georgia (1)
Greece (3)
Hungary (1)
Iraq (1)
Israel (12)
Italy (45)
Japan (6)
Jordania (1)
Libya (2)
Malta (2)
Moldova (2)
Montenegro (1)
Morocco (2)
Netherlands (2)
Norway (3)
Outer Mongolia (7)
Poland (8)
Portugal (4)
Russia (42)
Serbia (2)
Slovakia (3)
Slovenia (5)
South Korea (1)
Spain (56)
Sweden (1)
Switzerland (2)
Syria (1)
Tadzhikistan (1)
Turkey (4)
Turkmenistan (2)
Ukraine (1)
United Kingdom (6)

New Sites

ALGERIA

AL 5 Wadi Seguen (Constantine)

Type: o
Alt: 600
Sources: Thomas 1884
Date: LP?
Fauna: cf Struthio sp.

AL 6 Wadi Djelfa (Constantine)

Type: o
Alt: 1100
Sources: Thomas 1884
Date: LP?
Fauna: cf Struthio sp.

AUSTRIA

AU 28 Gamssulzenhöhle (Oberrösterreich)

Alt: 1300
Type: c
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997 (Frank et al. 1995)
Date: LP ca 25-38 KA BP
Fauna: Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Gallinula chloropus, Gallinago media, Corvidae, Turdidae
Det: Mlíkovský
Stored: Inst. Paläont. Univ. Wien

AU 29 Griffener Tropfsteinhöhle (Kärnten)

Alt: 484
Type: c
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997 (Thenius 1960)
Date: LP
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Stored: Kärntner Landesmuseum, Klagenfurt
Notes: A. k. a. Tropfsteinhöhle des Schlossberges bei Griffen

AU 30 Grosse Peggauerwandhöhle (Steiermark)

Alt: 510
Type: c
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Layer: 18-20
Date: LP Mid-Würmian 14C=31,800+5,600-3,300 BP (layer 18), 42,400±1,500 BP (layer 20)
Fauna: Coturnix coturnix, Gallinula chloropus, Corvidae
Layer: 7-10, 12, 14, 15
Date: LP Mid-Würmian 14C=32,570±380 BP (layer 7b), 37,400+1,800-1,500 BP (l. 10), 22,600+4,500-1,900 BP (l. 14-15)
Fauna: Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao urogallus
Det: Mlíkovský
Stored: Inst. Paläont. Univ. Wien, Landesmuseum Joanneum, Naturhist. Mus. Wien
Notes: A. k. a. Peggauer Höhle, Grosse Peggauer Felsenhöhle

AU 31 Kamegg (Niederösterreich)

Alt: 274
Type: o
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Date: LP Late Würm, Magdalenien, 14C=14,130±110, 13,840±120 BP
Fauna: Lagopus sp.
Stored: Höbarth-Museum in Horn

AU 32 Kleine Peggauerwandhöhle (Steiermark)

Type: c
Alt: 511
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Layer: 7
Date: LP Mid-Wurmian? 14C > 27,200 BP
Fauna: Lagopus sp., Corvus corax
Det: Mlíkovský
Stored: Inst. Paläont. Univ. Wien
Notes: A. k. a. Peggauer-Wandhöhle III, Kleine Peggauer Höhle

AU 33 Köhlerwandhöhle (Niederösterreich)

Type: c
Alt: 591
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Date: LP U/Th = 18±6 KA BP
Fauna: Pica pica
Stored: Inst. Paläont. Univ. Wien, Nat. Hist. Mus. Wien
Notes: A. k. a. Nixhöhle, Nixlucke

AU 34 Langmannersdorf (Niederösterreich)

Type: o
Alt: 205
Sources: (Angeli 1953), Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Date: LP Late Aurignacien 14C=20,580±170, 20,260±200 BP
Fauna: Aquila sp.
Det: Hauck, Sieber & Thenius
Stored: Nat. Hist. Mus. Wien

AU 35 Lettenmayerhöhle (Oberösterreich)

Type: c
Alt: 380
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Date: LP ”Jungwürm”
Fauna: Turdus iliacus
Det: Rabeder
Stored: Nat. Hist. Mus. Wien

AU 36 Lurgrotte (Steiermark)

Type: c
Alt: 419
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997, Mottl 1975 (Fladerer 1994)
Layer: Graue Schicht
Date: LP
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Mottl
Stored: Landesmuseum Joanneum, Landesverein für Höhlenkunde in der Steiermark

AU 37 Marchegg (Niederösterreich)

Type: o
Alt: 143
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997, (Rabeder 1992)
Date: LP UP?
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus
Det: Rabeder
Stored: Private collections of A. Panucek & H. Preisl

AU 38 Rittersaal (Steiermark)

Type: c
Alt: 505
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997, (Fladerer & Fuchs 1992)
Layer: 4
Date: LP 14C > 29,600 BP, Mid-Würmian?
Fauna: cf Pica sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: Unstratified
Date: LP
Fauna: Accipitridae sp
Stored: Inst. Paläont. Univ. Wien

AU 39 Teufelsrast-Knochenfuge (Niederösterreich)

Type: c
Alt: 597
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Date: LP LG?
Fauna: Coturnix coturnix, Lagopus sp., Gallinago media, Falco vespertinus, Parus major, Parus cf ater, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Alauda arvensis, Corvus corax, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Jánossy
Stored: Naturhist. Mus. Wien
Notes: A. k. a. Knochenfuge

AU 40 Zigeunerhöhle (Steiermark)

Type: c
Alt: 395
Sources: Fladerer 2000
Date: LP LG Younger Dryas?
Fauna: Lagopus mutus

AU 41 Bärenhöhle (Steiermark)

Type: c
Alt: 1980
Sources: Mottl 1953b
Date: LP Early Würm?
Layer: c = "Dunkelbraune Phosphaterde"
Fauna: Lagopus mutus
Det: Mottl?
Notes: A. k. a. Hermann-Bock-Höhle

AU 42 Grub/Kranawetberg (Niederösterreich)

Type: o
Sources: Antl & Fladerer 2003
Date: LP Gravettian, 14C=24,620-25.450 BP
Fauna: Lagopus sp.

BELGIUM

BE 17 Grotte du Bois Laiterie (Namur)

Type: c
Alt: 120
Sources: Deville & Gautier 1997
Date: LP LG Magdalenian, Bölling 14C=12,625-12,665 BP
Layer: BD
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, cf Turdus sp.
Layer: BR
Fauna: cf Anas platyrhynchos, Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix
Layer: GBS
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus
Layer: UGS
Fauna: cf Anas platyrhynchos, Lagopus lagopus, cf Turdus sp.
Layer: LBS
Fauna: cf Anas crecca, Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Hirundo rustica
Layer: TT
Fauna: Anser anser?, cf Aythya fuligula, Buteo sp., Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Numenius phaeopus?, Bubo bubo, Hirundo rustica, Corvus monedula, Pica pica/Garrulus glandarius, Passeriformes
Layer:YSS
Fauna: Anser anser?, cf Anas platyrhynchos, Buteo sp., Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Perdix perdix, Numenius phaeopus, Bubo bubo, Corvus monedula, Passeriformes
Layer: BSC
Fauna: Perdix perdix, Asio sp., Hirundo rustica, Passeriformes
Layer: RS
Fauna: Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Passeriformes
Det: Laville

BULGARIA

BU 7 Mirizlivka

Type: c
Alt: 750
Sources: Boev 1995,1997,1998,1999a
Date: LP Late Würm, Late Palaeolithic
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Pica pica
Det: Boev
Stored: National Museum of Natural History, Sofia

BU 8 Tsareva tsarkva

Alt: 900
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1995,1998,1999a, 2001b
Date: LP
Fauna: Falco subbuteo, Coturnix coturnix, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Boev
Notes: A. k. a. Tsareva tsurkva

BU 9 Kozarnika cave

Alt: 250
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998a,b,1999a,2001a,d,2002
Date: LP, EUP (Gravettian), ca 19-26 KA BP
Layer: III-IV
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anserini sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco vespertinus, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrastes bonasia, Perdix paleoperdix, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Alectoris graeca/chukar, Crex crex, Gallinula chloropus, Porzana cf parva, cf Charadrius sp., Tringa totanus, Tringa stagnatilis, Tringa sp., Apus apus, Nyctea scandiaca, Aegolius funereus?, Athene noctua, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo daurica, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Riparia riparia, Anthus trivialis, Lanius collurio, cf Erithacus sp., Turdus merula, Turdus viscivorus, Monticola saxatilis, Carduelis cannabina, Carduelis carduelis, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, cf Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Fringilla coelebs, Loxia curvirostra, Pyrrhocorax cf pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone Corvus sp.
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS

BU 10 Cherdzhenitsa

Alt 200
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998,1999a,2000b,2006b,2006c
Date: EP MNQ 20, 1.0-1.2 MA BP
Layer: Trench Pr VI
Fauna: Coturnix coturnix, Dendrocopos minor, Anthus sp., Phylloscopus sibilatrix, Sylvia atricapilla, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Carduelis cannabina, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Det: Boev
Stored: NHNMS
Notes: A. k. a. Cave N15. Sometimes regarded as part of Temnata Cave (BU 4).

BU 11 Devetashka Cave

Alt: 250
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998a,d,1999a,c,2002
Date: LP Middle Paleolithic, ca 70 KA BP
Fauna: Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps grisegena, Anser cf erythropus, Branta ruficollis, Anas strepera, Anas clypeata, Anas penelope, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Anas acuta, Aythya fuligula, Aythya ferina, Aythya nyroca, Netta rufina, Accipiter nisus, Accipiter gentilis, Circus aeruginosus, Buteo buteo, Buteo lagopus, Aquila pomarina, Falco subbuteo, Falco tinnunculus, Falco vespertinus, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrastes bonasia, Perdix paleoperdix, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Phasianus colchicus, Alectoris graeca, Crex crex, Rallus aquaticus, Gallinula chloropus, Porzana pusilla, Tetrax tetrax, Recurvirostra avosetta, Himantopus himantopus, Vanellus vanellus, Tringa totanus, Tringa glareola, Tringa stagnatilis, Tringa ochropus, Actitis hypoleucos, Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago gallinago, Gallinago media, Pluvialis squatarola, Limosa limosa, Philomachus pugnax, Larus cf canus, Larus cf ridibundus, Sterna hirundo, Apus apus, Columba livia, Cuculus canorus, Strix cf uralensis, Strix aluco, Asio otus, Asio flammeus, Aegolius funereus, Athene noctua, Glaucidium passerinum, Surnia ulula, Dendrocopos major, Dendrocopos minor, Alauda arvensis, Eremophila alpestris, Lullula arborea, Hirundo rustica, Hirundo daurica, Anthus trivialis, Ficedula cf albicollis, Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos, Turdus iliacus, Turdus viscivorus, Lanius collurio, Sylvia communis, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Sturnus vulgaris, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pica pica, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus corax
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS
Note: A. k. a. Devetashkata and Devetatska peshchera.

BU 12 Filipovska Cave

Alt: 850
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998,1999a,2001a,b,2002
Date: LP (Late Würmian)
Fauna: Falco cf tinnunculus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus cf lagopus, Coturnix coturnix, Phasianus colchicus, Perdix perdix/palaeoperdixCharadriiformes sp., , Athene noctua, Hirundo rustica, , Erithacus rubecula, Prunella modularis, Muscicapidae sp., Sitta europaea, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Sturnus vulgaris, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pica pica, Corvus monedula, Corvus sp., Carduelis sp.
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS
Notes: A. k. a. Mishlovishka Cave

BU 13 Kozarskata Cave

Alt: 550
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998, 1999a, 2001c
Date: LP, »Pleniglacial 2»
Fauna: Perdix perdix, Turdus merula, Turdus iliacus, Lanius cf collurio, Corvus monedula
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS
Notes: A. k. a. Kozarska cave

BU 14 Mechata Dupka Cave

Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998,1999a
Date: LP
Fauna: Perdix perdix
Det: Boev
Notes: A. k. a. Mechata Doupka.

BU 15 Razhishkata Cave

Alt: 500
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998,1999a,2000c,2002
Date: LP LG “transition Late Pleistocene to Holocene”
Fauna: Anser sp., Anas sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrastes bonasia, Perdix paleoperdix, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Crex crex, Tringa cf stagnatilis, Apus melba, Asio otus, Athene noctua, Melanocorypha sp., Anthus cf trivialis, Anthus sp., Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Parus major, Sylvia sp., Petronia petronia, Carduelis chloris, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Fringilla montifringilla, Loxia curvirostra, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, cf Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus sp.
Det: Boev
Store: NMNHS
Notes: A. k. a. Rezhishkata, Razhishka, Razhiskatsa, Razhitska peshchera

BU 16 Toplya Cave

Alt: 450
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998,1999a,2002
Date: LP, Würm
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Monticola saxatilis, Corvus monedula
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS

BU 17 Balsha

Alt: 600
Type: c
Sources: Boev 2001,2002
Date: EP, MNQ 18/19.
Fauna: Lagopus sp., cf Lagopus sp.
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS

BU 18 Kunino

Alt: 250
Type: c
Sources: Boev 2001,2002,2006a,2006c
Date: EP, Waalian-Menapian, 1.0-1.2 Ma BP to Middle Pleistocene
Fauna: Falco cf cherrug, cf Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao/Lagopus sp., Coturnix coturnix, Alectoris graeca, Sylvia cf atricapilla, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Acanthis cf cannabina, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS

CHINA

CI 58 Jiulengshan (Guangxi)

Type: c
Sources: Zhao, Liu & Wang 1981
Date: LP
Fauna: Phasianidae sp.

CI 59 Luobidang Cave (Hainan)

Type: c
Sources: Hou 1998
Date: LP
Fauna: Leptoptilos javanicus, Buteo sanya, Francolinus sp., Lophura sp., Gallus gallus, Coturnix coturnix, Phasianus colchicus, Polyplectron bicalcaratum, Pavo muticus, Strix leptogrammica, Halcyon pileata, Pitta soror, Luscinia sibilans, Muscicapidae sp., Hirundo rustica
Det: Hou

CI 60 Dongfang Plaza, Wangfujiang (Beijing)

Type: o
Sources: Li, Feng & Yu 2000
Date: LP UP 14C=24,240±300-24,890±350 BP
Fauna: Struthio anderssoni, Phasianidae

CI 61 Locality 73118, Heshui (Gansu)

Type: o
Sources: Anon. 1975
Date: LP?
Layer: 7
Fauna: Struthio anderssoni

CI 62 Shuidonggou, Loc. 2 (Ningxia)

Type: o
Sources: Madsen et al. 2001
Date: LP 24,000-29,000 BP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

CI 63 Tengger Lakes area (Ningxia)

Type: o
Sources: Madsen et al. 2003
Date: LP Late Glacial?
Fauna: Struthio sp.

CI 64 Heitakou (Nei Monggol)

Type: o
Sources: Chow & Rozhdestvensky 1960
Date: EP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

CI 65 Majuangou (Hebei)

Type: o
Sources: Zhu et al. 2004
Date: EP 1.32-1.66 MA BP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

CI 66 Dabusu Lake (Jilin)

Type: o
Sources: Tang, Liu, Lin & Liu 2003
Date: LP
Fauna: Struthio anderssoni.

CI 67 Houhecun (Shaanxi)

Type: o
Sources: Wang 1988
Date: EP, “Middle Villafranchian”
Fauna: Struthio sp.

CI 68 lower Fenhe River (Shaanxi)

Type: o
Sources: Wang, Shao, Hu & Sun 2006
Date: EP, Sanmen formation
Fauna: Shanxiornis fenyinis

CI 69 Panxian Dadong (Guizhou)

Type: c Alt: 1630
Sources: Bekken et al 2004
Date: MP
Fauna: Aquila sp., Gruidae sp.

CZECHIA

CZ 56 Chlum Kom�n (Bohemia)

Type: c
Sources: Diedrich & Z�k 2006.
Date: LP Weichselian
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus

CZ 57 Koneprusy, Prosek dome (Bohemia)

Type: c
Sources: Diedrich & Z�k 2006.
Date: LP Weichselian
Fauna: Nyctea scandiaca

EGYPT

EG 40 Nabta Playa, Site E-77-3

Type: o
Sources: Gautier 1980
Date: LP/Hol Terminal Palaeolithic
Fauna: Struthio sp.

EG 41 Dakhleh Oasis

Alt: 150
Type: o
Sources: Churcher, Kleindienst & Schwarcz, 1999.
Date: MP, IS 7
Layer: Locality 348
Fauna: Struthio camelus, Grus grus
Layer: Locality 357
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas sp., Arenaria interpres
Det: Churcher

EG 42 Gebel Silsila X

Type: o
Sources: Churcher & Smith 1972 (Churcher 1972)
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Ardea cinerea, Anas crecca
Det.: Churcher
Notes: A. k. a. Kom Ombo GS X, ETE Locality 1348. Many identifications strongly questioned by Boessneck (1986)

EG 43 Gebel Silsila XIII, Sector 2

Type: o
Sources: Churcher & Smith 1972 (Churcher 1972)
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anas acuta
Det.: Churcher
Notes: A. k. a. Kom Ombo GS XIII, Sec 2, ETE Locality 1351, Gabal Silsila XIII. Many identifications strongly questioned by Boessneck (1986)

EG 44 Gebel Silsila IX

Type: o
Sources: Churcher & Smith 1972 (Churcher 1972)
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Platalea leucorodia
Det.: Churcher
Notes: A. k. a. Kom Ombo GS IX, ETE Locality 1347. Many identifications strongly questioned by Boessneck (1986)

EG 45 Makhadma 2

Type: o
Sources: van Neer 2002, van Neer, Paulissen & Vermeersch 2000
Det: LP LG, Esnan, 12,100-12,500 cal BC (12,060±100, 12,270±280 BP)
Fauna: Anatidae sp., Passeriformes sp.
Det: Van Neer

EG 46 Makhadma 4

Type: o
Sources: van Neer 2002, van Neer, Paulissen & Vermeersch 2000
Det: LP LG, 12,150-12,500 cal BC (12,320-12940 BP)
Fauna: Anatidae sp., Fulica atra
Det: Van Neer

FRANCE

FR258 Castiglione 1 (Haute-Corse)

Type: c
Alt: 120
Sources: Ferrandini et al. 1995, Louchart 2002, Mourer-Chauviré et al. 1997
Date: MP, probably late Middle Pleistocene
Layer: Site A, layers 3-4.
Fauna: Accipitridae sp., Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia, Columba palumbus, Tyto alba cf ernesti, Bubo insularis, Athene angelis, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula
Det.: Louchart, Mourer-Chauviré Stored: Musée de Sartène (Corse du Sud)
Notes: A. k. a. Oletta, Cast 1

FR259 Castiglione 3 (Haute-Corse)

Type: c
Sources: Louchart 2002, Louchart, Bedetti & Pavia 2005, Mourer-Chauviré et al. 1997, Salotti et al. 1997,2000
Date: MP 200-400 Ka BP
Layer: Locus CG (sites CG1-CG9)
Fauna: Anas cf crecca, cf Gypaetus barbatus, Gyps melitensis, Circus aeruginosus, Circus cf cyaneus, Aquila chrysateos, Aquila nipaloides, Buteo buteo cf arrigonii, Buteo rufinus cf jansoni, Accipiter nisus, Accipiter gentilis cf arrigonii, Falco biarmicus/peregrinus, Coturnix coturnix, Porzana porzana, Porzana cf parva, Otis tarda, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur, Bubo insularis, Otus scops, Athene angelis, Tyto balearica cyrneichnusae, Tyto alba cf ernestii, Merops apiaster, Upupa epops, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo sp., Anthus sp., Erithacus rubecula, Luscinia luscinia/megarhynchos, Turdus spp., Hippolais cf polyglotta, Muscicapa striata, Tichodroma muraria, Garrulus glandarius, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax,Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus corax, Sturnus sp., Serinus sp., cf Carduelis chloris, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Date: MP >350 Ka BP
Layer: Locus Inters (Intersection)
Fauna: Accipiter gentilis, Aquila nipaloides, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia, Tyto alba cf ernestii, Tyto balearica cyrneichnusae, Otus scops, Athene angelis, Dendrocopos major, Turdus iliacus, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone/frugilegus
Date: LP/Hol ca 17,000-9,000 BP
Layer: Locus PL (sites G,PL,OA,OB,EF,CY)
Fauna: Gypaetus barbatus, Gyps melitensis, Aquila chrysateos, Aquila nipaloides, Falco sp., Columba livia, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur, Tyto alba cf ernestii, Bubo insularis, Athene angelis, Lullula arborea, Hirundo sp., Erithacus rubecula, Turdus spp. Hippolais cf icterina, Muscicapa striata, Pipa pica, Pyrrhocorax graculus castiglionis, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax cf macrorhynchos, Corvus monedula,Loxia curvirostra
Det.: Louchart, Mourer-Chauviré Stored: Musée de Sartène (Corse du Sud)
Notes: A. k. a. Cast 3PL

FR260 Grotte Nord-Ouest de la Grotte de la Coscia (Corse)

Type: c
Alt: 10
Sources: Bonifay et al. 1998, Louchart 2002, Louchart, Bedetti & Pavia 2005
Date: LP ca 60-90 Ka BP
Layer: Grotte Est, layer B
Fauna: Botaurus stellaris, Ardeidae sp., Anas spp., Aythya sp., Clangula hyemalis, Melanitta sp., Haliaetus albicilla, Accipiter gentilis, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Coturnix coturnix, Porzana porzana, Rallidae sp., Calidris cf alpina, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia, Bubo insularis, Asio flammeus, Asio flammeus/otus, Coracias garrulus, Melanocorypha calandra, cf Eremophila alpestris, Turdus spp., Muscicapa striata, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus corax, Sturnus sp., Petronia petronia/Montifringilla nivalis, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Date: LP ca 60-90 Ka BP
Layer: Grotte Est, layer C
Fauna: Botaurus stellaris, Anas crecca querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas sp., Circus cyaneus/pygargus/macrourus, Accipiter nisus, cf Buteo buteo, Aquila nipaloides, Falco tinnunculus, Falco tinnunculus/columbarius, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Falco sp., Falco peregrinus cyrneus, Coturnix coturnix, Porzana porzana, Crex crex,Gallinula chloropus, Fulica atra, Tetrax tetrax, cf Calidris sp., Philomachus aff pugnax, Gallinago gallinago, cf Gallinago media, Scolopax rusticola, Limosa sp., Columba livia, Otus scops, Bubo insularis, Asio flammeus, Asio flammeus/otus, Apus melba, Coracias garrulus, Alauda arvensis, Motacilla cf flava, Turdus spp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Sturnus sp.
Date: LP ca 60-90 Ka BP
Layer: Grotte Est, structure D
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Anas crecca querquedula, Anas spp., Anas clypeata/penelope, Milvus milvus/migrans, Gyps melitensis, Accipiter gentilis, Buteo buteo, Buteo sp./Accipiter gentilis, Aquila nipaloides, Aquila sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco subbuteo, Falco tinnunculus/vespertinus, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Falco sp., Falco peregrinus cyrneus, Coturnix coturnix, Porzana porzana, Porzana parva/pusilla, Crex crex, Rallus aquaticus/Gallinula chloropus, Tetrax tetrax, cf Pluvialis squatarola, Vanellus vanellus, Philomachus aff pugnax, cf Gallinago gallinago, Scolopax rusticola, Limosa sp., Columba livia, Columba palumbus,Otus scops, Bubo insularis, Asio flammeus, Asio flammeus/otus, Caprimulgus europaeus, Coracias garrulus, Lullula arborea, Alaudidae sp., Anthus sp., Prunella collaris, Oenanthe cf oenanthe, Turdus spp., Turdus cf viscivorus, cf Lanius senator, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus corax, Sturnus sp., Petronia petronia/Montifringilla nivalis, Serinus sp., Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Miliaria calandra
Date: LP ca 60-90 Ka BP
Layer: Grotte Est, layer d'
Fauna: Ixobrychus aff minutus, Anser/Branta sp., Anas crecca querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos/acuta, Anas spp., Anas clypeata/penelope, Anas/Aythya sp.,Gyps melitensis, Circus cyaneus/pygargus/macrourus, Accipiter gentilis, Buteo buteo, Buteo rufinus, Aquila nipaloides, Aquila sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco subbuteo, Falco naumanni/vespertinus, Falco tinnunculus/columbarius, Falco tinnunculus/vespertinus, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Falco biarmicus/peregrinus, Falco peregrinus cyrneus, Falco sp., Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Rallus aquaticus/Porzana porzana, Crex crex, Rallus aquaticus/Crex crex, Fulica atra, Tetrax tetrax, Calidris minuta/temminckii, Calidris sp., Philomachus aff pugnax, Scolopax rusticola, Limosa sp., Tringa nebularia, Columba livia, Columba palumbus,Otus scops, Bubo insularis, Asio flammeus, Asio flammeus/otus, Caprimulgus europaeus, Caprimulgus cf ruficollis, Coracias garrulus, Melanocorypha calandra, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Motacilla cf cinerea/alba, Bombycilla garrulus, Prunella collaris, Turdus spp., Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus corax, Petronia petronia/Montifringilla nivalis, Fringillidae sp., Emberiza cf citrinella, Miliaria calandra
Date: LP ca 60-90 Ka BP
Layer: Grotte Est, layer E
Fauna: Anas spp., Circus aeruginosus, Circus sp., Accipiter nisus, cf Falco tinnunculus, cf Falco naumanni, Falco naumanni/vespertinus, Falco tinnunculus/columbarius, Falco tinnunculus/vespertinus, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Falco peregrinus cyrneus, Falco sp., Coturnix coturnix, Tetrax tetrax, Vanellus vanellus, cf Gallinago gallinago, Columba livia, Bubo insularis, Asio flammeus, Asio flammeus/otus, Caprimulgus europaeus, Coracias garrulus, cf Melanocorypha calandra, cf Alauda arvensis, Eremophila alpestris, cf Anthus sp., Prunella collaris, Oenanthe cf oenanthe, Turdus sp., Muscicapa striata, Sitta europaea, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus corax, Sturnus sp., Montifringilla nivalis, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Emberizidae sp.
Date: LP ca 60-90 Ka BP
Layer: Grotte Ext, layer 1-3,5
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas/Tadorna sp., Coturnix coturnix, Tetrax tetrax, Columba livia, Otus scops
Date: MP, Riss?
Layer: Grotte Ouest (Grotte W), layer 2
Fauna: Anas/Aythya sp., Accipitridae sp., Columba livia, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Pica pica/Corvus monedula
Date: MP, Riss?
Layer: Grotte Ouest (Grotte W), layer 3
Fauna: Anser/Branta sp., cf Aquila sp., Columba livia, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone/frugilegus
Det.: Louchart
Stored: Département des Sciences de la Terre, Lyon

FR261 Champs-Gaillards (Charente)

Type: o
Sources: Boule & Chauvet 1899
Date: LP?
Fauna: Tadorna ferruginea
Det: Milne-Edwards

FR262 Grotte de Bourrouilla (Pyrénées Atlantiques)

Alt: 75
Type: c
Sources: Eastham 1998b, 2000, 2001
Layer: A         Date: LP Azilian
Fauna: Nyctea scandiaca, Turdus iliacus
Layer: B2        Date: LP Late Magdalenian 14C=12,395±35, 12,260±120 BP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Nyctea scandiaca, Turdus philomelos, Corvus corax
Layer: C1        Date: LP Middle Magdalenian 14C=12,700±40 BP
Fauna: Nyctea scandiaca, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Layer: Unstratified (Déblais)        Date: LP Magdalenian-Azilian
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Cygnus cygnus, Anas sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Netta rufina, Mergus serrator, Buteo buteo, Aquila sp., cf Circaetus gallicus, Falco peregrinus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Haematopus ostralegus, Larus canus cf Fratercula arctica, Nyctea scandiaca, Dendrocopos minor, Alauda arvensis, Lullula arborea, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Hirundo rustica, Hirundo sp., cf Phoenicurus phoenicurus, Saxicola rubetra, Turdus merula, Turdus iliacus, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus sp., Muscicapa striata, Parus major, Garrulus glandarius, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus corax, Carduelis chloris, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Carduelis cannabina, Emberiza sp.
Det: Eastham
Notes: A. k. a. Arancou.z.

FR 263 Vaison-la-Romaine (Provence)

Sources: Cuisin & Vigne 1998
Date: LP Alleröd
Fauna: Otis tarda

FR 264 Grotte Vaufrey (Dordogne)

Type: c
Sources: Laroulandie 2000 (Rigaud 1988)
Date: MP Mousterian, IS 6-7
Layer: VIII
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax graculus

FR 265 Aven des Iboussières (Drôme)

Type: c
Sources: d'Errico & Vanhaeren 1999, Laroulandie 2000 (Gély & Morand 2000)
Date: LP LG Epipalaeolithic 14C=10,210±80 BP
Fauna: Podiceps cristatus, Ciconia ciconia, Aquila chrysaetos

FR 266 Grotte du Tai 2 (Drôme)

Type: c
Sources: Laroulandie 2000, Louchart & Soave 2002a,b, (Soave 1998)
Layer: IV
Date: LP Late Bölling, Magdalenien
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Otis tarda, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: IIIb
Date: LP Early Alleröd, Magdalenien
Fauna: Cygnus cf olor, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: IIIa
Date: LP Early Alleröd, Magdalenien/Azilien
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: IIb
Date: LP Middle Alleröd, Azilien
Fauna: Aquila cf chrysaetos, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: IIa
Date: LP Late Alleröd, Azilien
Fauna: Anatinae sp., Lagopus sp., Asio flammeus
Layer: I
Date: LP Late Alleröd, Azilien
Fauna: Lagopus sp.
Notes: A. k. a. Grotte de Thais

FR 267 Gritulu Cave (Corse)

Type: c
Alt: 150
Sources: Louchart 2002, Robert & Vigne 2001, 2002a,2002b (Vigne, Bailon & Cousin 1997)
Layer: Late Middle Deposits (LMD) (SU 49)
Date: LP Younger Dryas
Fauna: Gypaetus barbatus
Layer: Early Middle Deposits (EMD) (SU 5 to 2-50)
Date: LP Bölling?-Alleröd
Fauna: Gypaetus barbatus, Bubo insularis
Layer: Middle Deposits
Date; LP Bölling?-Younger Dryas
Fauna: Circaetus gallicus, Buteo cf lagopus, Aquila sp., Pandion haliaetus, Falco tinnunculus, Coturnix coturnix, Tringa ochropus, Columba livia, Turdus spp., Sylvia spp. Parus cf major, Lanius collurio/senator, Corvus monedula, Corvus corax, Sturnus sp., Fringillidae sp.
Det: Cuisin
Note: A. k. a. Luru-Gritulu Cave

FR 268 Aven Bouet (Hérault)

Type: c
Alt: 200
Sources: Brugal 1982
Date: LP LG 14C=15,460±190 BP
Fauna: Columba livia
Det: Mourer-Chauviré

FR 269 Conca (Corse)

Type: o
Alt: 330
Sources: Louchart 2002, Pereira, Ottaviani-Spella & Salotti 2001
Date: MP, Early Middle Pleistocene
Fauna: Tyto balearica cyrneichnusae
Det: Louchart
Notes: A. k. a. Punta di Calcina

FR 270 Corte (Corse)

Type: o
Alt: 320
Sources: Louchart 2002
Date: MP, Late Middle Pleistocene
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos, Bubo insularis, Anthus sp.
Det: Louchart

FR 271 L'Aven de Romain-La-Roche (Doubs)

Type: c
Alt: 410
Sources: Paupe et al. 2001
Layer: VI-VIIIb
Date: MP U/Th 150±18 Ka BP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Haliaeetus albicilla, Circus cyaneus, Buteo cf rufinus, Accipiter gentilis, Aquila sp., Falco cf peregrinus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Perdix/Alectoris sp., Pica pica cf major, Pyrrhocorax graculus cf vetus, Corvus sp., Corvus corax

FR 272 Marzal II (Ardèche)

Type: c
Sources: Debard 2003
Date: MP/LP ca 30 - 350 KA BP
Fauna: Accipiter nisus, Falco tinnunculus, cf. Circus sp., Alectoris graeca, cf. Perdix sp., Coturnix coturnix, Otis tarda, Scolopax rusticola,Columba palumbus, Burhinus oedicnemus, Asio otus, Strix aluco, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus pliocaenus/antecorax , Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Mourer-Chauviré

FR 273 Verberie (Oise)

Type: o
Sources: Laroulandie 2003 (David 1994)
Date: LP Magdalenian
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus

FR 274 Les Petits Guinards (Allier)

Type: o
Sources: Fontana et al. 2003
Date: LP Magdalenian, 14C =13,230-18,100 BP
Fauna: Anas crecca?, Anas cf querquedula, Aythya cf nyroca, Aythya sp., Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Porzana porzana, Pluvialis apricaria?, Pluvialis squatarola?, Charadriidae sp., Scolopacidae sp., Nyctea scandiaca, Bubo bubo?, Passeriformes sp.
Det: Mourer-Chauviré

FR 275 Grotte du Hyène ( )

Type: c
Sources: Fiore et al. 2004
Date: LP, Mousterian
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos
Det: Mourer-Chauviré

FR 276 Unikoté (Pyrénées Atlantiques)

Type: c
Sources. Michel 2005
Layer: Unikoté I, Niveaux 7-9
Date: LP
Fauna: Turdus philomela, Turdus merula, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: Unikoté I, Niveaux 10-12
Date: LP Early Würmian
Fauna: Turdus philomela, Turdus merula, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: Unikoté II, Niveau Sup.
Date: LP Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Accipiter gentilis, Strix aluco
Layer: Unikoté II, Niveau Plan
Date: LP Middle Palaeolithic, 14C=30,150±700 BP
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix

FR 277 Baume-Vallée (Haute-Loire)

Type: c Alt: 840
Sources: Gala, Raynal & Tagliacozzo 2005
Date: LP, La Ferrassie-type Mousterian, TL=78,500±7,500 BP, ESR=80,100±10,500 BP
Fauna: Anas penelope, Anas streperea/clypeata, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Anas sp., Aythya nyroca, Anatinae sp., Circus cf aeruginosus, cf Buteo buteo, Accipitridae sp., Falco sp., Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetraonidae sp., Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Phasianidae sp., Galliformes sp., Strix cf aluco, Asio otus, Asio cf flammeus, Asio sp., Strigiformes sp., Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula, Corvidae sp., Passeriformes sp.
Det: Gala & Tagliacozzo

FR 278 Carrière du Coustal à Noailles (Corrèze)

Type: o
Sources: Philippe, Mouret & Raynal 1985
Layer: 4-5
Date: MP, Late MP
Fauna: Perdix palaeoperdix, Coturnix coturnix, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus antecorax
Det: Mourer-Chauviré

FR 279 Coudoulous I (Lot)

Type: c
Sources: Jaubert et al. 2005
Layer: 5-8d
Date: LP/MP, ca OIS 7- OIS 5e
Fauna: Anas/Tadorna sp., Falco cf tinnunculus, Falco sp., Tetrao sp., Alectoris cf graeca, cf Alectoris sp., Perdix palaeoperdix, Coturnix coturnix, Porzana porzana, Gallinula cf gigantea,Charadrius morinelus, Pluvialis squatarola, Tyto alba, Glaucidium passerinum, Aegolius funereus, Caprimulgus cf europaeus, Apus cf submelba, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo sp., Anthus sp., Prunella modularis, Erithacus rubecula, Turdus spp., cf Perisoreus infaustus, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corax, Sturnus sp., Carduelis cf chloris, Fringillidae sp.
Det: Louchart

FR 280 Grotte de Noisetier (Hautes-Pyrénées)

Type: c
Sources: Laroulandie 2004c
Date: LP, Mid-Würmian
Fauna: cf Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus sp., Perdix perdix, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corax, Passeriformes small sp.
Det: Laroulandie

FR 281 Causse de Martel (Lot)

Type: c
Sources: Philippe 1997
Date: LP Würm
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax graculus

FR 282 Saint-Césaire ()

Type: c
Sources: Laroulandie 2004d
Layer: EJM (=4)
Date: LP EUP Evolved Aurignacian
Fauna: Gypaetinae sp., Charadriidae sp., Charadriiformes sp.
Layer: EJF (=5)
Date: LP EUP, Aurignacian I
Fauna: cf Anser sp., Anas crecca, Anseriformes sp., Gypaetinae sp., Lagopus sp., Pluvialis sp., Charadriiformes sp., Strigiformes sp., Corvus corax, Passeriformes sp.
Layer: EJO Sup. (=6) 14C=34,000±3,900, 30800±3,300 BP
Date: LP EUP Aurignacian 0?
Fauna: Anas acuta, Anas sp., Aythya sp., Anseriformes sp., Alle alle, Pluvialis sp., Strigiformes sp.
Layer: EJO (=6-7)
Date: LP
Fauna: Anseriformes sp., Accipitriformes sp., Lagopus sp.
Layer: EJOP Sup. (=8)
Date: LP EUP Chatelperronian 14C = 33,700 – 38,200 BP
Fauna: Anas cf acuta, Anseriformes sp., Charadriidae sp.
Layer: EJOP inf. (=9)
Date: LP EUP Chatelperronian?
Fauna: Gypaetinae sp., Charadriiformes sp.
Layer: EJOP (=8-9)
Date: LP EUP Chatelperronian
Fauna: Anser sp. Passeriformes sp.
Layer: 10
Date: MP Denticulate Mousterian 14C = 41,400±4,200 BP
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos
Det: Laroulandie

FR 283 Grotte du Bison (Yonne)

Type: c
Sources: David et al. 2006
Layer: C
Date: LP IS 2, 14C = 24,140�310 BP Fauna: Mergus serrator, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Galerida cristata, Alauda arvensis, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Hirundo rustica, Motacilla alba, Cinclus cinclus, Prunella modularis, Plectrophenax nivalis, Montifringilla nivalis, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: D
Date: LP IS 3, Late Chatelperronian, 14C = 33,670 - 34,050 BP
Fauna: Cinclus cinclus, Montifringilla nivalis, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: Unstratified
Date: LP
Fauna: Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Strix aluco, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Motacilla alba, Cinclus cinclus, Montifringilla nivalis
Det: Mourer-Chauvir�

FR 284 Roc de Marsal I (Dordogne)

Sources: Smirnov 1989
Date: LP Mousterian
Fauna: Alectoris barbara

FR 285 Gouffre du Haut de la Coume des Arrat (Hautes Pyr�n�es)

Type: c
Alt: 945
Sources: Clot & Evin 1986
Date: LP 14C = 11,630�280 BP
Fauna: Accipiter gentilis, Falco peregrinus, Columba cf livia, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax

GERMANY

BRD 160 Bottrop-Welheim ()

Type: o
Sources: Koenigswald, Sander & Walders 1996, (Koenigswald 1995)
Date: LP Middle Weichselian, <42 Ka BP
Fauna: Anser sp.
Notes: Bird tracks at a vertebrate tracksite.

BRD 161 Kettig (Rheinland-Pfalz)

Type: o
Sources: Baales & von Berg 1997.
Date: LP LG Late Alleröd
Fauna: Parus sp.

BRD 162 Miesenheim 4 (Rheinland-Pfalz)

Type: o
Sources: Baales & von Berg 1997, (Baales, M. & Street M. J. 1995).
Date: LP LG Late Alleröd
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix?
Det.: Street

BRD 163 Jungfernhöhle ()

Type: c
Source: Heller 1960a
Date: LP ”Würm 3”
Layer: d
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Crex crex, Turdus pilaris, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Soergel

BRD 164 Lobsing (Bayern)

Type: c
Source: Heller 1960b
Date: LP ”letztes Interglazial”
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Montifringilla sp.
Det: Heller?

BRD 165 Körnersche Kiesgrube, Berlin-Britz ()

Type: o
Source: Lehmann 1941
Date: LP Early Weichsel, ”Rixdorfer Stufe”
Fauna: Anser sp., Fulica sp.
Det: Soergel

BRD 166 Buhlen Upper Rock Shelter (Hessen)

Type: c
Source: Eastham 1998
Layer: I
Date: LP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Lagopus lagopus, Gallinago gallinago, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Layer: Loessic layers C,D,E,F
Date: IS 2/3, ca 15-40 Ka BP
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Perdix perdix, Gallinago gallinago, Bubo bubo, Lullula arborea, Corvus corone, Corvus monedula
Layer: Loessic layers Z and IIIbx
Date: IS 2/3, ca 15-40 Ka BP
Fauna: Anas sp., Lagopus lagopus, Perdix perdix, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Layer: II
Date: Early IS 3, ca 55 Ka BP, Mousterian
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Perdix perdix
Layer: IIIb
Date: Late IS 5a/Early IS 4, ca 70 Ka BP, Middle Palaeolithic ("Keilmesser")
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Perdix perdix, Turdus viscivorus, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Miliaria calandra
Layer: IIIc
Date: IS 5a, ca 75 Ka BP, Middle Palaeolithic ("Keilmesser")
Fauna: Cygnus columbianus, Anser sp., Anser cf fabalis, Anser cf erythropus, Anas sp., Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Mergus serrator, Aquila cf pomarina, Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Perdix perdix, Bubo bubo, Columba livia, Corvus corone, Corvus monedula, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Layer: IIId
Date: IS 5b, ca 85 Ka BP, Middle Palaeolithic ("Keilmesser")
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Accipiter gentilis, Tetrao tetrix,Lagopus lagopus, Perdix perdix
Det: Eastham

BRD 167 Kogelstein (Baden-Württemberg)

Type: c
Sources: Kind 2000, Mörike 2000
Date: LP Mousterian, 45-60 KA BP
Layer: AH 1o
Fauna: Anser fabalis, Branta/Tadorna sp. Buteo lagopus, Falco columbarius/tinnunculus, Tetrastes bonasia, Lagopus sp., Eudromias morinellus, Limosa sp., Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Bombycilla garrulus, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus iliacus, Pica pica, Corvus monedula, Pinicola enucleator, Loxia curvirostra, Fringilla sp., Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Plectrophenax nivalis, Emberiza citrinella
Layer: AH 1u
Fauna: Branta/Tadorna sp., Falco columbarius/tinnunculus, Rallus aquaticus, Lagopus sp., Perdix perdix, Asio flammeus, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Bombycilla garrulus, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus philomelos, Turdus torquatus, Garrulus glandarius, Pica pica, Corvus corax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Loxia curvirostra, Fringilla sp., Plectrophenax nivalis
Det: Mörike

BRD 168 Basthöhle bei Höfen (Baden-Württemberg)

Type: c
Sources: Ambros & Hilpert n. d.
Date: LP
Fauna: Delichon urbica, Corvus corone?, Corvus monedula?
Det: Mörike

BRD 169 Sesselfelsgrotte (Bayern)

Type: c
Sources: von den Driesch 2005
Layer: A
Date: LP/Hol
Fauna: Cygnus bewickii, Lagopus lagopus, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: B
Date: Younger Dryas, Epipalaeolithic
Fauna: Strigidae sp.
Layer: C
Date: LG, Late Magdalenian
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: E
Date: Late Middle Palaeolithic – Upper Palaeolithic (Gravettian)
Fauna: Lagopus sp., Philomachus pugnax, Bombycilla garrulus
Layer: G
Date: Middle Palaeolithic, MIS 3, Micoquien
Fauna: Cygnus cygnus, Branta bernicla, Aquila chrysaetos, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus sp., Tetrastes bonasia, Bubo bubo, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus torquatus, Turdus iliacus, Plectrophenax nivalis/Emberiza citrinella, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: H
Date: Middle Palaeolithic, MIS 3, Mousterian
Fauna: Bucephala clangula/Aythya marila, Haliaetus albicilla, Gyps fulvus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus mutus, Aegolius funereus, Apus melba, Hirundo rustica, Turdus iliacus, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Acanthis flammea, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: C-H
Date: LG – MIS3
Fauna: Lagopus mutus, Apus melba
Layer: I, “Nagerschicht”
Date: MIS 3, Örel interstadial?, ca 60 KA BP
Fauna: Bucephala clangula/Aythya marila, Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrastes bonasia, Perdix perdix, Charadrius dubius, Aegolius funereus, Strix aluco, Apus melba, Apus apus, Dendrocopos leucotos, Dendrocopos sp., Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica,Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus torquatus, Turdus iliacus, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Cinclus cinclus, Erithacus rubecula, Emberizidae sp., Plectrophenax nivalis/Emberiza citrinella, Fringilla coelebs/montifringilla, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: H-I-K
Date: MIS 3-4
Fauna: Haliaetus albicilla, Lagopus sp., Hirundo rustica, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Emberiza citrinella, , Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: K/i
Date: Border between MIS 3 and MIS 4
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tringa totanus, Asio flammeus, Apus melba, Alauda arvensis, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus torquatus, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Emberizidae sp., Plectrophenax nivalis/Emberiza citrinella, Loxia curvirostra, Perisoreus infaustus, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Layer: K/ii
Date: MIS 4, stadial
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus sp., Hirundo rustica, Turdus torquatus, Turdus iliacus, Emberizidae sp., Plectrophenax nivalis/Emberiza citrinella, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: K/iii
Date: MIS 4, stadial
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Emberizidae sp.,
Layer: K/L
Date: MIS 4, stadial
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Emberizidae sp., Plectrophenax nivalis/Emberiza citrinella, Loxia curvirostra
Layer: K
Date: MIS 4 or early MIS 3
Fauna: Falco peregrinus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Aegolius funereus
Layer: L
Date: LP MIS 4, c. 70 KA BP
Fauna: Falco columbarius, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus sp., Philomachus pugnax, Aegolius funereus, Hirundo rustica, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Cinclus cinclus, Loxia curvirostra, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: M1
Date: LP Early Würm, border MIS 4/5a
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Hirundo rustica, Turdus viscivorus, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: M2
Date: LP Early Würm, MIS 5a
Fauna: Strix aluco, Cinclus cinclus
Layer: M3
Date: LP Early Würm, MIS 5a
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus sp., Bubo bubo, Cinclus cinclus, Nucifraga caryocatactes
Layer: N
Date: LP Early Würm, MIS 5a
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Dendrocopos major
Layer: O
Date: LP Early Würm, MIS 5a
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos, Picoides tridactylus, Turdus torquatus/pilaris
Layer: P
Date: LP Early Würm, MIS 5c
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos
Layer: Q
Date: LP Early Würm, MIS 5c/5e?
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus
Layer: S
Date: LP Early MIS 5e?
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix
Layer: West 1-3
Date: LP
Fauna: Strix aluco, Picoides tridactylus, Cinclus cinclus, Garrulus glandarius/Perisoreus infaustus
Det: von den Driesch

BRD 170 Abri Stendel XVIII (Niedersachsen)

Type: c
Sources: Staescher 2005.
Date: LP LG Magdalenian, 14C = 13,000 BP (cal)
Fauna: Anser sp., Lagopus sp.

BRD 171 Kleine Feldhofer Grotte + Feldhofer Kirche (Nordrhein-Westfalen)

Type: c
Sources: Kalthoff 2006
Date: LP Mousterian - LG (40-10 KA BP)
Fauna: Lagopus sp.

BRD 172 Lehmgrube Biedensteg (Hessen)

Type: o
Alt: 208
Sources: Diedrich 2006, Jacobshagen 1963
Date: LP IS4 ca 65-90 KA BP
Layer: IV
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Otis tarda
Layer: III
Fauna: Mergus serrator, Lagopus sp.
Layer: II
Fauna: Erithacus rubecula
Layer: I
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas penelope, Anas sp., Mergus serrator, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Scolopax ruaticola, Limosa limosa, Strix aluco, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Pyrrhula pyrrhula
Det: Soergel

GEORGIA

GE 22 Dzydzyana

Type:c
Sources: Burchak-Abramovich & Burchak 1982, (Bendukidze 1979)
Date: LP EUP
Fauna: Turdus merula, Garrulus glandarius, Fringilla coelebs
Notes: A. k. a. Dzudzuana

GREECE

GR 22 Kalamakia Cave (Lakonia)

Type:c
Sources: Darlas 2007, Roger & Darrias 1999
Date: LP Early - Middle Weichselian (IS 3-4)
Layer: III-V
Fauna: Puffinus cf yelkouan, cf Coturnix coturnix, Alectoris graeca, Columba livia, Otus scops, Corvus monedula, Pica pica

GR 23 Klisoura Cave I (Argolis)

Type: c
Sources: Komouzelis et al. 2001, Tomek & Bochenski 2001,2002
Date: LP Latest Aurignacian 14C=22,500±400, 26,000±500 BP
Layer: 6a
Fauna: Anser anser, Alectoris graeca, Alectoris cf graeca, cf Alectoris sp., Otis tarda, Turdus sp., Corvus corone
Date: LP Aurignacian Layer: III
Fauna: Alectoris graeca
Date: LP Latest Aurignacian
Layer: III'
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, cf Alectoris sp., Asio sp., Corvus monedula
Date: LP Latest Aurignacian
Layer: IIIb/c
Fauna: Alectoris graeca
Date: LP Aurignacian
Layer: IIIc
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, Alectoris cf graeca, cf Alectoris sp.
Date: LP Aurignacian, 14C=34,700±1600 BP
Layer: IIIe
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, cf Alectoris sp., Otis tarda
Date: LP Aurtignacian
Layer: IIIe'
Fauna: Anas crecca/querquedula, Alectoris graeca, Otis tarda
Date: LP Middle Aurignacian, 14C=31400±1000
Layer: IIIg
Fauna: Alectoris graeca
Date: LP Early Aurignacian, 14C=32,400±600 BP
Layer: IV
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, Alectoris cf graeca
Det: Bochenski, Tomek

GR 24 Kalo Choraphi Cave (Crete)

Type: c
Sources: Kuss 1965
Date: LP
Fauna: Columba sp.
Notes: A. k. a. Kalo Chorafi

HUNGARY

HU 70 Beremend 15 (Villány)

Type: c
Alt: 110
Sources: Jánossy 1987,1992
Date: EP ca 1.5 MA BP
Fauna: Ciconia stehlini, Anas crecca percrecca, Falco tinnunculus atavus, Francolinus minor, Francolinus capeki, Otis khosatzki beremendensis, Numenius cf arquata, Cuculus sp., Anthus sp., Serinus sp., Corvus janossyi
Det.: Jánossy

IRAQ

IRQ 5 Qermez Dere (Kurdistan)

Type: o
Alt: ca 350
Sources: Dobney, Beech & Jaques 1999
Date: LP/Hol c. 10,000 BP
Layer: Phase 2
Fauna: Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata, cf Pterocles orientalis, Alaudidae sp.
Layer: Phase 2.5
Fauna: Buteo buteo, cf Buteo rufinus, Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata, Alaudidae sp.
Layer: Phase 3
Fauna: cf Pernis apivorus, Buteo buteo, cf Buteo rufinus, Alectoris chukar, Chlamydotis undulata, Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata, cf Pterocles orientalis, Alaudidae sp.
Layer: Phase 4
Fauna: Buteo buteo, cf Ammoperdix griseogularis, Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata, cf Pterocles orientalis, Bubo bubo
Layer: Phase 5
Fauna: cf Buteo rufinus, Aquila rapax, Francolinus francolinus, Chlamydotis undulata, Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata, cf Pterocles orientalis
Layer: Phase 6
Fauna: Neophron percnopterus, Buteo buteo, cf Buteo rufinus, cf Alectoris chukar, cf Ammoperdix griseogularis, cf Francolinus francolinus, cf Anthropoides virgo, Chlamydotis undulata, Otis tarda, Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata, cf Pterocles orientalis, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Alaudidae sp.
Layer: Phase 7
Fauna: Neophron percnopterus, Buteo spp. Buteo buteo, cf Buteo rufinus, Aquila rapax, cf Ammoperdix griseogularis, Chlamydotis undulata, Otis tarda, Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata

ISRAEL

IS 37 Ohalo 2 (Galilee)

Type: o
Alt: -210
Sources: Simmons & Nadel 1998
Date: LP Early Epipalaeolithic 14C=19,400 BP
Fauna: Podiceps auritus, Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps grisegena, Podiceps nigricollis, Tachybaptus ruficollis, Phalacrocorax aristotelis, Phalacrocorax pygmaeus, Ardea cinerea, Ardea purpurea, Ardeola ralloides, Egretta garzetta, Platalea leucorodia, Plegadis falcinellus, Cygnus bewickii, Cygnus cygnus, Anser albifrons, Anser anser, Anser fabalis, Tadorna tadorna, Alopochen aegyptiacus, Anas acuta, Anas capensis, Anas clypeata, Anas crecca, Anas penelope, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Anas strepera, Aythya fuligula, Aythya marila, Netta rufina, Mergus merganser, Mergus serrator, Melanitta fusca, Bucephala clanga, Haliaeetus albicilla, Milvus migrans, Circus aeruginosus, Circus cyaneus, Accipiter nisus, Accipiter gentilis, Melierax metabates, Buteo rufinus, Buteo buteo, Aquila rapax, Falco tinnunculus, Falco columbarius, Falco biarmicus, Falco cherrug, Alectoris chukar, Ammoperdix heyi, Coturnix coturnix, Fulica atra, Porphyrio porphyrio, Tetrax tetrax, Otis tarda, Himantopus himantopus, Recurvirostra avosetta, Vanellus vanellus, Numenius phaeopus, Numenius arquata, Arenaria interpres, Larus minutus, Larus sabini, Larus argentatus, Bubo bubo, Strix aluco/butleri, Corvus corone, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus
Det: Simmons & Nadel

IS 38 Tabun (Mount Carmel)

Type: c
Sources: Stewart 1999, 2007
Date: MP? IS 5-9?
Layer; C, D, Eb
Fauna: Sturnus cf vulgaris
Det: Stewart

IS 39 Qumran Cave 24 (Dead Sea)

Type: c
Alt: -285
Sources: Recchi & Gopher 2002
Date: LP LG Natufian 10,000-11,000 BP
Layer: 2
Fauna: Podiceps nigricollis, Anser sp., Columba livia, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus sp., Corvus corone, Corvus monedula, Sturnus vulgaris
Det: Recchi

IS 40 Upper Besor 6 (Negev)

Type: o
Sources: Horwitz & Goring-Morris 2000
Date: LP LG Terminal Ramonian ca. 12,500 BP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

IS 41 Nahal Rut 48A-D (Negev)

Type: o
Sources: Gilead & Marder 1989
Date: LP Geometric Kebaran
Fauna: Struthio sp.

IS 42 el-Wad terrace (Mount Carmel)

Type: o
Alt: 44
Sources: Bar-Oz et al. 2004
Date: LP LG Late Natufian
Fauna: Alectoris chukar

IS 43 Amud cave (Galilee)

Type: c Alt: -110
Sources: Rabinovitch & Hovers 2004
Layer: B1
Date: LP, Mousterian, c. 55 KA BP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Alectoris chukar, Vanellus vanellus, Scolopax rusticola, Corvus corone, Corvus monedula
Det: Simmons?

IS 44 Hayonim terrace (Galilee)

Type: o Alt: 230
Sources: Munro 2001,2003
Date: LP LG Younger Dryas, Late Natufian
Fauna: Alectoris chukar, Strigiformes sp.
Det: Munro

IS 45 Hilazon Tachtit (Galilee)

Type: c
Sources: Munro 2001, 2003
Date: LP LG Younger Dryas, Late Natufian, 14C = 10,750±150 BP
Fauna: Anas sp., Buteo buteo, Alectoris chukar, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia, Strigiformes sp., Apus sp.
Det: Munro

IS 46 Hefzibah

Type: o
Sources: Munro & Bar-Oz 2004
Date: LP Geometric Kebaran, 14.5-17 KA BP
Fauna: Alectoris chukar
Det: Munro?

IS 47 Meged Rockshelter (Galilee)

Type: o
Sources: Stiner 2005
Date: LP Kebaran, 18-22 KA BP
Fauna: Aquila sp., Buteo buteo
Det: Stiner?

IS 48 Misliya Cave (Mount Carmel)

Type: c
Sources: Yeshurun et al. 2007
Date: MP Early Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Struthio sp., Alectoris chukar
Det; Yeshurun?

ITALY

IT 125 Castelcivita (Salerno)

Type: c
Alt: 100
Sources: Cassoli & Tagliacozzo 1997b
Date: LP Mousterian, 14C=39,100-42,700 BP
Layer: 18,19,20,21,29,30,31,GRA
Fauna: Anas querquedula, Anas strepera, Anas penelope, Alectoris graeca, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Limosa limosa, Columba oenas, Asio otus, Delichon urbica, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus merula, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Date: LP Uluzzian, 14C=32,470-33,220 BP
Layer: 10,11,11-12,12-13,13-14,14,15,16,17,18,
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Aythya nyroca, Falco subbuteo, Falco naumanni, Alectoris graeca, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Crex crex, Arenaria interpres, Gallinago media, Philomachus pugnax, Burhinus oedicnemus, Larus ridibundus, Columba oenas, Otus scops, Athene noctua, Strix aluco, Asio otus, Coracias garrulus, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus iliacus, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Date: LP Protoaurignacian with Dufour blades 14C=31,950-32,930 BP
Layer: 8,9,10,11
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anas strepera, Buteo buteo, Alectoris graeca, Perdix perdix, Crex crex, Pluvialis squatarola, Numenius phaeopus, Columba oenas, Strix aluco, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Turdus viscivorus, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Date: LP Protoaurignacian
Layer: 1,2,8
Fauna: Anas crecca, Alectoris graeca, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Crex crex, Larus ridibundus, Columba oenas, Strix aluco, Caprimulgus europaeus, Turdus viscivorus
Det: Cassoli & Tagliacozzo

IT 126 Contrada Fusco (Siracusa)

Type: o
Alt: 5
Sources: Cassoli & Tagliacozzo 1996, Pavia 2000, 2001
Date: Late MP - Early LP "Elephas mnaidrensis faunal complex", ESR = 146,800±28.700 BP
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps auritus, Phalacrocorax carbo, Pelecanus crispus, Ixobrychus minutus, Botaurus stellaris, Egretta garzetta, Ardea cinerea, Plegadis falcinellus, Cygnus falconeri, Anser sp., Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas clypeata, Anas sp. Aythya sp. Mergus merganser,Oxyura leucocephala, Anatidae indet., Buteo buteo, Gyps melitensis, Accipiter gentilis, Aquila sp., Pandion haliaetus, Falco columbarius, Fulica atra, Grus grus, Grus cf melitensis, Tetrax tetrax, Otis tarda, Limosa limosa/lapponica, Numenius cf phaeopus, Scolopax rusticola, Tringa sp., Pterocles orientalis, Columba livia/oenas, Bubo bubo, Strix aluco, Athene noctua, Apus melba, Coracias garrulus, Sturnus vulgaris/unicolor, Corvus corone
Det: Pavia, Cassoli, Tagliacozzi
Stored: Museo Archeologico "P. Orsi" di Siracusa

IT 127 Capo Figari (Sardegna)

Type: o
Alt: 313
Sources: Louchart 2002, Pavia 1999
Date: Late MP or early LP
Fauna: Scolopacidae sp., Bubo insularis, Turdus sp.
Det: Pavia

IT 128 Grotta Breuil (Latina)

Type: c
Sources: Recchi 1996
Date: LP, Mousterian/Pontinian, ESR=37,000 BP
Layer: 3
Fauna: Circus macrourus, Alectoris barbara, Alectoris graeca, Alectoris rufa, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia, Columba oenas, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur, Apus apus, Caprimulgus europaeus, Hirundo rustica, Prunella collaris, Prunella modularis, Turdus iliacus, Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Monticola solitarius, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus corone, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Sturnus vulgaris, Coccothraustes coccothraustes,
Layer: 4
Fauna: Accipiter gentilis, Falco tinnunculus, Alectoris rufa, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia, Columba oenas, Columba palumbus, Apus apus, Hirundo rustica, Prunella modularis, Turdus iliacus, Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos, Garrulus glandarius, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Pica pica, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Fringilla coelebs, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Carduelis chloris, Loxia curvirostra
Layer: 5
Fauna: Columba livia, Columba oenas, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur, Caprimulgus europaeus, Hirundo rustica, Turdus iliacus, Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Corvus corone, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: 6
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, Alectoris rufa, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia, Columba oenas, Hirundo rustica, Turdus merula, Garrulus glandarius, Pica pica, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Corvus corax, Corvus corone, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Layer: 7
Fauna: Alectoris rufa, Columba livia, Columba oenas, Columba palumbus, Turdus merula, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: 8
Fauna: Columba livia, Columba oenas, Columba palumbus, Athene noctua, Merops apiaster, Corvus corone, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: 9
Fauna: Columba livia, Columba oenas, Columba palumbus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Recchi

IT 129 Acquedolci (Sicilia)

Type: o
Alt: 140
Sources: Pavia 2000, 2001
Date: Late MP/Early LP "Elephas mnaidrensis faunal complex"
Fauna: Gyps melitensis
Det: Pavia

IT 130 Site K22 (Trapani)

Type: c
Alt: 55
Sources: Pavia 2000,2001
Date: Late MP/Early LP "Elephas mnaidrensis faunal complex"
Layer: 1-3
Fauna: Anas crecca/querquedula, Accipiter nisus, Coturnix coturnix, Columba palumbus, Strix aluco, Anthus sp., Erithacus rubecula, Turdus sp., Sylvia sp., Sturnus uncolor/vulgaris
Date: MP/LP
Layer: Unstratified
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Scolopax rusticola, Athene noctua
Det: Pavia

IT 131 Cretone (Roma)

Type: o Sources: Bedetti 2003, Di Canzio et al. 2002
Date: MP, probably IS 7
Layer: 3
Fauna: Anser cfanser, Corvus monedula, Pica pica, Passeriformes sp.
Det: Bedetti

IT 132 Grotta dei Fiori (Sardegna)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia & Bedetti 2002, 2003
Date: LP
Fauna: Ciconia nigra, Gypaetus barbatus, Aquila sp., Columba livia, Turdus viscivorus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus corax, Emberiza cirlus/schoeniclus
Det: Pavia & Bedetti

IT 133 Grotta delle Mura (Bari)

Type: c
Sources: Bedetti & Pavia 2003, Pavia 2000
Date: LP LG Epigravettian
Fauna: Phalacrocorax carbo, Anser anser, Anser sp., Branta sp., Perdix perdix, Tetrax tetrax, Otis tarda, Columba livia/oenas, Bubo bubo, Athene noctua, Upupa epops, Galerida cristata, Alauda arvensis, Sturnus vulgaris
Det: Pavia
Stored: Sezione di preistoria del Dipartimento di Archeologia dell'Università di Siena

IT 134 Cava Nuzzo (Lecce)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP IS 5
Fauna: Tadorna tadorna, Anas sp., Perdix perdix, Columba palumbus
Det: Pavia

IT 135 Cava L di San Sidero (Lecce)

Type: c
Sources: Bedetti, Pavia & Sardella. 2004, Pavia 2000, (de Giuli 1983)
Date: LP IS 5
Fauna: Alectoris rufa, Perdix perdix, Tetrax tetrax, Otis tarda, Charadriiformes sp., Athene noctua, Strigiformes indet., Pica pica, Corvus corone
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia dell'Università di Torino

IT 136 Grotta del Cavallo (Lecce)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP Uluzzian
Fauna: Branta sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas sp., Aythya sp., Falco columbarius, Perdix perdix, Tetrax tetrax, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Athene noctua, Alauda arvensis, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Det: Pavia

IT 137 Grotta della Serratura (Salerno)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP Tardiglacial
Layer: 8E
Fauna: Anser sp., Anas sp., Accipiter gentilis, Fulica atra, Tetrax tetrax, Columba livia/oenas, Turdus sp.
Layer: 8F
Fauna Anser sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Buteo buteo, Aquila sp., Falco tinnunculus, Porphyrio porphyrio, Fulica atra, Tetrax tetrax, Otis tarda, Numenius arquatus, Columba livia/oenas, Strix aluco, Bubo bubo, Athene noctua, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Coccothraustes coccothraustes.
Layer: 9
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Coturnix coturnix, Perdix perdix, Columba livia/oenas, Strix aluco, Hirundo daurica/rustica, Monticola sp., Turdus sp., Sturnus vulgaris, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corax
Det: Pavia
Stored: Sezione di preistoria del Dipartimento di Archeologia dell'Università di Siena

IT 138 Grotta Vascio o'funno (Napoli)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP Tardiglacial
Layer: 1
Fauna: Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Columba livia/oenas, Turdus sp., Garrulus glandarius
Layer: 2
Fauna: Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Turdus sp., Turdidae sp., Sylviidae sp.
Layer: 4
Fauna: Anas crecca/querquedula, Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Turdus sp.
Det: Pavia

IT 139 Grotta di Poggio Schinaldi (Palermo)

Type: c
Alt: 125
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: MP "Elephas falconeri faunal complex"
Fauna: Buteo buteo, Falco eleonorae, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Tyto n. sp., Athene trinacriae, Turdidae sp., Pica pica, Corvus corax
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Geologico "G. G. Gemmellaro" di Palermo

IT 140 Grotta Marasà (Palermo)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000, 2004, 2007
Date: MP, Early MP, �Elephas falconeri� faunal complex
Fauna: Phalacrocorax aristotelis, Anser anser, Branta cf ruficollis, Tadorna tadorna, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas clypeata, Anas sp., Aythya cf nyroca, Aythya sp., Anatidae indet., Accipiter nisus, Accipitridae indet., Falco subbuteo, Falco sp., Alectoris graeca, Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Crex crex, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur, Tyto mourerchauvireae, Bubo bubo, Strix aluco, Athene trinacriae, Aegolius martae, Asio sp. Apus apus/pallidus, Picus viridis, Dendrocopos leucotos, Hirundo daurica/rustica, Delichon urbica, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus corone, Corvus corax, Corvidae n. sp., Sturnus unicolor/vulgaris, Carduelis sp., Passeriformes indet.
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Geologico "G. G. Gemmellaro" di Palermo

IT 141 Grotta del Ponte (Palermo), Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia of the University of Torino (PU)

Type: c
Alt: 90
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: MP "Elephas falconeri faunal complex"?
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Limosa limosa/lapponica, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Athene trinacriae, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula, Corvidae n. sp., Sturnus unicolor/vulgaris, Carduelis chloris
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Geologico "G. G. Gemmellaro" di Palermo

IT 142 Contrada Annunziata (Ragusa)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: MP "Elephas falconeri faunal complex"
Fauna: Cygnus equitum, Anser sp., Anatidae indet., Grus grus, Grus melitensis, Scolopax rusticola, Charadriiformes indet., Turdus sp., Passeriformes indet.
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Comiso

IT 143 Comiso (Ragusa)

Type: o
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: MP "Elephas falconeri faunal complex", probably early MP
Fauna: Cygnus cf cygnus, Anser sp., Tadorna tadorna, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas sp., Aythya sp., Anatidae indet., Fulica atra, Grus cf melitensis, Numenius cf phaeopus, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur, Corvidae n. sp., Passeriformes indet.
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Comiso

IT 144 Casa Musenna (Ragusa)

Type: o
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: MP "Elephas falconeri faunal complex"?
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Comiso

IT 145 Contrada Pianetti (Ragusa)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP, IS 3?
Layer: Fessura B
Fauna: Anatidae indet., Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis cf apricaria, Columba livia/oenas, Athene noctua, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Comiso

IT 146 Grotta di S. Teodoro (Messina)

Type: c
Alt: 150
Sources: Pavia 2000
Layer: Unit B
Date: LP, IS 2-4
Fauna: Branta sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco columbarius, Coturnix coturnix, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia/oenas, Hirundinidae indet., Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Pavia

IT 147 Grotta della Za Minica (Palermo)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP, IS 3?
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, Rallus aquaticus, Columba livia/oenas, Athene cf noctua, Corvidae indet.
Det: Pavia

IT 148 Grotta delle Stalattiti o delle Pecore (Trapani)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP?
Layer: Level 2 Fauna: Calonectris diomedea, Puffinus yelkouan, Phalacrocorax aristotelis, Accipiter gentilis, Accipitridae indet., Falco naumanni, Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Alectoris graeca, Tetrax tetrax, Cuculus canorus, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Athene noctua, Apus apus/pallidus, Picus viridis, Hirundo daurica/rustica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corone, Corvidae indet., Sturnus unicolor/vulgaris, Carduelis chloris, Emberiza sp.
Det: Pavia
Stored: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra (Università “La Sapienza”) di Roma.
Notes: A. k. a. Grotta del Faraglione

IT 149 San Maria d'Agnano (Puglia)

Type: c
Sources: Angelone et al. 2004.
Date: LP, 24-80 KA BP
Fauna: Ardeidae sp., Anser sp., Tadorna tadorna, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca, Anas sp., Buteo buteo, Falco sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco subbuteo, Falco columbarius, Alectoris cfr. A. greca, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Fulica atra, Columba livia, Columba palumbus, Asio sp., Athene noctua, Stix aluco, Coracias garrulus, Picus viridis, Sturnus vulgaris, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corone,Corvus corax, Passeriformes indet.
Det: Pavia

IT 150 Caverna Generosa (Lombardia)

Type: c
Alt: 1450
Sources: Bona 2004, Bona et al. 2007
Date: LP, 38-50 KA BP
Layer: Galerie 3
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix
Det: Pavia
Note: A. k. a. Grotta dell'Orso, Grotta Generosa

IT 151 Riparo Mochi (Liguria)

Type: c
Sources: Stiner, Munro & Surovell 2000
Date: LP UP Early Aurignacian, 14C=32,280�580 BP
Fauna: Anseriformes, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia
Det: Recchi

IT 152 Pietrafitta (Perugia)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003, Bedetti & Pavia 2004a, Zucchetta, Gentile & Pavia 2004
Date: EP, MN 18, ca 1.5 MA BP
Fauna: Podiceps griseigena, Phalacrocorax cf carbo, Ixobrychus sp., Cygnus aff columbianus, Anas penelope, Anas clypeata, Anas crecca/querquedula, Aythya sepulta, Aythya aretina, Mergus merganser, Mergus serrator, Anatidae sp., Rallidae sp., Gallus nov. sp.
Det: Bedetti, Pavia
Stored: stabilimento del'Enel di Pietrafitta.

IT 153 Torre Picchio (Terni)

Type: o
Alt: 300
Sources: Bedetti 2003, Girotti et al. 2003
Date: EP, MN 18, ca 1.7-1.8 MA BP, S. Maria di Ciciliano Formation
Fauna: Ciconia nigra, Hieraaetus nov. sp.
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Museo Paleontologico “Ex Chiesa di S. Tommaso”, Terni
Note: A. k. a. Torre di Picchio

IT 154 Bacino Tiberino (Terni)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: EP, MN 18, ca 1.7-1.8 MA BP
Fauna: Phalacrocorax sp., Bubo bubo
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Museo Paleontologico “Ex Chiesa di S. Tommaso”, Terni

IT 155 Monte Riccio (Viterbo)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: EP, MN 18, ca 1.7-1.8 MA BP
Fauna: Bubo bubo
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Museo civico di Tolfa.

IT 156 Cave Pirro-dell'Erba (Foggia)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: EP, MNQ 19, ca 1.3 - 1.7 MA BP
Fauna: Geronticus eremita, Ciconiiformes sp., Anseriformes sp., Anatidae sp., Anser albifrons, Anser sp., Branta bernicla, Tadorna ferruginea, Anas penelope/clypeata, Anas clypeata, Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas sp, Aythya sp., Oxyura sp., Falco subbuteo, Falco peregrinus, Alectoris rufa, Alectoris sp., Alectoris/Perdix sp., Perdix nov. sp., Paleocryptonyx donnezanii, Galliformes sp., Grus grus, Otis tarda, Tetrax tetrax, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis apricaria, Scolopax rusticola, Numenius phaeopus/ tenuirostris, Tringa totanus, Tringa sp., Philomachus pugnax, Larus canus, Charadriiformes sp., Pterocles orientalis, Columba livia, Tyto aff. alba, Bubo bubo, Athene noctua, Jynx torquilla, Melanocorypha calandra, Calandrella brachydactyla, Galerida cristata, Alauda arvensis, Alaudidae sp., Anthus sp., Turdus sp., Turdidae indet., Sylvia cf. communis, Sylvidae sp., Garrulus glandarius, Pica pica, Pica pica/Garrulus glandarius, Pyrrhocorax graculus/Corvus monedula, Corvus pliocaenus, Corvidae sp., Sturnus sp., Fringillidae sp.
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università di Bari, il Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università degli di Roma “La Sapienza”, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università di Torino.

IT 157 Monte Peglia (Terni)

Type: c
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: EP, MNQ 20, ca 1.0 MA BP
Fauna: Hieraaetus nov. sp., Aquila sp., Accipitridae indet., Falco antiquus, Coturnix coturnix, Perdix sp., Columba livia minuta, Corvus pliocaenus
. Det: Segre, Bedetti
Stored: l'Istituto di Paleontologia Umana.

IT 158 Casal Selce (Roma)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: MP, Early MP, ca 600-700 KA BP
Fauna: Egretta garzetta, Plegadis falcinellus, Platalea leucorodia, Tadorna tadorna, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas penelope/clypeata, Aythya nyroca, Aythya fuligula, cf. Somateria sp., Mergus sp., Anatidae sp., Haliaaetus albicilla, Accipiter nisus, Buteo buteo, Perdix sp., Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Haematopus ostralegus, Scolopax rusticola, Charadriiformes sp., Columba palumbus, Alaudidae sp., Turdus philomelos/ iliacus, Turdus sp., cf. Sylviidae sp., Pica pica, Corvus corone/frugilegus,Passeriformes indet.
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università di Roma “La Sapienza”.

IT 159 Pagliare de Sassa (Abruzzo)

Type: c
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: MP, Early MP, ca 600-700 KA BP
Fauna: Anas sp.
Det: Bedetti

IT 160 Colle del Quirinale (Lazio)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: MP, <450 KA BP
Fauna: Anser anser, Anas platyrhynchos
Det: Bedetti

IT 161 Via Aurelia, KM 18.900 (Lazio)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: MP, late MP
Fauna: Anser anser
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Istituto di Paleontologia Umana.

IT 162 Prati Fiscali (Lazio)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: MP, late MP, IS 7
Fauna: Anser sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Oxyura leucocephala, Galliformes sp., Grus grus
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Museo di Paleontologia dell'Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”

IT 163 Monte Tuttavista (Sardegna)

Type: c
Alt: 836
Sources: Abbazi et al. 2004
Date: EP, Nesogoral fauna complex
Layer: Cave VII, Quarry Blocco Strada
Fauna: Strigidae sp.
Date: EP, Nesogoral fauna complex
Layer: Cave VI, Quarry 3
Fauna: Anatidae sp., Aquila sp., Accipitridae sp., Rallidae sp. 1, Rallidae sp. 2, Athene sp., Aves indet.
Date: Latest EP – Early MP
Layer: Cave X, Quarry 3 uccelli
Fauna: Alauda cf arvensis, Melanocorypha cf calandra, Carduelis chloris, Passeriformes sp.
Date: MP/LP, Praemegaceros-Tyrrhenicola fauna complex
Layer: Cave XI, Quarry canide
Fauna: Accipitridae sp., Bubo cf insularis, Strigidae sp., Pyrrhocorax sp., Passeriformes sp., Aves indet. Date: MP/LP, Praemegaceros-Tyrrhenicola fauna complex Layer: Cave XI, Quarry dic. 2001 Fauna: Anatidae sp., Athene sp., Pyrrhocorax sp., Turdus sp., Emberiza sp., Passeriformes sp., Aves indet. Date: MP/LP, Praemegaceros-Tyrrhenicola fauna complex Layer: Cave XI, Quarry 3 Fauna: Rallidae sp. 2, Hirundinidae sp. Date: LP, youngest fauna complex Layer: Cave VI, Quarry Banco 6 Fauna: Aquila sp., Buteo cf buteo, Accipitridae sp., Coturnix coturnix, Rallidae sp., Columba livia, Bubo cf insularis, Athene sp., Strigidae sp., Hirundinidae sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax sp., Corvus cf corone, Corvidae sp., Turdus sp., Muscicapa sp., Sylviidae sp., Sturnus sp., Passeriformes sp., Aves indet. Date: LP, youngest fauna complex Layer: Cave 7, Quarry 2 Fauna: Aquila sp., Coturnix coturnix, Bubo cf insularis, Pyrrhocorax sp., Corvidae sp., Sturnus sp., Carduelis chloris, Passeriformes sp., Aves indet. Det: Pavia Stored: Soprintedenzia par Beni Archeologici, Nuoro and Archaeological Museum of Nuoro

IT 164 Riparo Dalmeri (Trento)

Type: c Alt: 1240
Sources: Fiore & Tagliacozzi 2006
Date: LP, LG Epigravettian 14C = 11,000±115 BP (layer 26b)
Layer: 26c
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus cf lagopus, Lagopus cf mutus, Coturnix coturnix
Det: Gala & Tagliacozzo

IT 165 Grotta Continenza (L'Aquila)

Type: c Alt: 710
Sources: Alhaique et al. 2004
Date: LP-Hol Final Epigravettian-Sauveterrian, 14C= 9,300 – 11,500 BP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Aythya ferina, Fulica atra

IT 166 Tane delle Iene (Brindisi)

Type: c
Sources: Petronio et al. 2006
Date: LP ca 50 KA BP
Layer: US 8
Fauna: Otis tarda, Falco sp., Accipitridae sp.
Det: Gala & Tagliacozzo

IT 167 Avetrana (Taranto)

Type: c
Sources: Sardella et al. 2003
Date: LP?
Layer: 1
Fauna: Perdix perdix, Columba livia, Athene noctua, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Pavia

IT 168 Riparo Cogola (Trento)

Type: c
Alt: 1070
Sources: Fiore & Tagliacozzi 2004
Date: LP-Hol 14C =9,820 � 10,640 BP
Layer: US 18,19,25
Fauna: Anseriformes sp., Tetrao tetrix, Galliformes sp., Passeriformes sp.
Det: Fiore & Tagliacozzo

IT 169 Grotta di Ortucchio (Aquila)

Type: c
Sources: Alhaique & Recchi n. d.
Date: LP Upper Palaeolithic
Fauna: Podicipediformes sp., Anseriformes sp., Anatidae sp., Branta bernicla, Aythya sp., Accipitriformes sp., Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Galliformes sp., Gallinula chloropus, Columba livia, Corvidae sp., Passeriformes sp.
Det: Recchi?
Note: 45 species of birds in all.

JAPAN

JA 20 Awa fissure (Okinawa)

Type: c
Sources: Matsuoka 2000
Date: LP
Fauna: Gallirallus okinawae, Scolopax mira
Det: Matsuoka
Stored: Chokei Kishaba pers. coll., National Science Museum, Tokyo

JA 21 Ihajo fissure (Okinawa)

Type: c
Sources: Matsuoka 2000
Date: LP
Fauna: Grus sp. nov., Sapheopipo noguchi
Det: Matsuoka
Stored: Chokei Kishaba pers. coll., National Science Museum, Tokyo

JA 22 Yudore B fissure (Okinawa)

Type: c
Sources: Matsuoka 2000
Date: LP
Fauna: Scolopax mira
Det: Matsuoka
Stored: Chokei Kishaba pers. coll., National Science Museum, Tokyo

JA 23 Kami-kurukubaru fissure (Okinawa)

Type: c
Sources: Matsuoka 2000
Date: LP
Fauna: Grus sp. nov., Rallina eurizonoides
Det: Matsuoka
Stored: Chokei Kishaba pers. coll., National Science Museum, Tokyo, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University

JA 24 Garabi-dou cave (Okinawa)

Type: c
Sources: Matsuoka 2000
Date: LP
Fauna: Gallirallus okinawae
Det: Matsuoka
Stored: Chokei Kishaba pers. coll., National Science Museum, Tokyo

JA 25 Ishisukuyama fissure (Ishigaki)

Type: c
Sources: Matsuoka 2000
Date: LP
Fauna: Anatidae sp., Rallina eurizonoides, Amaurornis phoenicurus, Streptopelia orientalis, Clumbidae sp., cf Otus manadensis, cf Strix uralensis, Hypsipetes amaurotis, Turdus pallidus, Fringillidae sp., Corvus connectens
Det: Matsuoka
Stored: Okinawa Prefectural Museum

JA 26 Kuzu� (Aso)

Type; c
Sources: Shikama 1937
Layer: Upper Kuzu� frm
Date: LP?
Fauna: Phasianus sp.
Notes: From sites Miyata Cave 1-2, Tuidi, Iduruhara

JORDANIA

JO 11 Wadi Mataha (Petra)

Type: o
Sources. Whitcher et al. 2000
Date: LP 10,300 - 14,500 BP
Fauna: Alectoris sp.

LIBYA

LB 2 Haua Fteah (Cyrenaica)

Type: c
Sources: MacDonald 1998, McBurney 1967
Layer: XI-XV
Date: LP, Iberomaurusian, 10,600-20,000 BP
Fauna: Struthio camelus, Geronticus eremita, Anas sp. Buteo buteo, Falco tinnunculus, Alectoris barbara, Tringa cf nebularia, Columba livia/oenas, Turdus sp.
Layer: XIV-XVII
Date: LP, Early Iberomaurusian – Late Dabban, 16,000-32,000(?) BP
Fauna: Alectoris barbara, Columba livia/oenas, Corvus monedula
Layer: XVI-XXI
Date: LP, Late Dabban, 20,000-40.000(?) BP
Fauna: Falco cf naumanni, Numenius cf phaeopus, Columba livia/oenas, Sturnus sp.
Layer: XXII-XXV
Date: LP, Early Dabban, 40,000-60,000(?) BP
Fauna: Columba livia/oenas, Turdus sp., Turdus/Sturnus sp.
Layer: XXV-XXVIII
Date: LP, Early Dabban – Late Mousterian, 32,000-70,000(?) BP
Fauna: Geronticus eremita, Alectoris barbara, Columba livia/oenas
Layer: XXVI-XXX
Date: LP, Late Mousterian, 60,000-70,000(?) BP
Fauna: Circaetus gallicus, Columba livia/oenas, Turdus sp., Corvus albus/ruficollis
Layer: XXXI-XXXV
Date: LP, Early Mousterian, 70,000-105,000(?) BP
Fauna: Anas clypeata, Aythya cf nyroca, Falco tinnunculus, Falco eleonorae, Falco cherrug, Alectoris barbara, Vanellus vanellus, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Apus melba, Turdus sp., Loxia curvirostra
Layer: DS 49-179
Date: LP, Pre-Aurignacian, >105,000(?) BP
Fauna: Anas sp., Falco sp., Alectoris barbara, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Apus apus/pallidus, Turdus sp.
Det: MacDonald

LB 3 El Greifa E, Wadi el Adjal (Fezzan)

Type: o
Sources: Bednarik 1997
Date: MP U/Th ca 200 KA BP
Fauna: Struthio sp.
Notes: Eggshell

MALTA

MA 11 Mista Cavern

Type: c
Sources: Borg 1999
Fauna: Corvus monedula
Stored: BMNH

MA 12 Zebbug fissure

Type: c
Sources: Borg 1999
Fauna: Cygnus falconeri

MOLDOVA

MO 6 Vykhvatintsy cave

Type: c
Sources: Ganya 1971
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Perdix perdix, Columba cf livia, Turdus merula, Corvus monedula
Det: Ganya?

MO 7 Chishmikoi

Type: o
Sources: David et al. 1990
Date: EP
Fauna: Ardea sp., Tetrao tetrix, Palaeoperdix sp., Charadriiformes 2 spp., Rallidae 2 spp., Strix aluco, Corvus sp.

MONTENEGRO

MN 3 Trebacki krs

Type: c
Sources: Dimitrijevic, Gál & Kessler 2000
Date: LP, LUP Epigravettian
Layer: Ib
Fauna: Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Gallinago gallinago, Apus apus, Galerida cristata, Lullula arborea, Lanius minor, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus merula, Turdus pilaris, Turdus philomelos, Turdus cf torquatus, Turdus sp., Luscinia luscinia, Sturnus vulgaris, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Pinicola enucleator, Emberiza citrinella, Passeriformes sp.
Layer: II
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Crex crex, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Delichon urbica, Sturnus vulgaris, Fringilla montifringilla, Fringilla cf coelebs, Carduelis chloris, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Emberiza citrinella, Passer domesticus, Passeriformes sp.
Det: Gál & Kessler

MOROCCO

MR 6 Aïn Maarouf

Type: o
Sources: Geraads & Amani 1997, Geraads, Amani & Hublin 1992
Date: MP, Early MP, 700-800 KA BP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

MR 7 El Harhoura 1

Type: o
Sources: Aouraghe 2000
Date: LP Aterian, IS 3, TL=41,160±3,500 BP
Fauna: Struthio camelus

NETHERLANDS

NE 4 't Hospes (Overijssel)

Type: o
Sources: Bosscha Erdbrink 1998
Date: LP 14C=38,300±900 BP
Fauna: Cygnus bewickii
Det.: Bosscha Erdbrink

NE 5 Losser (Overijssel)

Type: o
Sources: Geel et al. 2006, Hanneke Meijer 2003, pers. com. and n. d.
Date: LP Middle Weichselian 14C=42,000-44,000 BP
Fauna: Gavia stellata, Cygnus cf bewickii, Anser anser, Anser albifrons, Branta leucopsis, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas sp., Mergus sp., Aythya cf marila, Aythya sp., Melanitta nigra, Haliaeetus albicilla, Haematopus ostralegus, Vanellus vanellus, Gallinago megala, Uria cf aalge, Tetraonidae sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp.
Det.: Meijer
Notes: Also known as Holt-und-Haar.

NORWAY

NO 3 Hamnsundhelleren (Sunnmöre)

Type: c
Alt: 60
Sources: Valen et al. 1996
Date: LP Ålesund interstadial 14C=28-32 KA BP
Fauna: Fulmarus glacialis, Branta/Anser sp., Somateria mollissima, Somateria spectabilis, Melanitta nigra, Melanitta fusca, Clangula hyemalis, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Alle alle, Alca torda, Uria sp., Cepphus grylle, Fratercula arctica, Plectrophenax nivalis
Det: Hufthammer.
Note: A few birds (probably including Alle alle) also from Hamnsund interstadial (ca 24.5 KA BP)

NO 4 Norcemgrotta (Nordland)

Type: c
Sources: Hufthammer 2001, Lauritzen et al. 1996
Date: LP Early Weichselian, 70+ KA BP
Layer: Ursus-horizon
Fauna: Phalacrocorax carbo, Somateria sp., Lagopus mutus

NO 5 Endletvatn (And�ya)

Type: o
Sources: Elverland et al. 2005
Date: LP Late Weichselian 18 KA BP
Fauna: Alle alle
Date: LP Late Weichselian 13 KA BP
Fauna: Alle alle
Det: Hufthammer.

OUTER MONGOLIA

MG 3 Tsagan-Agui Cave (Gobian Altai)

Type: c
Sources: Derevianko & Petrin 1995, Martynovich 2001,2002, Panteleyev 1997, 1998, 1999
Date: LP Latest Middle Palaeolithic or Earliest Upper Palaeolithic
Layer: Terrace Zone, Layer VI
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Aythya fuligula, Perdix daurica, Charadrius mongolus, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Athene noctua, Eremophila alpestris, Melanocorypha sp., Lanius sp., Oenanthe sp., Petronia petronia, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Date: LP Latest Middle Palaeolithic or Earliest Upper Palaeolithic
Layer: Terrace Zone, Layer V
Fauna: Anas sp., Anas cf querquedula, Falco tinnunculus, Charadrius mongolus, Scolopax rusticola, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Columba rupestris, Cuculus canorus, Athene noctua, Apus apus, Eremophila alpestris, Calandrella cinerea, Melanocorypha sp., Turdus sp., Petronia petronia, Bucanetes mongolicus, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Date: LP
Layer: Terrace Zone, Layer III
Fauna: Perdix daurica, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Athene noctua, Eremophila alpestris, Calandrella cinerea, Turdus cf ruficollis, Petronia petronia, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Date: LP
Layer: Terrace Zone, Layer II
Fauna: Falco naumanni, Perdix daurica, Charadrius mongolus, Scolopax rusticola, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Bubo bubo, Athene noctua, Asio cf flammeus, Eremophila alpestris, Calandrella cinerea, Turdus cf ruficollis, Monticola saxatilis, Petronia petronia, Bucanetes mongolicus, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Date: LP Latest Middle Palaeolithic or Earliest Upper Palaeolithic
Layer: Entrance Grotto, Layer 8
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos, Falco tinnunculus, Perdix daurica, Charadrius mongolus, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Columba rupestris, Athene noctua, Apus apus, Eremophila alpestris, Calandrella cinerea, Petronia petronia, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Date: LP Latest Middle Palaeolithic or Earliest Upper Palaeolithic
Layer: Entrance Grotto, Layer 7
Fauna: Charadrius mongolus, Scolopax rusticola, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Eremophila alpestris, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Date: LP Latest Middle Palaeolithic or Earliest Upper Palaeolithic
Layer: Entrance Grotto, Layer 5
Fauna: Anas cf querquedula, Perdix daurica, Charadrius mongolus, Scolopax rusticola, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Eremophila alpestris, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Date: LP
Layer: Entrance Grotto, Layer 3
Fauna: Struthio sp., Charadrius mongolus, Scolopax rusticoila, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Athene noctua, Apus apus, Eremophila alpestris, Galerida cristata, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Det.: Martynovich.
Date: LP, 32-55 KA BP
Layer: Large Grotto
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Aquila chrysaetos, Falco tinnunculus, Falco cherrug, Alectoris chukar, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Columba rupestris, Athene noctua, Bubo bubo, Apus apus, Eremophila alpestris, Saxicola torquata, Turdus cf. naumanni, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Emberiza cf. cioides, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Petronia petronia
Det.: PanteleyevStored: Dept. of Ornithology, Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg
Notes: A. k. a. Tsagaan Agui

MG 4 Mogoj-Upagijn-Khets (Dornogov')

Type: o
Source: Mikhailov & Kurochkin 1988
Date: Pleistocene
Fauna Struthio sp.

MG 5 Ongon (Sukhebator)

Type: o
Source: Mikhailov & Kurochkin 1988
Date: Pleistocene
Fauna Struthio sp.

MG 6 Naran-Bulak (Ömnögov')

Type: o
Source: Mikhailov & Kurochkin 1988
Date: Pleistocene
Fauna Struthio sp.

MG 7 Tugrikijn-Us (Ömnögov')

Type: o
Source: Mikhailov & Kurochkin 1988
Date: Pleistocene
Fauna Struthio sp.

MG 8 Bain-Dzak (Ömnögov')

Type: o
Source: Mikhailov & Kurochkin 1988
Date: Pleistocene
Fauna Struthio sp.

MG 9 Tsagan Nor area (Ömnögov')

Type: o
Source: AMNH Catalog
Date: Pleistocene
Fauna: Struthio sp.

POLAND

PO 33 Deszczowa Cave

Type: c
Source: Cyrek et al. 2000
Layer: I/Ia
Date: LP Early Weichselian
Fauna: Anas clypeata, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus sp.
Layer: I/II/Ia/IIa
Date: LP Early Weichselian
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Scolopacidae sp.
Layer: III/IIIa
Date: LP Early Weichselian
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus sp., Gallinago gallinago, Scolopacidae sp.
Layer: IV/IVa
Date: LP Early Weichselian, Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Anser anser/albifrons, Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Limosa limosa, Scolopacidae sp., Corvus monedula
Layer: IV/V/IVa/Va
Date: LP Early Weichselian/Interpleniglacial Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Pluvialis squatarola
Layer: V/Va
Date: LP Interpleniglacial, Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Larus cf ridibundus, Scolopacidae sp.
Layer: V/VI/Va/VIa
Date: LP Interpleniglacial/Upper pleniglacial
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp.
Layer: VI/VIa
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial, Middle Palaeolithic, 14C=44,000 BP
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Corvidae sp. (small)
Layer: VII/VIIa
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial, Aurignacian 14C=26,200 BP
Fauna: Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Coturnix coturnix, Gallinago media, Philomachus pugnax, Scolopacidae sp., Strix aluco, cf Picus viridis, Corvus corax, Corvus monedula, Garrulus glandarius
Layer: VIII/VIIIa
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial, Gravettian 14C=16,150-20,800 BP
Fauna: Branta bernicla, Aythya sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Perdix perdix, Limosa limosa, Scolopacidae sp., Corvus monedula
Layer: VIII-IX/VIIIa-IXa
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial/Late Glacial
Fauna: Scolopax rusticola, Pluvialis squatarola, Strix aluco
Layer: VIII-X/VIIIa-Xa
Date: LP/Hol Upper Pleniglacial/Holocene
Fauna: Gallus gallus, Pluvialis squatarola, Strix aluco, Asio otus, Garrulus glandarius
Layer: IX/IXa
Date: LP Late Glacial
Fauna: Falco sp., cf Pandion haliaetus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Limosa limosa, Pluvialis apricaria, Philomachus pugnax
Layer: IX-X/IXa-Xa
Date: LP/Hol Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Perdix perdix, Gallus gallus, Scolopacidae sp.
Layer: X/Xa
Date: LG/Holocene, Late Palaeolithic/Early Mesolithic
Fauna: Gallus gallus
Layer: XI/XIa
Date: LG/Holocene, Late Palaeolithic/Early Mesolithic
Fauna: Pluvialis squatarola
Det: Bochenski & Tomek

PO 34 Deszczowa Upper Rock Shelter

Type: c
Source: Cyrek et al. 2000
Layer: III/IV
Date: LP Early Weichselian
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix
Layer: IV
Date: LP Early Weichselian
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix
Layer: VIII
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial
Fauna: Branta bernicla, Anser anser/albifrons, cf Melanitta fusca, Melanitta nigra, Anas crecca/querquedula, Mergus merganser, Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Galliformes sp., Gallinago gallinago, Gallinago media, Scolopacidae sp., Corvus monedula, Corvidae sp. (small)
Layer: IX
Date: LP Late Glacial
Fauna: Mergus merganser, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp.
Layer: IX/X
Date: LP Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Anas clypeata, Mergus merganser, Falco tinnunculus, Falco naumanni/vespertinus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Crex crex, Scolopacidae sp., Corvus corax, Corvus monedula
Layer: X
Date: LP Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus sp.
Layer: XI
Date: LP Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Scolopacidae sp., Corvus corax
Layer: Unstratified
Date: LP/Holocene
Fauna: Anser sp., cf Melanitta fusca, Anas platyrhynchos, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Gallinago media, Scolopax rusticola, Corvus corax, Turdus philomelos
Det: Bochenski & Tomek

PO 35 Oblazowa Cave (Nowy Sacz)

Type: c
Alt: 670
Sources: Bochenski 2002, Tomek & Bochenski 1995, Tomek, Bochenski & Bochenski 2003
Layer: XX-XXI
Date: LP Early Glacial (XXI ca 100-105 KA BP), Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Asio flammeus
Layer: XIII-XIX, Middle Palaeolithic
Date: LP Early Glacial (including IS 5a)
Fauna: Anas crecca, Mergus merganser, Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Pluvialis cf apricaria, Numenius cf phaeopus, Tringa glareola. Aegolius funereus, Dendrocopos major,Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Anthus cf trivialis, Anthus sp., Oenanthe sp., Turdus cf philomelos, Turdus sp. Carduelis chloris
Layer: XII-XIX, Middle Palaeolithic
Date: LP Early Glacial/ Lower Pleniglacial
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Vanellus vanellus, Gallinago media
Layer: XII
Date: LP Lower Pleniglacial (IS 4)
Fauna: Lagopus sp., Gallinago gallinago, Gallinago sp.
Layer: X-XII
Date: LP Lower Pleniglacial/Interpleniglacial
Fauna: Anas querquedula/crecca, Falco cf tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Charadriiformes sp., Turdus iliacus
Layer: VIII-XI, 14C=30,600-32,400 BP (layer VIII), Upper Palaeolithic (VIII,XI)
Date: LP Interpleniglacial
Fauna: Cygnus sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca, Anas querquedula/crecca, Aythya cf fuligula, Melanitta nigra, Falco tinnunculus, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Falco naumanni/vespertinus, Falco rusticolus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Porzana porzana, Crex crex, Grus grus, cf Glareola sp., Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallinago gallinago,Gallinago media, Philomachus pugnax, Tringa sp., Larus canus, Cuculus canorus, Bubo bubo, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Anthus cf trivialis, Cinclus cinclus, Turdus cf pilaris, Turdus cf philomelos, Turdus philomelos/iliacus, Turdus viscivorus, Turdidae sp., Parus major, Garrulus glandarius, Pica pica, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Corvus monedula, Corvus corax, Sturnus vulgaris, Carduelis chloris, Carduelis sp., cf Montifringilla nivalis, cf Emberiza calandra
Layer: II-XI (mixed)
Date: LP Interpleniglacial/ Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Mergus merganser, Falco cf tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus,Tetrao tetrix, Gallinago media, Tringa sp., Corvus monedula
Layer: VII
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Porzana porzana, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallinago gallinago, Asio flammeus, Dendrocopos major, cf Galerida cristata, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Delichon urbica, Anthus sp., Turdus merula, Parus cristatus, Emberiza citrinella, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula
Layer: II-VII (mixed)
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial/Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Anas cf platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Falco cf tinnunculus, Falco cf rusticolus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Scolopax rusticola, Tringa sp., Stercorarius parasiticus, Asio flammeus, Alauda arvensis, Turdus sp., Parus major
Layer: II-V, Upper Palaeolithic (III, V)
Date: LP Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Branta leucopsis, Branta bernicla, Anas cf penelope, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca, Anas querquedula/crecca, Clangula hyemalis, Melanitta nigra, Mergus merganser, Falco tinnunculus, Falco peregrinus, Falco sp., Bonasa bonasia, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus,Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Coturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus,Porzana porzana, Porzana cf parva, Crex crex, Otis tarda, Pluvialis apricaria, Pluvialis squatarola, Philomachus pugnax, Gallinago gallinago, Gallingo media, Numenius phaeopus, Tringa erythropus,Tringa totanus, Tringa glareola, cf Arenaria interpres, Alle alle, Columba palumbus, Bubo bubo, Strix aluco, Asio flammeus, Dendrocopos major, Galerida cristata, Lullula arborea, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo rustica, Anthus cf trivialis, Anthus sp., Bombycilla garrulus, Troglodytes troglodytes, Turdus cf merula, Turdus pilaris, Turdus philomelos, Turdus philomelos/iliacus, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus sp., Parus ater, Parus cristatus, Parus major, Sitta europaea, Pica pica, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Loxia sp., Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Emberiza citrinella, cf Emberiza calandra, Montifringilla nivalis, Fringillidae sp.
Layer: I-II (mixed)
Date: LP Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca, Anas querquedula/crecca, Melanitta nigra, Mergus merganser, Falco tinnunculus, Falco peregrinus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus,Tetrao tetrix,Gallus gallus, Porzana cf parva, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallingo media, Numenius phaeopus, Tringa totanus, Charadriiformes sp., Glaucidium passerinum, Apus apus, Jynx torquilla, Galerida cristata, Lullula arborea, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo rustica, Anthus trivialis, Anthus cf trivialis, , Anthus spinoletta, Anthus sp., Lanius cf excubitor, Lanius collurio, Saxicola rubetra, cf Oenanthe sp., Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos/iliacus, Turdus viscivorus, Ficedula cf parva, Parus palustris, Parus caeruleus, Parus major, Sitta europaea, Pica pica, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Sturnus vulgaris, Loxia sp., Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Emberiza citrinella, Emberitza calandra, cf Montifringilla nivalis
Layer XXII (unstratified)
Date: LP, Middle & Upper Palaeolithic
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus mutus, Crex crex
Layer: Unstratified
Date: LP
Fauna: Clangula hyemalis, Mergus merganser, Falco tinnunculus, Falco naumanni/vespertinus Bonasa bonasia, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Philomachus pugnax, Gallinago gallinago, Gallinago media, Tringa sp., Charadriiformes sp., Asio cf otus, Asio flammeus, Hirundo rustica, Anthus cf trivialis, Turdus cf merula, Turdus sp., Sylvia sp., Parus major, Montifringilla nivalis, Loxia sp., Sturnus vulgaris, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus corone
Layer: 2/88 (Unstratified)
Date: LP Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Aythya fuligula, cf Clangula hyemalis, Falco cf tinnunculus, Falco cf columbarius, Falco naumanni/vespertinus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus,Tetrao tetrix, Cturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus, Crex crex, Gallinago gallinago, Gallingo media, Numenius phaeopus, Numenius arquata, Bubo bubo, Melanocorypha calandra, Parus major, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhula pyrrhula
Det: Bochenski, Bochenski & Tomek

PO 36 Dudka (Masuria)

Type: o
Sources: Tomek & Guminski 2003
Date: LP Alleröd 12,000-11,000 BP
Fauna: Phalacrocorax carbo
Date: LP/Hol Yonger Dryas - Early Preboreal 10.200-9,700 BP
Fauna: Anser anser, Anser sp.
Det: Tomek

PO 37 Krucza Skala (Czestochowa uplands)

Type: c Alt: 360
Sources: Bochenski & Tomek 2004
Layer: 1
Date: LP LG Bölling
Fauna: Fringillidae sp., Corvus monedula
Layer: 1/2
Date: LP LG Bölling
Fauna: Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Galliformes sp., Vanellus vanellus, Actitis hypoleucos, Philomachus pugnax
Layer: 2
Date: LP LG Bölling
Fauna: Branta bernicla, Anas crecca, Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Galliformes sp., Fulica atra, Pluvialis apricaria/fulva, Gallinago media, Philomachus pugnax, Charadriiformes sp., Asio flammeus, Lullula arborea, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corax
Layer: 2/3
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anser anser/fabalis, Branta bernicla, Tadorna tadorna, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula/crecca, Anatidae sp., Accipitridae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Galliformes sp., Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis apricaria/fulva, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallinago media, Gallinago gallinago, Limosa limosa, Numenius phaeopus, Tringa totanus, Actitis hypoleucos, Arenaria interpres, Philomachus pugnax, Larus cf ridibundus, Chlidonias hybridus, Lullula arborea, Hirundo rustica, Loxia cf curvirostra, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula
Layer: 3
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anatidae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Galliformes sp., Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis squatarola, Limosa sp., Sterna cf hirundo, Charadriiformes sp., Columba livia/oenas, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Passeriformes sp.
Layer: 3/4
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anatidae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Galliformes sp., Crex crex, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis apricaria/fulva, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallinago media, Gallinago gallinago, Gallinago sp., Arenaria interpres, Calidris alpina, Philomachus pugnax, Charadriiformes sp., Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Corvus monedula
Layer: 4
Date: LP LG, Alleröd, 14C=11,450±200 BP
Fauna: Anser anser/fabalis, Branta bernicla, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Anatidae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Galliformes sp., Fulica atra, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis squatarola, Numenius phaeopus, Arenaria interpres, Philomachus pugnax, Stercorarius parasiticus/longicaudus, Sterna cf hirundo, Charadriiformes sp., Columba palumbus, Columba livia/oenas, Asio otus/flammeus, Strigiformes sp., Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Passeriformes sp.
Layer: 4/5
Date: LP LG Alleröd
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula/crecca, Aythya marila, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Coturnix coturnix, Galliformes sp., Pluvialis squatarola, Philomachus pugnax, Charadriiformes sp., Strix aluco, Emberiza citrinella, Corvus corone
Layer: 5
Date: LP LG Alleröd
Fauna: Anser anser/fabalis, Anas strepera, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Anas querquedula/crecca, Anas clypeata, Anatidae sp., Accipitridae sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Galliformes sp., Porzana porzana, Gallinula chloropus, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis squatarola, Scolopax rusticola, Limosa limosa, Stercorarius parasiticus/longicaudus, Larus cf ridibundus, Sterna cf hirundo, Charadriiformes sp., Columba palumbus, Columba livia/oenas, cf Tyto alba, Strix aluco, Asio otus/ flammeus, Asio otus, Strigiformes sp., Coracias garrulus, Alauda arvensis, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus philomelos, Turdus sp., Sylviidae sp., Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvidae sp.
Layer: 5/6
Date: LP LG Alleröd
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anas querquedula, Falco tinnunculus, Falco peregrinus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Galliformes sp., Pluvialis apricaria/fulva, Pluvialis squatarola, Philomachus pugnax, Sterna cf hirundo, Charadriiformes sp., Columba palumbus, Asio flammeus, Hirundo rustica, Turdus viscivorus
Layer: 6
Date: LP LG Alleröd, 14C=11,210±80 BP
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas clypeata, cf Somateria mollissima, Anatidae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Galliformes sp., Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallinago sp., Arenaria interpres, Philomachus pugnax, cf Rissa tridactyla, Sterna cf hirundo, Charadriiformes sp., Asio flammeus, Dendrocopos major, Anthus trivialis, Turdus philomelos, Acrocephalus arundinaceus, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corax, Corvidae sp.
Layer: 7
Date: LP LG Dryas 3
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Aythya cf nyroca, Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus,Gallus gallus, Galliformes sp., Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago media, Gallinago gallinago, Tringa totanus, Columba palumbus, Picus canus, Lullula arborea, Phoenicurus ochruros, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Muscicapa striata, Garrulus glandarius
Layer: 7/8
Date: LP LG Dryas 3
Fauna: Lagopus sp., Hirundo rustica
Layer: 8
Date: LP LG Dryas 3
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Fulica atra, Vanellus vanellus, Gallinago gallinago, Arenaria interpres, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus viscivorus/pilaris,Corvus corone/frugilegus
Layer: 8/9
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anser anser/fabalis, Anas platyrhynchos, Anatidae sp., Accipitridae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Crex crex, Fulica atra, Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago media, Gallinago gallinago, Numenius phaeopus, Philomachus pugnax, Charadriiformes sp., Columba livia/oenas, Strix aluco, Strigiformes sp., Caprimulgus europaeus, Lullula arborea, Hirundo rustica, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Carduelis sp., Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Passeriformes sp.
Layer: Unstratified
Date:
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Coturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus, Galliformes sp., Philomachus pugnax, Columba palumbus, Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula
Layer: I
Date: LP LG Bölling 14C=12,520±70 BP
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Galliformes sp.
Layer: I/II
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Galliformes sp., Rallus aquaticus, Lymnocryptes minimus, Sterna cf hirundo
Layer: II/III
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Lymnocryptes minimus, Philomachus pugnax
Layer: III
Date: LP LG Dryas 2/Alleröd 14C=11,980±70 BP
Fauna: Mergus albellus, Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Galliformes sp., Crex crex, Vanellus vanellus, Numenius phaeopus, Charadriiformes sp., Columba palumbus, Asio flammeus, Turdus merula, Garrulus glandarius, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone
Layer: III/IV
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Coturnix coturnix, Vanellus vanellus, Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago gallinago, Philomachus pugnax, Columba palumbus, Columba livia/oenas, Strix aluco, Turdus viscivorus, Sturnus vulgaris, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone/frugilegus
Layer: IV
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Podiceps cristatus, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula/crecca, cf Clangula hyemalis, Mergus albellus, Anatidae sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Galliformes sp., Fulica atra, Vanellus vanellus, Scolopax rusticola, Philomachus pugnax, Columba palumbus, Columba livia/oenas, Strigiformes sp., Dendrocopos major, Oriolus oriolus, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvidae sp.
Layer: IV/V
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Anas querquedula/crecca, Anas clypeata, Anatidae sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus, Rallus aquaticus, Porzana porzana, Vanellus vanellus, Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago gallinago, Philomachus pugnax, Columba palumbus, Columba livia/oenas, Strix aluco, Asio flammeus, Asio otus, Picus viridis, Anthus sp., Turdus merula, Turdus viscivorus, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus
Layer: V
Date: LP LG Dryas 3
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps cristatus/griseigena, Anser anser/fabalis, Anas penelope, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula/crecca, Anas clypeata, Anatidae sp., Buteo buteo, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Gallus gallus, Galliformes sp., Porzana parva, Porzana porzana, Fulica atra, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis apricaria/fulva, Pluvialis squatarola, Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago media, Limosa sp., Columba palumbus, Columba livia/oenas, Strix aluco, Asio flammeus/otus, Dryocopus martius, Picus viridis, Turdus merula, Turdus pilaris, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus viscivorus/pilaris, Turdus sp., Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Sturnus vulgaris, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvidae sp.
Layer: Unstratified
Date: ?
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Vanellus vanellus, Scolopax rusticola, Columba palumbus, Cuculus canorus, Turdus pilaris, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Garrulus glandarius
Det: Bochenski & Tomek

PO 38 Komarowa Cave

Alt: 340
Type: c
Sources: Tomek & Bochenski 2005
Layer: Cave B/D
Date: LP Late Glacial - Denekamp
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Oenanthe oenanthe
Layer: Cave D/E
Date: LP Denekamp/Hengelo
Fauna: Charadrius cf morinellus
Layer: Cave C
Date: LP LGM, 14C=24,450 BP
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos, Falco peregrinus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Pluvialis squatarola, Nyctea scandiaca, Tachymarptis melba, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus sp., Corvus monedula
Layer: Cave D
Date: LP Denekamp, 14C=28,500-35,500 BP
Fauna: Podiceps auritus / nigricollis, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Buteo sp., Aquila chrysaetos, Falco tinnunculus, Falco subbuteo, Falco cherrug, Falco peregrinus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus muta, Lagopus lagopus / muta, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Galliformes indet., Rallus aquaticus, Crex crex, Porzana porzana, Gallinula chloropus, Tetrax tetrax, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis apricaria, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallinago media, Arenaria interpres, Columba palumbus, cf. Strix uralensis, Tachymarptis melba, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Alaudidae indet., Hirundo rustica, Anthus pratensis, Anthus cf. trivialis, Lanius excubitor, Phoenicurus sp., Oenanthe oenanthe, cf. Monticola saxatilis, Turdus merula, Turdus pilaris, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus sp., Turdidae, Ficedula hypoleuca, Sitta europaea, Emberiza citrinella, cf. Calcarius lapponicus, cf. Plectrophenax nivalis, Fringilla cf. coelebs, Carduelis chloris, Carduelis carduelis, Loxia cf. curvirostra, Loxia sp., cf. Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Montifringilla nivalis, Sturnus vulgaris, Oriolus oriolus, Corvus monedula, Corvus corax, Corvidae (small), Passeriformes indet
Layer: Cave E
Date: LP Hengelo, 14C=39,900 BP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, cf Mergellus albellus, Anatidae (middle sized duck), Accipitridae (size of Aquila clanga/ pomarina), Falco tinnunculus, Falco columbarius, Falco subbuteo, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus lagopus / muta, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao sp., Galliformes indet., Tetrax tetrax, Pluvialis apricaria, Charadrius cf. morinellus, Charadrius sp., Gallinago media, Gallinago gallinago, Arenaria interpres, Philomachus pugnax, Bubo bubo, Tachymarptis melba, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Alaudidae indet., Hirundo rustica, Delichon urbicum, cf. Motacilla alba, Lanius excubitor, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus merula, Turdus pilaris, Turdus cf. iliacus, Turdus philomelos, Turdus sp., Sitta europaea, Emberiza citrinella, cf. Plectrophenax nivalis, Carduelis chloris, Montifringilla nivalis, Sturnus vulgaris, Garrulus glandarius, cf. Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus monedula, Corvus corax, Corvidae (small), Passeriformes indet
Layer: Cave F
Date: LP, IS 4
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Alauda arvensis,Delichon urbica, Sturnus vulgaris
Layer: Cave G
Date: LP, IS 5a
Fauna: Anas querquedula/crecca, Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Turdus viscivorus, Fringilla cf. coelebs, Loxia cf curvirostra
Layer: Cave G4
Date: LP, IS 5a
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix
Layer: Cave H
Date: LP, IS 5b
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus
Layer: Terrace A/B
Date: LP, Late Glacial-Holocene
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos, Lagopus lagopus, Corvus monedula
Layer: Terrace B
Date: LP, Late Glacial, TL=9.900-16,300 BP
Fauna: Branta leucopsis, Branta bernicla, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula /crecca, Falco cherrug, Falco cherrug /rusticolus, Falco rusticolus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus muta, Lagopus lagopus/muta, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao sp., Galliformes indet., Porzana porzana, Fulica atra, Pluvialis apricaria / fulva, Pluvialis squatarola, Charadrius cf. dubius, Charadrius cf. morinellus, Lymnocryptes minimus, Gallinago media, Limosa limosa, Arenaria interpres, Philomachus pugnax, Tringa totanus, Tringa cf. nebularia, Larus ridibundus, Charadriiformes indet size of T. nebularia, Caprimulgus europaeus, Picus canus, Piciformes indet., Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Anthus cf. pratensis, Anthus sp., Erithacus rubecula, Phoenicurus sp., Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus merula, Turdus pilaris, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus sp., Emberiza citrinella, Carduelis chloris, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Fringillidae size of C. chloris, Montifringilla nivalis, Pica pica, Corvus monedula, Corvidae (small)
Layer: Terrace B5
Date: LP, Late Glacial, TL=9.900-16,300 BP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus lagopus/muta, Tetrao tetrix, Galliformes indet., Lullula arborea, Carduelis cf. carduelis, Corvus monedula
Layer: Terrace Z
Date: LP, Hengelo 1, 14C=37,500-43,900 BP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus lagopus/muta, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Galliformes indet., Lymnocryptes minimus, Tringa erythropus, Actitis hypoleucos, Alauda arvensis
Layer: Terrace B/F´
Date: LP, IS 4
Fauna: Branta leucopsis, Anas platyrhynchos, cf. Aythya marila, Falco cherrug /rusticolus, Falco rusticolus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus muta, Lagopus lagopus/muta, Tetrao tetrix, Fulica atra, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis apricaria / fulva, Pluvialis squatarola, Oenanthe oenanthe, Corvus monedula, Corvidae (small), Passeriformes indet.
Layer: Terrace Ft
Date: LP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus muta, Corvus monedula
Layer: Terrace Gtx
Date: LP, IS 5b?
Fauna: Dendrocopos major, Turdus sp.
Det: Tomek & Bochenski

PO 39 Bisnik Cave (Czestochowa uplands)

Alt: 395 Type: c
Sources: Miroslaw-Grabowska 2002
Layer: 5
Date: LP Gniew Interstadial (IS 5a), 70-80 KA BP, Micoquo-Prondnikian
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus
Det: Wiszniowska, Socha & Stefaniak

PO 40 Jaskinia IV (Mount Birow)

Type: c
Sources: Miroslaw-Grabowska et al. 2007
Date: LP UP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix. Pyrrhocorax graculus + 28 spp.
Note: A. k. a. Schronisko Polnocne

PORTUGAL

PG 7 Grotte d'Escoural

Type: c
Sources: Deville 1996
Date: Holocene?
Layer: Es
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Alectoris rufa, Turdus sp.
Date: LP/Hol. Upper Paleolithic and Neolithic
Layer: E1
Fauna: Alectoris rufa, Turdus sp.
Date:Hol?
Layer: E3
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Alectoris rufa
Date: LP Middle Paleolithic
Layer: E3.PM
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Alectoris rufa, Passeriformes
Date: LP/Hol. Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic
Layer: E3.PS.M
Fauna: Alectoris rufa, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax sp.
Date: Hol?
Layer: E4
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Alectoris rufa, Passeriformes
Date: LP Middle Paleolithic
Layer: E4.PM
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Alectoris rufa, Columba palumbus, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax sp.
Date: LP Middle and Upper Paleolithic
Layer: E4.PM.PS
Fauna: Alectoris rufa, Columba palumbus, Turdus sp., Corvus corone/frugilegus
Date: LP/Hol? Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic(?)
Layer: E4.PS.M
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Mergus merganser, Alectoris rufa, Columba palumbus, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax sp., Corvus frugilegus/corone
Date: LP/Hol? Middle and Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic(?)
Layer: E4.PM.PS.M.N
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Alectoris rufa, Streptopelia turtur
Date: LP/Hol? Upper Paleolithic, Mesolithic(?) and Neolithic
Layer: E4.PS.M.N
Fauna: Alectoris rufa, Columba palumbus, Columba oenas/livia, Athene noctua, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax sp., Passeriformes
Date: LP/Hol. Pleistocene and Neolithic
Layer: E4.N
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Alectoris rufa, Columba palumbus, Turdus sp., Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax/Corvus sp.
Det: Deville

PG 8 Gruta de Caldeirao

Alt: 120
Type: c
Sources: Davis 2002, Davis & Robert 2004
Date: Mousterian, before 27,000 BP
Layer: K-N
Fauna: Anas sp., Alectoris sp., Aegypius monachus?, Bubo bubo, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Date: Early Upper Palaeolithic, 22,000-27,000 BP
Layer: Ja-Jb
Fauna: Aegypius monachus?, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Date: Solutrean, 18,000-22,000 BP
Layer: Fa,Fb,Fc,H,I
Fauna: Himantopus himantopus, Alectoris sp., Gyps fulvus, Aegypius monachus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus,Corvus corax
Date: Magdalenian, 16,000-10,000 BP
Layer: Eb
Fauna: Anas sp., Columba sp., Alectoris sp., Athene noctua, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax?, Pica pica, Corvus corax
Layer: Unstratified
Date: Mousterian – EUP
Fauna: Gypaetus barbatus
Det: Stewart, Moreno Garcia, Davis

PG 9 Almonda (Estremadura)

Type: c
Sources: Altuna 1999, Elorza 2003, Trinkaus et al. 2003
Date: MP, Late MP
Fauna: Ardeidae spp., Anatidae spp., Haliaetus sp., Charadriiformes sp., Tyto balearica, Corvus antecorax
Det: Elorza

PG 10 Lagar Velho (Estremadura)

Type: c
Sources: Moreno-Garcia & Pimenta 2002
Date: 14C=24,950±230 BP
Layer: GC tc
Fauna: cf Buteo buteo
Date: 14C > 27,100±900 BP
Layer: GC bs
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus
Date: 14C = 22,390-23,130 BP
Layer: GC ms
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax sp., Alectoris sp., Passeriformes sp.
Date: 14C = 22,720-23,170 BP
Layer: GC ls
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax sp., Alectoris sp., Passeriformes sp.
Date: 14C= 21,180-22,180 BP
Layer: TP06
Fauna: Accipitridae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Alectoris sp., Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax sp., Corvidae sp., Sturnus vulgaris, Passeriformes sp.
Date: 14C=20.220±180 BP
Layer: TP09
Fauna: Alectoris sp., Pyrrhocorax sp., Corvidae sp., Passeriformes sp.

RUSSIA

RO 45 Strashnaya Cave (Altai)

Type: c
Sources: Burchak-Abramovich & Burchak 1998.
Date: LP UP >25- >45 KA BP (14C = 31,510±2,615 BP (layer 3)
Fauna: Anas cf penelope, Anas querquedula, Aythya ferina, Falco altaicus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Alectoris chukar, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Cuculus canorus, Garrulus glandarius, Perisoreus infaustus, Corvus monedula
Det: Burchak-Abramovich & Burchak

RO 46 Denisova Cave (Altai)

Type: c
Alt: 800
Sources: Derevyanko et al. 1998, Panteleyev 1997, in press, Olga Potapova in litt.
Date: LP, Sartanian Stage
Layer: Central hall, layer 9
Fauna: Anas penelope, Circus sp., Tetraogallus altaicus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus, Nyctea scandiaca, Athene noctua, Asio flammeus, Hirundo rustica, Hirundo daurica, Plectrophenax nivalis, Leucosticte arctoa, Pinicola enucleator, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvidae indet.
Date: LP 14C > 37,235 BP
Layer: Central hall, layer 11
Fauna: Anas querquedula, Anas clypeata, Aythya fuligula, Falco subbuteo, Perdix perdix/dauuricae, Coturnix coturnix, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus, Porzana porzana, Tringa glareola, Gallinago solitaria, Columba rupestris, Athene noctua, Asio flammeus, Dendrocopos minor, Picoides tridactylus, Calandrella rufescens, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo daurica, Anthus trivialis, Cinclus cinclus, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus ruficollis, Emberiza aureola, Plectrophenax nivalis, Leucosticte arctoa, Uragus sibiricus, Carpodacus erythrinus, Pinicola enucleator, Montifringilla nivalis, Sturnus vulgaris, Pica pica
Date: LP, 40-70 Ka BP
Layer: Central hall, layer 12
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Aythya fuligula, Buteo lagopus, Tetraogallus altaicus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus, Athene noctua, Asio flammeus, Picoides tridactylus, Eremophila alpestris, Turdus ruficollis, Emberiza cia, Plectrophenax nivalis, Leucosticte arctoa, Montifringilla nivalis, Sturnus vulgaris, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula/dauuricus.
Date: LP
Layer: Central hall, layer 13
Fauna: Aythya fuligula, Aegypius monachus, Lagopus lagopus, Asio flammeus, Apus apus, Melanocorypha yeltoniensis, Turdus ruficollis, Leucosticte arctoa, Sturnus vulgaris, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Date: LP TL = 69±17 KA BP
Layer: Central hall, layer 14
Fauna: Anas querquedula, Aythya fuligula, Tetraogallus altaicus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo daurica, Cinclus cinclus, Turdus ruficollis, Leucosticte arctoa, Carpodacus erythrinus, Sturnus vulgaris, Pica pica, Corvus monedula/dauuricus.
Layer: Central hall, layer 16
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus
Layer: Central hall, layer 17
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Lyrurus tetrix, Eremophila alpestris, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Layer: Central hall, layer 19
Fauna: Buteo lagopus, Tetraogallus altaicus, Perdix perdix/dauuricae, Lagopus lagopus, Asio flammeus, Calandrella rufescens, Eremophila alpestris, Turdus ruficollis, Emberiza hortulana, Plectrophenax nivalis,
Leucosticte arctoa, Carpodacus erythrinus, , Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus corone.
Layer: Central hall, layer 20
Fauna: Buteo lagopus, Lagopus lagopus, Asio flammeus, Surnia ulula, Apus apus, Eremophila alpestris, Turdus ruficollis, Leucosticte arctoa, Pinicola enucleator.
Date: MP TL = 155±31 KA BP
Layer: Central hall, layer 21
Fauna: Buteo lagopus, Perdix perdix/ dauuricae, Eremophila alpestris, Turdus ruficollis, Plectrophenax nivalis, Leucosticte arctoa, Montifringilla nivalis.
Date: MP TL = 171±43, 182±45, 223±55, 224±45, 282±56 KA BP
Layer: Central hall, layer 22
Fauna: Anas querquedula, Falco tinnunculus, Tetraogallus altaicus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus, Asio flammeus, Surnia ulula, Calandrella rufescens, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo rustica, Anthus hodgsoni,
Anthus cf. gustavi, Tarsiger cyanurus, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus ruficollis, Emberiza aureola, Plectrophenax
nivalis, Leucosticte arctoa, Carpodacus erythrinus, Pinicola enucleator, Montifringilla nivalis, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula/dauuricus.
Date: LP/MP
Layer: Central hall, layer 9-22
Fauna: Aythya fuligula, Circus cyaneus, Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao urogallus, Eremophila alpestris,Hirundo daurica, Phoenicurus ochruros, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus ruficollis, Emberiza aureola, Plectrophenax nivalis, Leucosticte arctoa, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Sturnus vulgaris, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula/dauuricus.
Date: LP
Layer: In front of the cave, layer 2
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus.
Date: LP
Layer: In front of the cave, layer 5
Fauna: Anas penelope, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus.
Date: LP
Layer: In front of the cave, layer 6
Fauna: Accipiter nisus, Falco tinnunculus, Tetraogallus altaicus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus, Asio flammeus, Surnia ulula, Athene noctua, Melanocorypha yeltoniensis, Hirundo daurica, Lanius cristatus,
Turdus ruficollis, Leucosticte arctoa, Montifringilla nivalis, Sturnus vulgaris, Perisoreus infaustus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus corone.
Date: LP
Layer: In front of the cave, layer 7
Fauna: Anas penelope, Accipiter nisus, Buteo lagopus, Circus cyaneus, Tetraogallus altaicus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus, Asio flammeus, Athene noctua, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo daurica, Pica pica, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Date: LP
Layer: In front of the cave, layer 8
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Leucosticte arctoa, Sturnus vulgaris.
Date: LP
Layer: In front of the cave, layer 9, TL = 50±12 KA BP, , 14C = 46,000�2,300 BP
Fauna: Accipiter nisus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus, Lyrurus tetrix, Leucosticte arctoa, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax.
Date: LP
Layer: In front of the cave, layer 10, TL = 66±16 KA BP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Eremophila alpestris, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax.
Layer: In front of the cave, layer 2-10
Fauna: Podiceps nigricollis, Aythya fuligula, Falco tinnunculus, Tetraogallus altaicus, Lagopus lagopus, Columba rupestris, Asio flammeus, Strix nebulosa, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax.
Det: Panteleyev
Date: LP Upper Palaeolithic
Layer: Unknown
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 47 Igetej (Irkutsk)

Type: o
Sources: Mlíkovsky, Chenzychenova & Filippov 1997
Date: MP, Late MP
Fauna: cf Calidris sp., Passeriformes
Det: Mlíkovsky
Stored: Buryat Geological Institute, Ulan Ude
Note: A. k. a. Gora Igetei, near Bratsk

RO 48 Char'jaska 2 (Buryatia)

Type: o
Sources: Mlíkovsky, Chenzychenova & Filippov 1997
Date: LP, end of LP
Layer: Upper
Fauna: Fringilla montifringilla
Layer: Lower
Fauna: Passeriformes
Det: Mlíkovsky
Stored: Buryat Geological Institute, Ulan Ude

RO 49 Ust'-Kjakhta 17 (Buryatia)

Type: o
Sources: Mlíkovsky, Chenzychenova & Filippov 1997, (Tashak 1993)
Date: LP, 14C=11,500-12,230 BP
Fauna: Struthio andersoni, Delichon urbica
Det: Mlíkovsky, Tashak
Stored: Buryat Institute of Social Science, Ulan Ude
Note: Also see site RO 61.

RO 50 Zasukhino (Buryatia)

Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988 (Dergausova & Kalmykov 1986, Kalmykov 1986)
Date: MP
Fauna: Anas crecca, Crex crex
Det: Burchak-Abramovich

RO 51 Akhur (Buryatia)

Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988, (Ivanov 1960)
Date: LP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 52 Bilyutaj (Buryatia)

Type: o
Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988, (Naletov 1961)
Date: LP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 53 Guzhirtuj (Buryatia)

Type: o
Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988, (Ivanov 1961)
Date: LP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 54 Kundoj (Buryatia)

Type: o
Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988, (Antoshchenko-Olenev 1975)
Date: LP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 55 Malyj Khayan (Buryatia)

Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988, (Naletov 1961)
Date: LP?
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 56 Mikhajlovskoe (Buryatia)

Type: o
Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988, (Ivanov 1960)
Date: LP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 57 Povorot (Buryatia)

Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988, (Ivanov 1960)
Date: LP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 58 Podlopatki (Buryatia)

Type: o
Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988, (Ivanov 1960)
Date: LP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 59 Tarsagataj (Buryatia)

Type: o
Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988, (Ivanov 1960)
Date: LP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 60 Ulentuj (Buryatia)

Type: o
Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988, (Ivanov 1960)
Date: LP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 61 Ust'-Kjakhta (Buryatia)

Type: o
Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988, (Naletov 1961)
Date: LP?
Fauna: Struthio sp.
Note: Also see site RO 49.

RO 62 Ust-Kharlun (Buryatia)

Sources: Imetchenov & Kalmykov 1988, (Naletov 1961)
Date: LP?
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 63 Ust-Karakol (Altai)

Type: o
Sources: Baryshnikov 1996
Date: LP Late Paleolithic ca 30 Ka BP (14C = 28�700 � 850 BP (layer 2))
Layer: 3
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix

RO 64 Sibiryachikha cave (Altai)

Type: c
Sources: Martynovich 1990,2002
Date: LP, Mousterian, 14C = 28,500 - 44,800 BP
Fauna: Anatidae sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas sp., Anser cf. anser, Aquila chrysaetos, Accipiter nisus, Accipiter gentilis, Circus macrourus, Falco subbuteo, Falco tinnunculus,
Falco columbarius, Coturnix coturnix, Perdix cf. perdix, Tetrastes bonasia, Lyrurus tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Crex crex, Gallinula chloropus, Tringa sp., Tringa erythropus, Vanellus vanellus, Gallinago cf. media, Gallinago sp., Scolopax rusticola, Calidris cf. minutus, Columba livia, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Cuculus canorus, Otus scops, Asio flammeus, Asio sp., Aegolius funereus, Bubo bubo, Nyctea scandiaca, Apus apus ex. gr. pacificus, Coracias garrulus, Dendrocopus sp., Picus cf. canus, Alauda sp., Delichon urbica, Anthus sp., Lanius sp., Bombycilla cf. garrulus, Oenanthe sp., Turdus sp., Parus sp., Pica pica, Corvus monedula, Corvidae sp., Emberiza sp., Fringilla sp., Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Sturnus vulgaris, Passeriformes
Det: Martinovich
Notes: A. k. a. Okladnikov's Cave, Peshchera Okladnikova

RO 65 Tonnelnaya Cave (Yenisey)

Type: c
Sources: Ovodov & Martinovich 1999
Date: LP ca 13,500 BP
Fauna: Podiceps griseigena, Cygnus sp., Anser sp. Anas acuta, Anas cf. querquedula, Anas clypeata, Melanitta sp., Mergus albellus, Anatidae sp., Falco tinunculus, Falco cherrug, Circus cyaneus, Coturnix coturnix, Tetrastes bonasia, Tetrao urogallus, Lyrurus tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago sp., Philomachus pugnax, Charadriidae sp., Streptopelia sp., Columba sp., Gallinula chloropus, Crex crex, Cuculus canorus, Nyctea scandiaca, Asio flammeus, Bubo bubo, Apus pacificus, Picoides tridactylus, Perisoreus infaustus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pica sp., Turdus sp., Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Acanthis sp., Loxia curvirostra.
Det: Martinovich

RO 66 Nedostupnaya Cave (Yenisey)

Type: c
Sources: Ovodov & Martinovich 1999.
Date: LP
Fauna: Anas cf. querquedula, Anas clypeata, Falco tinnunculus, Lyrurus tetrix, Lagopus lagopus,
Aegolius funereus, Apus pacificus, Picoides tridactylus, Picus canus, Perisoreus infaustus?, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pica sp., Pica pica, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Corvidae sp., Turdus sp.
Det: Martinovich

RO 67 Grotta Dvuglaska (Yenisey)

Type: c
Sources: Ovodov & Martinovich 1992.
Date: LP Mousterian, 14C = 44,400±1600 BP (layer 5)
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas cf. acuta, Anas acuta/penelope, Anas querquedula, Anas querquedula/ crecca, Anatidae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco cherrug, Perdix dauurica, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus,
Asio flammeus, Eremophila alpestris, Lanius excubitor, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus corone, Corvus corax, Passeriformes sp.
Det: Martinovich

RO 68 Kashtanka I (Yenisey)

Type: c
Sources: Martinovich 1991.
Date: LP UP 14C=20,800±200 - 29,400±400 BP
Fauna: Anas penelope, Anas querquedula, Coturnix coturnix, Lagopus lagopus, Gallinago sp., Eremophila alpestris, Turdus cf. ruficollis, Corvidae sp., Passeriformes sp.
Det: Martinovich

RO 69 Bliznets (Primorsky krai)

Type: c
Sources: Panteleyev & Alekseyeva 1993
Date: LP 14C=11,965±65 BP (at 3 m depth, total depth of deposits = 7.5 m)
Fauna: Coturnix japonica, Hirundo rustica, Motacilla cinerea, Phoenicurus auroreus, Cyanoptila cyanomelana, Parus minor, Emberiza cioides, Pyrrhula griseiventris, Corvus corone.
Det.: Panteleyev
Notes: A k a Bliznets

RO 70 Verkholenskaya Gora I (Irkutsk)

Sources: Panteleyev 1999 (Abramova 1984, Kol'tsov & Medvedev 1989)
Layer: Horisont III
Date: LP 14C=12,570±180 BP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 72 Gubs shelter No. 1 (Krasnodar)

Alt: 900
Type: c
Sources: Hoffecker & Baryshnikov 1998
Date: LP Late Mousterian
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corax
Det: Baryshnikov & Pashtukhova

RO 73 Kostenki I (Voronezh)

Type: o
Sources: Potapova 2001
Date: LP 18,230-24,100 BP
Layer: Loess layer
Fauna: Nyctea scandiaca

RO 74 Kostenki XII (Voronezh)

Type: o
Sources: Potapova 2001
Date: LP 23,600-26,300 BP
Layer: 1
Fauna: Nyctea scandiaca

RO 75 Kostenki XIV (Voronezh)

Type: o
Sources: Potapova 2001
Date: LP 14,300 BP
Layer: 3
Fauna: Nyctea scandiaca

RO 76 Bol'shaya Slizneva (Krasnoyarsk)

Type: o
Sources: Ovodov, Martynovich & Mikheev 2002, Martynovich pers. comm. and 2004
Date: LP, Upper Palaeolithic, 14C = 13,540±500 BP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Hirundo rustica
Det: Martynovich

RO 77 Listvenka (Krasnoyarsk)

Type: o
Sources: Ovodov, Martynovich & Mikheev 2002, Martynovich 2004
Date: LP, Upper Palaeolithic, 14C = 13,100±410 BP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus
Det: Martynovich

RO 78 Zarubino (Transbaikal)

Type: o
Sources: Gaidushenko & Tivanenko 1978
Date: LP Upper Palaeolithic
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 79 Aidashinskaya Cave

Type: c
Sources: Ovodov 1980, Olga Potapova in litt.
Date: LP Late Palaeolithic
Fauna: Lyrurus tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Strix uralensis?, Dendrocopos major, Turdus sp., Corvus cf cornix
Det: Ovodov

RO 80 Sava river (Transbaikal)

Sources: Sosnovskii 1933, Olga Potapova in litt.
Date: LP Late Palaeolithic
Fauna: Struthio sp.

RO 81 Bolshoi Yakor (Vitim)

Type: o
Sources: Belousov et al. 1990, Martynovich 2003
Date: LP, LG 10,100-12,400 BP
Layer: IV
Fauna: Lagopus sp.
Layer: V
Fauna: Anas cf querquedula, Lagopus sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus
Layer: VI
Fauna: Lagopus sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Passeriformes sp.
Layer: VII
Fauna: Lagopus sp., Passeriformes sp.
Layer: VIII
Fauna: Lagopus sp.

RO 82 Ostantseva peshchera (Sakhalin)

Type: c
Sources: Zelenkov 2005, (Panteleyev 1997)
Date: LP-Early Holocene 14C= 8,040±85 - 12,685±140 BP
Layer: 1
Fauna: Nyctea scandiaca, Hirundapus caudacutus, Picus canus
Layer: 2
Fauna: Oceanodroma sp., Tetrastes bonasia, Tetraonidae sp., Galliformes sp., Hirundapus caudacutus
Layer: 3
Fauna: Picus canus, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Corvidae sp.
Layer: 5
Fauna: Picus canus, Nucifraga caryocatactes
Layer: 8
Fauna: Lagopus sp., Limosa limosa
Layer: 9
Fauna: Nyctea scandiaca, Picus canus
Layer: 10
Fauna: Picus canus, Nucifraga caryocatactes
Layer: 11
Fauna: Picus canus, Nucifraga caryocatactes
Layer: 12
Fauna: Nucifraga caryocatactes
Layer: unstratified
Fauna: Falco rusticolus
Det: Zelenkov, Panteleyev

RO 83 Shaitanoozersko kamenny ostrov (Urals)

Type: c
Sources: Borodin et al. 2000a
Date: LP, Sartanian 14C= 22,460±340 BP
Layer: 4
Fauna: Anas acuta, Anas sp., Clangula hyemalis, Aves indet. Date: LP, Sartanian 14C= 23,170±1420 BP (layer 5)
Layer: 4-5
Fauna: Corvus cornix
Det: Nekrasov

RO 84 Cheremukovo 1 (Urals)

Type: c
Sources: Borodin et al. 2000b
Date: LP, Sartanian
Layer: 1-3
Fauna: Anas sp., Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Strigidae sp., Passeriformes sp., Aves indet.
Date: LP, Sartanian
Layer: 3
Fauna: Cygnus cygnus, Anser sp., Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Buteo buteo, Passeriformes sp., Aves indet.
Det: Nekrasov

RO 85 Afontova Gora V (Krasnoyarsk)

Type: o
Sources: Martynovich 2004
Date: LP, UP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus
Det: Martynovich

RO 86 Karaul'nyi byk (Krasnoyarsk)

Type: o
Sources: Martynovich 2004
Date: LP, UP
Fauna: Cygnus sp., Lagopus lagopus
Det: Martynovich

SERBIA

SR 3 Pecurski kamen

Type: c
Sources: Dimitrijevic 1998
Date: LP?
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Det: Dimitrijevic?

SR 4 Ceremosnja

Type: c
Sources: Dimitrijevic 1998
Date: LP?
Fauna: Tetrao cf urogallus
Det: Dimitrijevic?

SLOVAKIA

SK 11 Grosse Oruzsiner Höhle

Type: c
Sources: Nehring 1881
Date: LP?
Fauna: Lagopus cf mutus, Tetrao urogallus
Det: Nehring

SK 12 Vcelare 4E

Sources: Mlíkovsky 2002
Date: EP MNQ 21/22, Late Biharian
Fauna: Coturnix coturnix, Palaeocryptonyx donnezani, Tetrao tetrix, Hirundo rustica
Det: Mlíkovský

SK 13 Hôrka-Ondrej

Type: o
Sources: Mlíkovsky 2000c
Date: LP Eem, IS 5e, Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Anas sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Coturnix coturnix
Det: Mlíkovský Stored: Archaeological Institute of the Slovakian Academy of Science

SLOVENIA

SL 6 Babja jama

Type: c
Sources: Malez 1995
Date: LP
Fauna: Cygnus cygnus, Lagopus lagopus, Turdus merula
Det: Malez

SL 7 Ciganska jama

Type: c
Sources: Malez 1995
Date: LP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus
Det: Malez

SL 8 Jama pod Herkovimi pecmi

Type: c
Sources: Malez 1995
Date: LP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix
Det: Malez

SL 9 Lukenjska jama

Type: c
Sources: Malez 1995
Date: LP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Aquila chrysaetos, Falco subbuteo, Lagopus lagopus, Lanius excubitor, Corvus corax
Det: Malez

SL 10 Zupanov spodmol

Type: c
Sources: Malez 1995
Date: LP
Layer: C-D
Fauna: Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Otis tarda, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Det: Malez

SOUTH KOREA

KR 1 Sangsi, Abri 1

Type: c
Source: Pokee Sohn 1985
Date: LP Upper Paleolithic? U/Th = 30,000 BP (layer 7)
Layer: 5
Fauna: Tetrastes bonasia
Notes: Three additional unnamed spp. from other layers

SPAIN

SP 94 Cueva de Urratxa III (Bizkaia)

Alt: 1025
Type: c
Source: Elorza 1997
Date: LP/Hol Azilian-Subrecent (14C= 10,240±100 - 265±65 BP)
Fauna: Anser sp., Gypaetus barbatus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Coturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus, Bubo bubo, Athene noctua, Picus canus, Troglodytes troglodytes, cf Oenanthe sp., Turdus philomelos, Turdus pilaris/merula, Turdus sp., Parus sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus monedula/Pyrrhocorax graculus, Passeriformes
Det: Elorza

SP 95 Moleta Cave (Mallorca, Balearics)

Type: c
Source: Seguí, Mourer-Chauviré & Alcover 1997
Date: LP/Hol 9,000 - 15,000 BP
Layer: E 150-250, X 200
Fauna: Otus scops, Alaudidae sp., Erithacus rubecula, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Montifringilla nivalis, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Date: LP ca 15,000 BP
Layer: Z 200-300, X 200-300
Fauna: Tadorna sp., Porzana porzana, Columba sp., Tyto alba, Athene noctua, Apus cf pallidus, Alauda arvensis, Motacillidae sp., Hirundo/Ptyoprogne sp., Erithacus rubecula, cf Erithacus/Luscinia sp., Phoenicurus sp., Saxicola rubetra, Saxicola torquata, cf Saxicola rubetra/Phoenicurus phoenicurus, Turdus iliacus, Turdus sp., Sylvia sp., Ficedula hypoleuca, Parus ater, Lanius sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax sp., Passer sp., Petronia petronia, Fringilla sp., Carduelis chloris, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Emberiza sp.
Date: LP ca 30,000 BP
Layer: Z 750, X 700
Fauna: Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Det: Seguí, Mourer-Chauviré & Alcover        Stored: MNCM
Notes: A. k. a. Muleta cave, Cova de Moleta

SP 96 Cova des Moro (Mallorca, Balearics)

Type: c
Source: Seguí 1997
Date: LP
Fauna: Columba livia/oenas, Hirundinidae sp., Motacilla alba, Erithacus rubecula, Turdus sp., Sylvia melanocephala/curruca, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Loxia curvirostra, cf Miliaria calandra
Det: Seguí
Stored: MNCM

SP 97 Cueva de la Guineu (Barcelona)

Alt: 735
Type: c
Source: Bergadà Zapata 1998
Date: Epipalaeolithic (N. III-XII) 14C=9,850±80 BP (N.IIIa)
Fauna: Falco naumanni, Alectoris sp., Alectoris graeca/rufa, Alectoris barbara, Picus viridis, Passeriformes sp.
Det: García

SP 98 Cofete 1, Jandia Peninsula, Fuerteventura (Canaries)

Alt: 150
Type: o
Sources: Michaux, Hutterer & Lopez-Martinez 1991
Date: LP ca 30,000 BP
Fauna: Puffinus holeae

SP 99 Cañada del Rio, Jandia Peninsula, Fuerteventura (Canaries)

Type: o
Sources: Michaux, Hutterer & Lopez-Martinez 1991
Date: LP?
Fauna: Puffinus holeae

SP 100 Atapuerca, Gran Dolina (Burgos)

Type: c
Sources: Sanchez-Marco 1999a, 2007, van der Made et al. 2003
Layer: TD 11
Date: MP, IS 10, 174±18 - 244±44 KA BP
Fauna: Perdix palaeoperdix, Charadrius alexandrinus, Arenaria interpres
Layer: TD 10
Date: MP, IS 10
Fauna: Anatidae sp., Tadorna sp., Milvus milvus, Perdix palaeoperdix, Coturnix coturnix, Pluvialis apricaria, Columba oenas/livia, Hirundo rustica, Turdus sp., Turdus cf pilaris, Corvus antecorax
Layer: TD8
Date: MP, IS 18
Fauna: Tadorna sp., Perdix palaeoperdix, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia/oenas, Sylvia sp., Corvus antecorax
Layer: TD6
Date: EP, ca 800 KA BP, OIS 21, MNQ 20
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anas cf querquedula, Melanitta fusca, Falco naumanni, Perdix paleoperdix, Coturnix coturnix, Porzana sp., Porzana pusilla, Eudromias norinellus, Limosa limosa, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia/oenas, Melanocorypha calandra, Calandrella cf brachydactyla, Galerida cristata, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo rustica, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Motacilla flava, Anthus pratensis, Cinclus cinclus, Prunella collaris, Prunella modularis, Turdus merula, Turdus iliacus, Turdus philomelos, Sylvia hortensis, Muscicapa striata, Emberiza citrinella, Plectrophenax nivalis, Fringilla coelebs, Serinus serinus, Carduelis chloris, Petronia petronia, Sturnus sp., Corvus antecorax
Layer: TD5
Date: EP, ca 800 KA BP, IS 21, MNQ 20
Fauna: Perdix palaeoperdix, Columba livia/oenas
Layer: TD5W
Date: EP, ca 800 KA BP, IS 21, MNQ 20
Fauna: Anas querquedula, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia/oenas, Alauda arvensis, Emberiza citrinella
Layer: TD4
Date: EP, ca 800 KA BP, IS 21, MNQ 20
Fauna: Perdix palaeoperdix, Columba livia/oenas
Layer: TD4Wb
Date: EP, ca 800 KA BP, IS 21, MNQ 20
Fauna: Perdix palaeoperdix, Columba livia/oenas
Layer: TD4W
Date: EP, ca 800 KA BP, IS 21, MNQ 20
Fauna: Perdix palaeoperdix, Coturnix coturnix, Charadriiformes sp., Columba livia/oenas, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus antecorax
Layer: TD3
Date: EP, ca 800 KA BP, IS 21, MNQ 20
Fauna: Tringidae sp., Columba livia/oenas, Emberiza citrinella
Layer: TD3W
Date: EP, ca 800 KA BP, IS 21, MNQ 20
Fauna: Columba livia/oenas
Det: Sánchez-Marco

SP 101 Sierra de Quibas (Murcia)

Type: c
Source: Montoya et al. 1999, 2001, Sánchez-Marco 1999d, 2002, 2004, 2007
Date: EP ca 1000-1300 KA BP (MNQ 19/20)
Fauna: Geronticus eremita, Gypaetus barbatus, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia/oenas, Cuculus canorus, Athene noctua, Delichon urbica, Prunella modularis, Anthus pratensis, Phoenicurus ochruros, Saxicola torquata, Saxicola rubetra, Oenanthe hispanica, Parus major, Carduelis chloris, Carduelis carduelis, Carduelis spinus, Serinus serinus
Det: Sánchez-Marco

SP 102 Vanguard Cave (Gibraltar)

Type: c
Source: Cooper 2000, 2005, Cooper & Voous 1999
Date: LP Mousterian, 45-110 Ka BP
Fauna: Fulmarus glacialis, Pterodroma sp., Puffinus ?mauretanicus, Hydrobates pelagicus, Clangula hyemalis, Alectoris sp., Gyps fulvus, Falco naumanni, Uria aalge, Alca torda, Fratercula arctica, Columba cf oenas, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Coracias garrulus, Apus melba, Apus apus/pallidus, Hirundo sp., Cyanopica cyanus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula
Det: Cooper
Stored: Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, London

SP 103 Cova C-2 (Menorca)

Alt: 25
Type: c
Sources: Alcover 2001, Segui et al. 1998
Date: LP/Hol
Fauna: Puffinus undescr. sp., cf Branta/Anser sp., cf Turdus sp.
Stored: MNIB
Det: Segui

SP 104 Bobila Ordis (Gerona)

Type: o
Sources Mayr & Gregor 1999
Date: EP? Pleistocene/Pliocene border
Fauna: Gallinula cf chloropus
Stored: Naturmuseum Augsburg
Det: Mayr

SP 105 Cueva Negra del Estrecho del Río Quípar (Murcia)

Alt: 750
Type: c
Sources: Eastham 2001, 2005, Walker et al. 1998, Walker 2001
Date: LP Middle Palaeolithic 40-75 KA BP
Layer: Undisturbed sediments
Fauna: Tadorna ferruginea, Anas penelope, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas strepera, Anas crecca, Anas sp. , Netta rufina, Aythya ferina, Aythya nyroca, Buteo buteo, Buteo cf. rufinus, Aquila sp., Falco naumanni, Falco peregrinus, Alectoris rufa, Fulica atra, Pluvialis apricaria, Vanellus vanellus, Calidris minuta, Gallinago gallinago, Tringa hypoleucos, Columba livia, Strepopelia turtur, Tyto cf. alba, Apus melba, Apus apus, Merops apiaster , Alauda arvensis, Lullula arborea, Galerida cristata/theklae, Ptyonprogne rupestris, Riparia riparia, Hirundo rustica, Anthus spinoletta/campestris/richardi, Motacilla alba/cinerea, Monticola saxatilis, Monticola solitarius, Turdus merula, Ficedula hypoleuca, Parus major, Garrulus glandarius, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus corax, Corvus corone, Corvus sp., Fringilla coelebs, Carduelis chloris, Carduelis cannabina, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Miliaria calandra, Emberiza citrinella, Emberiza cirlus/cia
Layer: Unstratified superficial soil, possibly intrusive
Fauna: Anser sp., Milvus milvus, Falco tinnunculus, Gallus gallus, Alectoris cf barbara, Columba palumbus, Athene noctua, Caprimulgus europaeus, Picus viridis, Turdus philomelos, Acrocephalus arundinaceus
Det: Eastham
Notes: A k a Cueva Negra de la Incarnación

SP 106 Sima de las Palomas del Cabezo Gordo (Murcia)

Alt: 120
Type: c
Sources: Walker et al. 1998, Walker 2001
Date: Late MP/Early LP Middle Palaeolithic 50-150? KA BP
Layer: Undisturbed Pleistocene Breccia
Fauna: Columba livia, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Layer: Disturbed sediments
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Falco naumanni, Alectoris rufa, Columba livia, Athene noctua, Galerida cristata/theklae, Saxicola torquata, Monticola solitarius, Corvus corone, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Passer domesticus
Layer: Hillside mine rubble (mixed with modern bird species)
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax graculus, Emberiza sp.
Det: Eastham

SP 107 Ibex Cave (Gibraltar)

Alt: 250-300 Type: c
Sources: Cooper 2005, Stewart 1999, Sanchez-Marco 2004, (Cooper 2000b)
Date: LP Middle Palaeolithic, IS 3, ESR=37±3-49±3 KA BP
Fauna: Puffinus cf. puffinus, Sula bassana, Branta cf. bernicla, Haliaeetus albicilla, Aquila cf. chrysaetos, Falco naumanni, Falco tinnunculus, Falco peregrinus, Alectoris cf. rufa, Gallus gallus, Larus cf. cachinnans, Pinguinus impennis, Columba livia/oenas, Columbus palumbus, cf. Bubo bubo, Apus melba, Alaudidae indet., cf. Anthus sp., Prunella cf. modularis, Prunella cf. collaris, cf. Monticola solitarius, Turdus sp., Fringillidae indet., Coccothraustes/Emberiza sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus cf. corone, Corvus corax
Det: Cooper, Stewart
Stored: the Gibraltar Museum.

SP 108 Labeko Koba (Guipuzcoa)

Type: c
Alt: 246
Source: Elorza 2000
Date: LP
Layer: Sima
Fauna: Aegypius monachus, Pluvialis sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus
Date: LP Chatelperronian, AMS=34,215±1265 BP
Layer: IX
Fauna Anas sp., Aegypius monachus, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Date: LP Protoaurignacian, AMS=31,455±915 BP
Layer: VII
Fauna: Hirundo sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus
Date: LP, Early Aurignacian
Layer: VI
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax graculus
Date: LP, Early Aurignacian, AMS=30,615±820 BP
Layer: V
Fauna: Anas sp., Hirundo sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus
Stored: S. C. Aranzadi
Det: Elorza

SP 109 La Cueva del Llano (Canaries)

Type: c
Source: Castillo, Martín-Gonzalez & Coello 2001
Date: LP/Early Holocene 14C= 6,950±270 - 16,900±900 BP
Fauna: Haliaaetus sp., Coturnix gomerae, Turdus sp., Sylvia sp., Bucanetes githaginea

SP 110 Pontón de la Oliva (Madrid)

Source: Sanchez-Marco 2000
Date: LP?
Fauna: Corvus monedula?, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Det: Sanchez-Marco

SP 111 Atapuerca, Sima del Elefante (Burgos)

Type: c
Source: Rosas et al. 2001, 2004, Sanchez Marco 2004, 2006, van der Made et al. 2003
Date: EP, ca 1.3 – 1.4 MA BP
Layer: TE-14
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Perdix palaeoperdix,Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia/oenas,Corvus antecorax
Layer: TE-13
Fauna: Anas sp., Haliaetus albicilla,Columba livia, Turdus sp., Corvus antecorax
Layer: TE-12
Fauna: Perdix/Alectoris sp., Perdix sp., Coturnix sp., Columba livia, Turdus sp., Corvus sp., Corvus antecorax
Layer TE-10
Fauna: Haliaetus albicilla, Circaetus gallicus, Perdix palaeoperdix,Columba livia, Alaudidae sp., Turdus sp., Carduelis chloris,Corvus antecorax
Layer TE-9
Fauna: Haliaetus albicilla, Falco sp., Perdix palaeoperdix,Columba livia/oenas, Carduelis chloris,Corvus antecorax
Layer: Not stratified
Fauna: Anas sp., Buteo buteo, Falco cf tinnunculus, Perdix palaeoperdix, Coturnix coturnix, Vanellus vanellus, Lymnocryptes minimus, Columba livia/oenas, Phoenicurus ochruros, Turdus spp. Acanthis flammea, Carduelis carduelis, Carduelis chloris, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus corone/frugilegus
Det: Sanchez-Marco

SP 112 Unnamed fissure on Menorca (Baleares)

Type: c
Source: Bate 1916
Fauna: Branta leucopsis
Det: Bate

SP 113 Pala da Vella (Ourense)

Alt: 830
Type: c
Source: Fernandez Rodriguez et al. 1996
Date: LP?
Layer: 3
Fauna: Hirundo sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Elorza

SP 114 Pedrera de Gènova (Baleares)

Source: Mourer-Chauviré et al. 1977, Segui 1996
Date: EP, Villafranchian
Fauna: Turdus cf viscivorus
Det: Mourer-Chauviré

SP 115 Punta Esquitxador 12 (Baleares)

Type: o
Source: Alcover et al. 2005, Segui 1999
Date: LP?
Fauna: Falco sp., Rallus cf aquaticus, Gallinula chloropus, Rallidae sp., Grus grus, cf Alauda arvensis, Turdus sp., Passeriformes n. sp.
Det: Segui

SP 116 Punta Esquitxador 16 (Baleares)

Type: o
Source: Segui 1999
Date: MP?
Fauna: Otis tarda
Det: Segui

SP 117 Punta Esquitxador 17 (Baleares)

Type: o
Source: Segui 1999
Date: MP?
Fauna: Puffinus n. sp. 1, Puffinus n. sp. 2, Hydrobates pelagicus, Coturnix cf coturnix, Rallus cf aquaticus, Rallus sp. 2, Gallinula chloropus, Scolopax rusticola, Tyto balearica, Athene noctua, Erithacus sp., Sylvia sp. Passeriformes sp.
Det: Segui

SP 118 Punta des Sac des Blat (Baleares)

Alt: 3
Type: c
Source: Segui 1999
Date: LP?
Fauna: Puffinus mauretanicus, Anas sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Larus cf cachinnans, Uria cf aalge, Turdus sp., Passeriformes sp.
Det: Segui

SP 119 Sa Segonya (Baleares)

Alt: 20
Type: o
Source: Segui 1999
Date: MP?
Fauna: Accipiter nisus, Burhinus oedicnemus, Turdus sp., Pica sp., Corvidae sp.
Det: Segui

SP 120 Cala'n Blanes B (Baleares)

Alt: 4
Type: c
Source: Segui 1999
Date: LP Würm Pleniglacial?
Fauna: Calandrella sp., Prunella modularis, Prunella collaris, Erithacus rubecula, Turdus sp., Sylvia sp., Sylvia cf sarda, Lanius excubitor, Pica sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, cf Passer domesticus/hispaniolensis, Montifringilla nivalis, cf Carduelis chloris, Carduelis carduelis/cannabina, Carduelinae sp., Passeriformes sp.
Det: Segui

SP 121 Incarcal 1 (Girona)

Type: c
Source: Garcia i Petit 2002, 2003
Date: EP
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos
Det: Garcia i Petit

SP 122 Villacastín (Segovia)

Type: c
Source: Arribas 1994, 1995
Date: MP "Riss II-III"
Fauna: Perdix sp., Passeriformes sp.

SP 123 Gabasa I (Huesca)

Type: c
Sources: Hernandez-Carrasquilla 2001, Sanchez-Marco 2007a
Date: LP, IS 3, 34-42 KA BP
Layer: Level II, layer g
Fauna: Gyps melitensis
Det: Hernandez-Carrasquilla, Sanchez-Marco
Stored: MNCN

SP 124 Frontò des Molar (Mallorca)

Type: o
Sources: Alcover 2001, (Vicens et al. 1998)
Date: LP
Fauna: Puffinus mauretanicus

SP 125 Cova dels Amengual-Sastre (Mallorca)

Type: c
Sources: Trias, Bover & Alcover 2001
Date: LP
Fauna: Turdus n. sp.
Stored: MNIB

SP 126 Cueva de Abauntz (Navarra)

Alt: 610
Type: c
Sources: Altuna, Mariezkurrena & Elorza 2002
Date: LP Upper Solutrean
Layer: f + e limoso
Fauna: Bubo/Nyctea sp., Lagopus sp., Alectoris rufa, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Date: LP Middle Magdalenian ("Medio-Superior inicial") 14C = 13,500±160 BP
Layer: e
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos, Bubo bubo, Bubo/Nyctea sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Perdix perdix,Columba livia/oenas, Turdus sp., Corvus corax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Date: LP Upper Magdalenian ("Superior-final") 14C = 12,340±60, 11,760 ± 90 BP
Layer: 2r
Fauna: Aquila sp., Gyps fulvus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Perdix perdix,Columba livia/oenas, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Det: Elorza

SP 127 Cau d'en Borrás (Castelló)

Type: c
Sources: Sanchez Marco 2004
Date: LP Middle Palaeolithic, IS 4
Fauna: Tadorna tadorna, Anas penelope, Haliaeetus albicilla, cf. Aegypius monachus, Aquila chrysaetos, Falco naumanni, Falco tinnunculus, Alectoris rufa, Columba livia/oenas, Bubo bubo, Athene noctua, Apus melba, Anthus spinoletta, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus philomelos, Turdus cf. viscivorus, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone
Det: Sanchez-Marco

SP 128 Jarama 2 (Castilla – La Mancha)

Type: c
Sources: Arribas Herrera & Jorda Pardo 1999, Sanchez Marco 2004, 2007 (Adan et al. 1995)
Date: LP Early Magdalenian
Layer: II
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Netta rufina, Aquila chrysaetos, Buteo buteo, Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus mutus, Alectoris rufa, Perdix perdix, Tringidae indet., Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Strix aluco, Athene noctua, Alaudidae indet., Emberiza citrinella, Turdus iliacus/philomelos, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus monedula
Det: Sanchez-Marco

SP 129 Victoria (Murcia)

Sources: Sanchez Marco 2002, 2004, 2007
Date: EP, ca 1 - 1.3 Ma BP
Site: Utrillas
Fauna: Cygnus cf. olor, Tadorna tadorna, Falco naumanni, Tetrao tetrix, Alectoris graeca, Himantopus himantopus, Syrrhaptes/Pterocles sp., Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Tyto alba, Picus viridis, Dryocopus martius, Calandrella cf. brachydactyla, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Anthus spinoletta, Turdus sp., Sylvia hortensis, Sylvia. cf. atricapilla, Ficedula hypoleuca, Emberiza cf. citrinella, Sturnus sp., Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus monedula
Site: Utrillas II
Fauna: Cygnus cf olor, Alectoris graeca, Columba livia/oenas, Tyto alba, Prunella modularis, Emberiza sp., Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Site: La Manga
Fauna. Tadorna sp., Falco peregrinus, Columba livia/oenas, Sturnus sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Site: Taranc�n
Fauna: Columba livia/oenas, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus frugilegus
Site: Sta Maria de Iquique
Fauna: Charadriiformes indet., Columba livia/oenas, Tyto alba, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus antecorax
Site: Sta Berbara
Fauna: Columba livia/oenas, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus antecorax
Site: Descargador
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, Columba livia/oenas, Tyto alba, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Site: Sala de la M�sica
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, Columba livia/oenas, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Site: Ojos Negros
Fauna: Columba livia/oenas, Emberiza melanocephala
Site: �Collecion Villalta�
Fauna: cf Anas crecca, Milvus migrans, cf Aegypius monachus, Buteo cf buteo, Columba livia/oenas, Bubo bubo, Athene noctua, Strix aluco, Picus viridis, Carduelis carduelis, Corvidae indet., Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorac graculus, Corvus monedula
Det: Sanchez-Marco
Note: A. k. a. Cueva Victoria

SP 130 Barranco de Penescal (Fuerteventura)

Type: c
Sources: Sanchez-Marco 2003
Date: LP
Fauna: Puffinus holeae, Puffinus puffinus, Calonectris diomedea
Det: Sanchez-Marco

SP 131 Venta Micena (Granada)

Type: o
Sources: Martinez-Navarro 1992
Date: EP, c. 1.0-1.4 MA BP
Fauna: aff Laridae indet.

SP 132 Cova dels Ermitons (Sales de Llierca, Catalonia)

Alt: 400 Type: c
Sources: Garcia Petit 2005, Genover 1993
Date: LP Mousterian
Layer: IV
Fauna: Accipiter nisus, Columba sp.
Layer: V
Fauna: Columba sp.
Layer: VI
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax sp.
Det: Garcia-Petit

SP 133 Els Colls (Margalef de Montsant, Catalonia)

Sources: Garcia Petit 2005
Date: LP Upper Palaeolithic
Fauna: Perdicinae sp.
Det: Garcia-Petit?

SP 134 Balma del Gai (Moìa, Catalonia)

Type: c
Sources: Garcia Petit 2005
Date: LP Epipalaeolithic
Fauna: Columba palumbus
Det: Garcia-Petit?

SP 135 Font Voltada (Montbrió de la Marca)

Type: c
Sources: Garcia Petit 2005
Date: LP Epipalaeolithic, 14C=10,920±240 BP
Fauna: Galliformes sp.
Det: Garcia-Petit?

SP 136 Cova de la Guineu (Guardiola de Fontrubí, Catalonia)

Type: c
Sources: Garcia Petit 2005
Date: LP/Hol
Fauna: Falco naumanni, Galliformes sp., Phasianidae sp., Alectoris sp., Alectoris barbara, Columba sp., Picus viridis, Passeriformes sp.
Det: Garcia-Petit

SP 137 Cueva de El Esquilleu (Cantabria)

Type: c
Sources: Baena et al. 2005
Layer: III
Date: LP, 14C=12,050±130 BP
Fauna: Anseriformes sp., Charadriiformes sp., Columba livia, Turdus sp., Garrulus glandarius, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: VIII
Date: LP, 14C=34,380±670 BP (VIF)
Fauna: Columba livia/oenas, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: XIF
Date: LP, 14C=36,500±830 BP
Fauna: Columba livia/oenas
Det: Sanchez-Marco

SP 138 La Carihuela (Granada)

Sources: Sanchez Marco 2002
Date: LP
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Sanchez-Marco

SP 139 Cau de Olopte (Gerona)

Sources: Sanchez Marco 2002, 2007
Layer: Unstratified
Fauna: Prunella collaris, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Villalta
Date: LP, Late IS 4
Layer: C.B. III
Fauna: Alectoris graeca/rufa, Anthus spinoletta, Sturnus sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Pinicola enucleator, Carduelis chloris, Passer cf montanus, Emberiza calandra
Layer: Estrato 6
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Layer: Estrato 7
Fauna: Pinicola enucleator
Layer: Nivel B-12
Fauna: Tadorna sp., Anas penelope, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Layer: Unstratified
Fauna: Tadorna sp., Turdus pilaris
Det: Sanchez-Marco

SP 140 Carst de Prádena (Segovia)

Sources: Sanchez Marco 2002
Date: LP, Late IS 4
Fauna: Tadorna ferruginea
Det: Sanchez-Marco

SP 141 Niño (Albacete)

Sources: Eastham 2001
Date: Late Upper Palaeolithic
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Det: Eastham
Notes: Near Ayna

SP 142 Cova Forada (Alicante)

Sources: Eastham 2001
Date: Early Würm, Mousterian
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Det: Eastham
Notes: Near Oliva

SP 143 Matutano (Castellón)

Sources: Eastham 2001
Layer: III
Date: LP 14C=12,130 BP
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: II
Date: LP 14C=12,390 BP
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Eastham
Notes: In Sierra de las Alturas de les Contessas

SP 144 Santa Catalina (Vizcaya)

Type: c
Alt: 30
Sources: Elorza 2003, 2005
Date: LP LG-Early Holocene, Upper Magdalenian-Azilian 14C=9,100-12,400 BP
Fauna: Gaviidae sp., Podicipedidae sp., Sula bassana, Puffinus holeae, Puffinus olsoni, Phalacrocoracidae, Cygnus cygnus, Anser anser, Branta leucopsis, Tadorna sp., Anas acuta, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchus, Anas querquedula, Anas clypeata, Aythya ferina, Aythya fuligula, Somateria mollissima, Somateria spectabilis, Polysticta stelleri, Clangula hyemalis, Melanitta nigra, Melanitta fusca, Bucephala clangula, Mergus serrator, Charadriidae, Scolopacidae, Sternidae sp., Laridae, Alcidae
Det: Elorza
Notes: 70 species in all.

SP 145 Cova Bolumini (Valencia)

Type: c
Sources: Tortosa et al. 2002
Date: LP UP
Fauna: Alectoris rufa

SP 146 Cova de Blaus (Valencia)

Type: c
Sources: Villaverde et al. 1998
Date: LP Magdalenian
Fauna: Alectoris rufa

SP 147 Cau d'en Borr�s (Castell�n)

Type: c
Alt: 140
Sources: Sanchez-Marc� 2007a
Date: MP (Mindel) - LP
Fauna: Tadorna ferruginea, Anas penelopa, Haliaaetus albicilla, cf Aegypius monachus, Aquila chrysaetos, Falco sp., Falco naumanni, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Alectoris rufa, Columba livia/oenas, Bubo bubo. Athene noctua, Apus melba, Anthus spinoletta, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus sp., Turdus philomelos, Turdus cf viscivorus, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone
Det: Sanchez-Marco

SP 148 El Muscle (Barcelona)

Type: c
Alt: 0
Sources: Sanchez-Marco 2007b
Date: MP/LP
Fauna: Alectoris/Perdix sp., Columba livia/oenas, Turdus viscivorus, Fringilla coelebs, Pica pica, Corvus cf antecorax
Det: Sanchez-Marco

SP 149 Cau del Duc d'Ulla (Gerona)

Type: c
Alt: 250
Sources: Sanchez-Marco 2007b
Date: LP?
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Alectoris graeca/rufa, Bubo bubo, Apus cf apus, cf Nucifraga caryocatactes, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Sanchez-Marco

SWEDEN

SV 9 Hässleberga (Skåne)

Type: o
Sources: Magnell, Liljegren & Ekström 1999
Date LP LG Late Alleröd-Younger Dryas 14C=10,055-11,410 BP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos
Det: Liljegren?

SWITZERLAND

CH 30 Hauterive-Champréveyres (Neuchâtel)

Alt: 427
Type: o
Source: Morel, Leesch & Cattin 1998 (Morel & Müller 1997)
Date: LP Late Magdalenien ca 13,000 BP
Fauna: Gavia arctica, Podiceps nigricollis, Cygnus cygnus, Anatidae sp., Aquila chrysaetos, Lagopus sp.
Det: Morel?

CH 31 Monruz (Neuchâtel)

Alt: 428
Type: o
Source: Müller & Bullinger 2001
Date: LP Magdalenian
Fauna: Lagopus sp.

SYRIA

SY 3 Umm el Tlel

Type: o
Source: Griggo 1998,1999
Date: LP Mousterian
Layer: VI2 a
Fauna: Struthio camelus
Date: LP Mousterian
Layer: VI3 a'1
Fauna: Struthio camelus
Date: LP Mousterian, TL = 50,200±400, 55,800±400 BP
Layer: VI3 b'
Fauna: Struthio camelus
Date: LP Mousterian
Layer: VI3 b'1
Fauna: Struthio camelus

TADZHIKISTAN

TA 1 Ak-Chop Khrebet

Type: o
Source: Mikhailov & Kurochkin 1988
Date: LPl/EP
Fauna Struthio sp.

TURKEY

TK 2 Karain Cave (SW Anatolia)

Type: c
Source: Otte et al. 1998
Date: LP/MP 10-350 KA BP
Fauna: Buteo rufinus?, Bubo bubo, Asio otus

TK 3 Dursunlu (Southern Anatolia)

Type: o
Source: Louchart et al. 1998
Date: EP MNQ 20 Middle Biharian, ”Günz” ca 0.9-1.0 MA BP
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps nigricollis, Podiceps sp. nov., Phalacrocorax cf carbo, Bubulcus ibis, Ardeola ralloides, Nycticorax nycticorax, Ardeidae 2 spp., Platalea leucorodia, Cygnus sp. nov., Anser anser, Anser cf erythropus, Tadorna ferruginea, Tadorna sp., Anas platyrhynchos cf palaeoboschas, Anas penelope, Anas crecca, Anas acuta, Anas querquedula, Anas aff clypeata, Marmaronetta angustirostris, Aythya ferina, Aythya nyroca, Aythya fuligula, Aythya sp. nov., Somateria sp., Bucephala sp. nov., Mergus albellus, Oxyura leucocephala, Anatinae sp., Accipitridae sp., Perdix palaeoperdix, Rallus aquaticus, Crex crex, Porzana porzana, Gallinula chloropus ssp. nov., Fulica atra, Rallidae sp., Tetrax tetrax, Otididae sp., Gallinago gallinago, Limosa limosa, Tringa nebularia, Scolopacidae sp., Larus canus, Larus ridibundus/melanocephalus, Charadriiformes sp., Turdus cf pilaris, Fringillidae sp.
Det: Louchart

TK 4 Eskisehir

Alt: 60
Type: o
Source: (Gulec et al. 1999)
Date: EP “Middle Villafranchian”
Fauna: Struthio sp.
Stored: MTA Ankara
Notes: A. k. a. Yukari-Sögütönü

TK 5 ��a��zl� I cave (Hatay)

Type: c
Source: http://web.arizona.edu/~hatayup/index.htm
Date: LP UP, c. 30-45 KA BP
Fauna: Alectoris chukar, Accipitriformes

TURKMENISTAN

TM 1 Tcheleken

Type: o
Source: Dubrovo & Nigarov 1990
Date: MP
Fauna: Anser sp., Anas sp., Francolinus sp.
Det: Kurochkin

TM 2 Badkhyzskiy (Krasnovodsk peninsula)

Type: o
Source: Mikhailov & Kurochkin 1988
Date: EP
Fauna Struthio sp.

UKRAINE

UR 37 Emine-Bair-Khosar (SE Ukraine)

Type: c Alt: 985
Source: Gál 2005
Date: LP, Middle-Late Valdai
Fauna: Falco peregrinus, Columba livia, Bubo bubo. Alauda arvensis, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Gál

UNITED KINGDOM

UK 75 Boxgrove (Sussex)

Type: o
Source: Harrison & Stewart 1999, Stewart 1999
Date: MP, Cromerian ca 500-600 KA BP (probably MIS 13)
Layer: Quarry 1
Fauna: cf Cygnus cygnus, Anser anser, Anser sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Anas penelope, cf Anas querquedula, Anas crecca, Anas sp., Aythya fuligula, Bucephala clangula, Gallinula chloropus, Larus ridibundus, cf Rissa tridactyla, Strix aluco
Layer: Quarry 2
Fauna: Anas sp., Perdix perdix, Scolopacidae/Charadriidae sp., Pinguinus impennis, Apus apus, cf Erithacus rubecula, cf Prunella modularis, Sturnus/Turdus sp.
Det: Stewart & Harrison

UK 76 East Farm, Barnham (Suffolk)

Type: o
Source: Stewart 1998
Date: MP (probably IS 11)
Fauna: Anas sp., Anatidae sp., Columba cf palumbus, Turdus cf philomelus/iliacus, Passeriformes sp.
Det: Stewart

UK 77 Elbolton Cave (Yorkshire)

Type: c
Source: Chamberlain 2002
Date: LP, probably LG
Layer: Lower Cave Earth
Fauna: Lagopus mutus
Det: Raistrick
Stored: Craven Museum, Skipton, Cliffe Castle Museum, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Leeds

UK 78 Lynford (Norfolk)

Type: o
Source: Schreve 2006
Date: LP, Middle Devensian, 14C = >49,700-53,700 BP, OSL = 64,000-67,000 BP
Fauna: Porzana sp.
Det: Cooper

UK 79 Southfleet Road, Ebbsfleet (Kent)

Type: o
Source: Wenban-Smith et al. 2006
Layer: Unit 3
Date: MP, IS 11
Fauna: Anatidae sp.

UK 80 Pontnewydd Cave (Clwyd)

Type: c
Source: Eastham 2005
Date: MP/LP, 220-35 KA BP
Fauna: Anser anser, Branta bernicla, Branta leucopsis, Anas platyrhunchos, Melanitta nigra, Mergus merganser, Mergus albellus, Oenanthe oenanthe, Parus major, Carduelis chloris
Det: Eastham

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