(Pleistocene birds of the Palearctic)

Pleistocene birds of the Palearctic

Part 2
New Sites (322)

Algeria (2)
Austria (15)
Belgium (1)
Bulgaria (12)
China (12)
Czechia (2)
Egypt (7)
France (28)
Germany (13)
Georgia (1)
Greece (3)
Hungary (1)
Iraq (1)
Israel (12)
Italy (45)
Japan (6)
Jordania (1)
Libya (2)
Malta (2)
Moldova (2)
Montenegro (1)
Morocco (2)
Netherlands (2)
Norway (3)
Outer Mongolia (7)
Poland (8)
Portugal (4)
Russia (42)
Serbia (2)
Slovakia (3)
Slovenia (5)
South Korea (1)
Spain (56)
Sweden (1)
Switzerland (2)
Syria (1)
Tadzhikistan (1)
Turkey (4)
Turkmenistan (2)
Ukraine (1)
United Kingdom (6)

New Sites

ALGERIA

AL 5 Wadi Seguen (Constantine)

Type: o
Alt: 600
Sources: Thomas 1884
Date: LP?
Fauna: cf Struthio sp.

AL 6 Wadi Djelfa (Constantine)

Type: o
Alt: 1100
Sources: Thomas 1884
Date: LP?
Fauna: cf Struthio sp.

AUSTRIA

AU 28 Gamssulzenhöhle (Oberrösterreich)

Alt: 1300
Type: c
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997 (Frank et al. 1995)
Date: LP ca 25-38 KA BP
Fauna: Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Gallinula chloropus, Gallinago media, Corvidae, Turdidae
Det: Mlíkovský
Stored: Inst. Paläont. Univ. Wien

AU 29 Griffener Tropfsteinhöhle (Kärnten)

Alt: 484
Type: c
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997 (Thenius 1960)
Date: LP
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Stored: Kärntner Landesmuseum, Klagenfurt
Notes: A. k. a. Tropfsteinhöhle des Schlossberges bei Griffen

AU 30 Grosse Peggauerwandhöhle (Steiermark)

Alt: 510
Type: c
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Layer: 18-20
Date: LP Mid-Würmian 14C=31,800+5,600-3,300 BP (layer 18), 42,400±1,500 BP (layer 20)
Fauna: Coturnix coturnix, Gallinula chloropus, Corvidae
Layer: 7-10, 12, 14, 15
Date: LP Mid-Würmian 14C=32,570±380 BP (layer 7b), 37,400+1,800-1,500 BP (l. 10), 22,600+4,500-1,900 BP (l. 14-15)
Fauna: Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao urogallus
Det: Mlíkovský
Stored: Inst. Paläont. Univ. Wien, Landesmuseum Joanneum, Naturhist. Mus. Wien
Notes: A. k. a. Peggauer Höhle, Grosse Peggauer Felsenhöhle

AU 31 Kamegg (Niederösterreich)

Alt: 274
Type: o
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Date: LP Late Würm, Magdalenien, 14C=14,130±110, 13,840±120 BP
Fauna: Lagopus sp.
Stored: Höbarth-Museum in Horn

AU 32 Kleine Peggauerwandhöhle (Steiermark)

Type: c
Alt: 511
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Layer: 7
Date: LP Mid-Wurmian? 14C > 27,200 BP
Fauna: Lagopus sp., Corvus corax
Det: Mlíkovský
Stored: Inst. Paläont. Univ. Wien
Notes: A. k. a. Peggauer-Wandhöhle III, Kleine Peggauer Höhle

AU 33 Köhlerwandhöhle (Niederösterreich)

Type: c
Alt: 591
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Date: LP U/Th = 18±6 KA BP
Fauna: Pica pica
Stored: Inst. Paläont. Univ. Wien, Nat. Hist. Mus. Wien
Notes: A. k. a. Nixhöhle, Nixlucke

AU 34 Langmannersdorf (Niederösterreich)

Type: o
Alt: 205
Sources: (Angeli 1953), Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Date: LP Late Aurignacien 14C=20,580±170, 20,260±200 BP
Fauna: Aquila sp.
Det: Hauck, Sieber & Thenius
Stored: Nat. Hist. Mus. Wien

AU 35 Lettenmayerhöhle (Oberösterreich)

Type: c
Alt: 380
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Date: LP ”Jungwürm”
Fauna: Turdus iliacus
Det: Rabeder
Stored: Nat. Hist. Mus. Wien

AU 36 Lurgrotte (Steiermark)

Type: c
Alt: 419
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997, Mottl 1975 (Fladerer 1994)
Layer: Graue Schicht
Date: LP
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Mottl
Stored: Landesmuseum Joanneum, Landesverein für Höhlenkunde in der Steiermark

AU 37 Marchegg (Niederösterreich)

Type: o
Alt: 143
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997, (Rabeder 1992)
Date: LP UP?
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus
Det: Rabeder
Stored: Private collections of A. Panucek & H. Preisl

AU 38 Rittersaal (Steiermark)

Type: c
Alt: 505
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997, (Fladerer & Fuchs 1992)
Layer: 4
Date: LP 14C > 29,600 BP, Mid-Würmian?
Fauna: cf Pica sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: Unstratified
Date: LP
Fauna: Accipitridae sp
Stored: Inst. Paläont. Univ. Wien

AU 39 Teufelsrast-Knochenfuge (Niederösterreich)

Type: c
Alt: 597
Sources: Döppes & Rabeder 1997
Date: LP LG?
Fauna: Coturnix coturnix, Lagopus sp., Gallinago media, Falco vespertinus, Parus major, Parus cf ater, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Alauda arvensis, Corvus corax, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Jánossy
Stored: Naturhist. Mus. Wien
Notes: A. k. a. Knochenfuge

AU 40 Zigeunerhöhle (Steiermark)

Type: c
Alt: 395
Sources: Fladerer 2000
Date: LP LG Younger Dryas?
Fauna: Lagopus mutus

AU 41 Bärenhöhle (Steiermark)

Type: c
Alt: 1980
Sources: Mottl 1953b
Date: LP Early Würm?
Layer: c = "Dunkelbraune Phosphaterde"
Fauna: Lagopus mutus
Det: Mottl?
Notes: A. k. a. Hermann-Bock-Höhle

AU 42 Grub/Kranawetberg (Niederösterreich)

Type: o
Sources: Antl & Fladerer 2003
Date: LP Gravettian, 14C=24,620-25.450 BP
Fauna: Lagopus sp.

BELGIUM

BE 17 Grotte du Bois Laiterie (Namur)

Type: c
Alt: 120
Sources: Deville & Gautier 1997
Date: LP LG Magdalenian, Bölling 14C=12,625-12,665 BP
Layer: BD
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, cf Turdus sp.
Layer: BR
Fauna: cf Anas platyrhynchos, Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix
Layer: GBS
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus
Layer: UGS
Fauna: cf Anas platyrhynchos, Lagopus lagopus, cf Turdus sp.
Layer: LBS
Fauna: cf Anas crecca, Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Hirundo rustica
Layer: TT
Fauna: Anser anser?, cf Aythya fuligula, Buteo sp., Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Numenius phaeopus?, Bubo bubo, Hirundo rustica, Corvus monedula, Pica pica/Garrulus glandarius, Passeriformes
Layer:YSS
Fauna: Anser anser?, cf Anas platyrhynchos, Buteo sp., Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Perdix perdix, Numenius phaeopus, Bubo bubo, Corvus monedula, Passeriformes
Layer: BSC
Fauna: Perdix perdix, Asio sp., Hirundo rustica, Passeriformes
Layer: RS
Fauna: Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Passeriformes
Det: Laville

BULGARIA

BU 7 Mirizlivka

Type: c
Alt: 750
Sources: Boev 1995,1997,1998,1999a
Date: LP Late Würm, Late Palaeolithic
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Pica pica
Det: Boev
Stored: National Museum of Natural History, Sofia

BU 8 Tsareva tsarkva

Alt: 900
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1995,1998,1999a, 2001b
Date: LP
Fauna: Falco subbuteo, Coturnix coturnix, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Boev
Notes: A. k. a. Tsareva tsurkva

BU 9 Kozarnika cave

Alt: 250
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998a,b,1999a,2001a,d,2002
Date: LP, EUP (Gravettian), ca 19-26 KA BP
Layer: III-IV
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anserini sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco vespertinus, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrastes bonasia, Perdix paleoperdix, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Alectoris graeca/chukar, Crex crex, Gallinula chloropus, Porzana cf parva, cf Charadrius sp., Tringa totanus, Tringa stagnatilis, Tringa sp., Apus apus, Nyctea scandiaca, Aegolius funereus?, Athene noctua, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo daurica, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Riparia riparia, Anthus trivialis, Lanius collurio, cf Erithacus sp., Turdus merula, Turdus viscivorus, Monticola saxatilis, Carduelis cannabina, Carduelis carduelis, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, cf Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Fringilla coelebs, Loxia curvirostra, Pyrrhocorax cf pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone Corvus sp.
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS

BU 10 Cherdzhenitsa

Alt 200
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998,1999a,2000b,2006b,2006c
Date: EP MNQ 20, 1.0-1.2 MA BP
Layer: Trench Pr VI
Fauna: Coturnix coturnix, Dendrocopos minor, Anthus sp., Phylloscopus sibilatrix, Sylvia atricapilla, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Carduelis cannabina, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Det: Boev
Stored: NHNMS
Notes: A. k. a. Cave N15. Sometimes regarded as part of Temnata Cave (BU 4).

BU 11 Devetashka Cave

Alt: 250
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998a,d,1999a,c,2002
Date: LP Middle Paleolithic, ca 70 KA BP
Fauna: Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps grisegena, Anser cf erythropus, Branta ruficollis, Anas strepera, Anas clypeata, Anas penelope, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Anas acuta, Aythya fuligula, Aythya ferina, Aythya nyroca, Netta rufina, Accipiter nisus, Accipiter gentilis, Circus aeruginosus, Buteo buteo, Buteo lagopus, Aquila pomarina, Falco subbuteo, Falco tinnunculus, Falco vespertinus, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrastes bonasia, Perdix paleoperdix, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Phasianus colchicus, Alectoris graeca, Crex crex, Rallus aquaticus, Gallinula chloropus, Porzana pusilla, Tetrax tetrax, Recurvirostra avosetta, Himantopus himantopus, Vanellus vanellus, Tringa totanus, Tringa glareola, Tringa stagnatilis, Tringa ochropus, Actitis hypoleucos, Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago gallinago, Gallinago media, Pluvialis squatarola, Limosa limosa, Philomachus pugnax, Larus cf canus, Larus cf ridibundus, Sterna hirundo, Apus apus, Columba livia, Cuculus canorus, Strix cf uralensis, Strix aluco, Asio otus, Asio flammeus, Aegolius funereus, Athene noctua, Glaucidium passerinum, Surnia ulula, Dendrocopos major, Dendrocopos minor, Alauda arvensis, Eremophila alpestris, Lullula arborea, Hirundo rustica, Hirundo daurica, Anthus trivialis, Ficedula cf albicollis, Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos, Turdus iliacus, Turdus viscivorus, Lanius collurio, Sylvia communis, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Sturnus vulgaris, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pica pica, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus corax
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS
Note: A. k. a. Devetashkata and Devetatska peshchera.

BU 12 Filipovska Cave

Alt: 850
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998,1999a,2001a,b,2002
Date: LP (Late Würmian)
Fauna: Falco cf tinnunculus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus cf lagopus, Coturnix coturnix, Phasianus colchicus, Perdix perdix/palaeoperdixCharadriiformes sp., , Athene noctua, Hirundo rustica, , Erithacus rubecula, Prunella modularis, Muscicapidae sp., Sitta europaea, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Sturnus vulgaris, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pica pica, Corvus monedula, Corvus sp., Carduelis sp.
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS
Notes: A. k. a. Mishlovishka Cave

BU 13 Kozarskata Cave

Alt: 550
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998, 1999a, 2001c
Date: LP, »Pleniglacial 2»
Fauna: Perdix perdix, Turdus merula, Turdus iliacus, Lanius cf collurio, Corvus monedula
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS
Notes: A. k. a. Kozarska cave

BU 14 Mechata Dupka Cave

Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998,1999a
Date: LP
Fauna: Perdix perdix
Det: Boev
Notes: A. k. a. Mechata Doupka.

BU 15 Razhishkata Cave

Alt: 500
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998,1999a,2000c,2002
Date: LP LG “transition Late Pleistocene to Holocene”
Fauna: Anser sp., Anas sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrastes bonasia, Perdix paleoperdix, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Crex crex, Tringa cf stagnatilis, Apus melba, Asio otus, Athene noctua, Melanocorypha sp., Anthus cf trivialis, Anthus sp., Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Parus major, Sylvia sp., Petronia petronia, Carduelis chloris, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Fringilla montifringilla, Loxia curvirostra, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, cf Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus sp.
Det: Boev
Store: NMNHS
Notes: A. k. a. Rezhishkata, Razhishka, Razhiskatsa, Razhitska peshchera

BU 16 Toplya Cave

Alt: 450
Type: c
Sources: Boev 1998,1999a,2002
Date: LP, Würm
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Monticola saxatilis, Corvus monedula
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS

BU 17 Balsha

Alt: 600
Type: c
Sources: Boev 2001,2002
Date: EP, MNQ 18/19.
Fauna: Lagopus sp., cf Lagopus sp.
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS

BU 18 Kunino

Alt: 250
Type: c
Sources: Boev 2001,2002,2006a,2006c
Date: EP, Waalian-Menapian, 1.0-1.2 Ma BP to Middle Pleistocene
Fauna: Falco cf cherrug, cf Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao/Lagopus sp., Coturnix coturnix, Alectoris graeca, Sylvia cf atricapilla, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Acanthis cf cannabina, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Det: Boev
Stored: NMNHS

CHINA

CI 58 Jiulengshan (Guangxi)

Type: c
Sources: Zhao, Liu & Wang 1981
Date: LP
Fauna: Phasianidae sp.

CI 59 Luobidang Cave (Hainan)

Type: c
Sources: Hou 1998
Date: LP
Fauna: Leptoptilos javanicus, Buteo sanya, Francolinus sp., Lophura sp., Gallus gallus, Coturnix coturnix, Phasianus colchicus, Polyplectron bicalcaratum, Pavo muticus, Strix leptogrammica, Halcyon pileata, Pitta soror, Luscinia sibilans, Muscicapidae sp., Hirundo rustica
Det: Hou

CI 60 Dongfang Plaza, Wangfujiang (Beijing)

Type: o
Sources: Li, Feng & Yu 2000
Date: LP UP 14C=24,240±300-24,890±350 BP
Fauna: Struthio anderssoni, Phasianidae

CI 61 Locality 73118, Heshui (Gansu)

Type: o
Sources: Anon. 1975
Date: LP?
Layer: 7
Fauna: Struthio anderssoni

CI 62 Shuidonggou, Loc. 2 (Ningxia)

Type: o
Sources: Madsen et al. 2001
Date: LP 24,000-29,000 BP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

CI 63 Tengger Lakes area (Ningxia)

Type: o
Sources: Madsen et al. 2003
Date: LP Late Glacial?
Fauna: Struthio sp.

CI 64 Heitakou (Nei Monggol)

Type: o
Sources: Chow & Rozhdestvensky 1960
Date: EP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

CI 65 Majuangou (Hebei)

Type: o
Sources: Zhu et al. 2004
Date: EP 1.32-1.66 MA BP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

CI 66 Dabusu Lake (Jilin)

Type: o
Sources: Tang, Liu, Lin & Liu 2003
Date: LP
Fauna: Struthio anderssoni.

CI 67 Houhecun (Shaanxi)

Type: o
Sources: Wang 1988
Date: EP, “Middle Villafranchian”
Fauna: Struthio sp.

CI 68 lower Fenhe River (Shaanxi)

Type: o
Sources: Wang, Shao, Hu & Sun 2006
Date: EP, Sanmen formation
Fauna: Shanxiornis fenyinis

CI 69 Panxian Dadong (Guizhou)

Type: c Alt: 1630
Sources: Bekken et al 2004
Date: MP
Fauna: Aquila sp., Gruidae sp.

CZECHIA

CZ 56 Chlum Kom�n (Bohemia)

Type: c
Sources: Diedrich & Z�k 2006.
Date: LP Weichselian
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus

CZ 57 Koneprusy, Prosek dome (Bohemia)

Type: c
Sources: Diedrich & Z�k 2006.
Date: LP Weichselian
Fauna: Nyctea scandiaca

EGYPT

EG 40 Nabta Playa, Site E-77-3

Type: o
Sources: Gautier 1980
Date: LP/Hol Terminal Palaeolithic
Fauna: Struthio sp.

EG 41 Dakhleh Oasis

Alt: 150
Type: o
Sources: Churcher, Kleindienst & Schwarcz, 1999.
Date: MP, IS 7
Layer: Locality 348
Fauna: Struthio camelus, Grus grus
Layer: Locality 357
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas sp., Arenaria interpres
Det: Churcher

EG 42 Gebel Silsila X

Type: o
Sources: Churcher & Smith 1972 (Churcher 1972)
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Ardea cinerea, Anas crecca
Det.: Churcher
Notes: A. k. a. Kom Ombo GS X, ETE Locality 1348. Many identifications strongly questioned by Boessneck (1986)

EG 43 Gebel Silsila XIII, Sector 2

Type: o
Sources: Churcher & Smith 1972 (Churcher 1972)
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anas acuta
Det.: Churcher
Notes: A. k. a. Kom Ombo GS XIII, Sec 2, ETE Locality 1351, Gabal Silsila XIII. Many identifications strongly questioned by Boessneck (1986)

EG 44 Gebel Silsila IX

Type: o
Sources: Churcher & Smith 1972 (Churcher 1972)
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Platalea leucorodia
Det.: Churcher
Notes: A. k. a. Kom Ombo GS IX, ETE Locality 1347. Many identifications strongly questioned by Boessneck (1986)

EG 45 Makhadma 2

Type: o
Sources: van Neer 2002, van Neer, Paulissen & Vermeersch 2000
Det: LP LG, Esnan, 12,100-12,500 cal BC (12,060±100, 12,270±280 BP)
Fauna: Anatidae sp., Passeriformes sp.
Det: Van Neer

EG 46 Makhadma 4

Type: o
Sources: van Neer 2002, van Neer, Paulissen & Vermeersch 2000
Det: LP LG, 12,150-12,500 cal BC (12,320-12940 BP)
Fauna: Anatidae sp., Fulica atra
Det: Van Neer

FRANCE

FR258 Castiglione 1 (Haute-Corse)

Type: c
Alt: 120
Sources: Ferrandini et al. 1995, Louchart 2002, Mourer-Chauviré et al. 1997
Date: MP, probably late Middle Pleistocene
Layer: Site A, layers 3-4.
Fauna: Accipitridae sp., Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia, Columba palumbus, Tyto alba cf ernesti, Bubo insularis, Athene angelis, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula
Det.: Louchart, Mourer-Chauviré Stored: Musée de Sartène (Corse du Sud)
Notes: A. k. a. Oletta, Cast 1

FR259 Castiglione 3 (Haute-Corse)

Type: c
Sources: Louchart 2002, Louchart, Bedetti & Pavia 2005, Mourer-Chauviré et al. 1997, Salotti et al. 1997,2000
Date: MP 200-400 Ka BP
Layer: Locus CG (sites CG1-CG9)
Fauna: Anas cf crecca, cf Gypaetus barbatus, Gyps melitensis, Circus aeruginosus, Circus cf cyaneus, Aquila chrysateos, Aquila nipaloides, Buteo buteo cf arrigonii, Buteo rufinus cf jansoni, Accipiter nisus, Accipiter gentilis cf arrigonii, Falco biarmicus/peregrinus, Coturnix coturnix, Porzana porzana, Porzana cf parva, Otis tarda, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur, Bubo insularis, Otus scops, Athene angelis, Tyto balearica cyrneichnusae, Tyto alba cf ernestii, Merops apiaster, Upupa epops, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo sp., Anthus sp., Erithacus rubecula, Luscinia luscinia/megarhynchos, Turdus spp., Hippolais cf polyglotta, Muscicapa striata, Tichodroma muraria, Garrulus glandarius, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax,Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus corax, Sturnus sp., Serinus sp., cf Carduelis chloris, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Date: MP >350 Ka BP
Layer: Locus Inters (Intersection)
Fauna: Accipiter gentilis, Aquila nipaloides, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia, Tyto alba cf ernestii, Tyto balearica cyrneichnusae, Otus scops, Athene angelis, Dendrocopos major, Turdus iliacus, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone/frugilegus
Date: LP/Hol ca 17,000-9,000 BP
Layer: Locus PL (sites G,PL,OA,OB,EF,CY)
Fauna: Gypaetus barbatus, Gyps melitensis, Aquila chrysateos, Aquila nipaloides, Falco sp., Columba livia, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur, Tyto alba cf ernestii, Bubo insularis, Athene angelis, Lullula arborea, Hirundo sp., Erithacus rubecula, Turdus spp. Hippolais cf icterina, Muscicapa striata, Pipa pica, Pyrrhocorax graculus castiglionis, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax cf macrorhynchos, Corvus monedula,Loxia curvirostra
Det.: Louchart, Mourer-Chauviré Stored: Musée de Sartène (Corse du Sud)
Notes: A. k. a. Cast 3PL

FR260 Grotte Nord-Ouest de la Grotte de la Coscia (Corse)

Type: c
Alt: 10
Sources: Bonifay et al. 1998, Louchart 2002, Louchart, Bedetti & Pavia 2005
Date: LP ca 60-90 Ka BP
Layer: Grotte Est, layer B
Fauna: Botaurus stellaris, Ardeidae sp., Anas spp., Aythya sp., Clangula hyemalis, Melanitta sp., Haliaetus albicilla, Accipiter gentilis, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Coturnix coturnix, Porzana porzana, Rallidae sp., Calidris cf alpina, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia, Bubo insularis, Asio flammeus, Asio flammeus/otus, Coracias garrulus, Melanocorypha calandra, cf Eremophila alpestris, Turdus spp., Muscicapa striata, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus corax, Sturnus sp., Petronia petronia/Montifringilla nivalis, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Date: LP ca 60-90 Ka BP
Layer: Grotte Est, layer C
Fauna: Botaurus stellaris, Anas crecca querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas sp., Circus cyaneus/pygargus/macrourus, Accipiter nisus, cf Buteo buteo, Aquila nipaloides, Falco tinnunculus, Falco tinnunculus/columbarius, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Falco sp., Falco peregrinus cyrneus, Coturnix coturnix, Porzana porzana, Crex crex,Gallinula chloropus, Fulica atra, Tetrax tetrax, cf Calidris sp., Philomachus aff pugnax, Gallinago gallinago, cf Gallinago media, Scolopax rusticola, Limosa sp., Columba livia, Otus scops, Bubo insularis, Asio flammeus, Asio flammeus/otus, Apus melba, Coracias garrulus, Alauda arvensis, Motacilla cf flava, Turdus spp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Sturnus sp.
Date: LP ca 60-90 Ka BP
Layer: Grotte Est, structure D
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Anas crecca querquedula, Anas spp., Anas clypeata/penelope, Milvus milvus/migrans, Gyps melitensis, Accipiter gentilis, Buteo buteo, Buteo sp./Accipiter gentilis, Aquila nipaloides, Aquila sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco subbuteo, Falco tinnunculus/vespertinus, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Falco sp., Falco peregrinus cyrneus, Coturnix coturnix, Porzana porzana, Porzana parva/pusilla, Crex crex, Rallus aquaticus/Gallinula chloropus, Tetrax tetrax, cf Pluvialis squatarola, Vanellus vanellus, Philomachus aff pugnax, cf Gallinago gallinago, Scolopax rusticola, Limosa sp., Columba livia, Columba palumbus,Otus scops, Bubo insularis, Asio flammeus, Asio flammeus/otus, Caprimulgus europaeus, Coracias garrulus, Lullula arborea, Alaudidae sp., Anthus sp., Prunella collaris, Oenanthe cf oenanthe, Turdus spp., Turdus cf viscivorus, cf Lanius senator, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus corax, Sturnus sp., Petronia petronia/Montifringilla nivalis, Serinus sp., Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Miliaria calandra
Date: LP ca 60-90 Ka BP
Layer: Grotte Est, layer d'
Fauna: Ixobrychus aff minutus, Anser/Branta sp., Anas crecca querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos/acuta, Anas spp., Anas clypeata/penelope, Anas/Aythya sp.,Gyps melitensis, Circus cyaneus/pygargus/macrourus, Accipiter gentilis, Buteo buteo, Buteo rufinus, Aquila nipaloides, Aquila sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco subbuteo, Falco naumanni/vespertinus, Falco tinnunculus/columbarius, Falco tinnunculus/vespertinus, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Falco biarmicus/peregrinus, Falco peregrinus cyrneus, Falco sp., Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Rallus aquaticus/Porzana porzana, Crex crex, Rallus aquaticus/Crex crex, Fulica atra, Tetrax tetrax, Calidris minuta/temminckii, Calidris sp., Philomachus aff pugnax, Scolopax rusticola, Limosa sp., Tringa nebularia, Columba livia, Columba palumbus,Otus scops, Bubo insularis, Asio flammeus, Asio flammeus/otus, Caprimulgus europaeus, Caprimulgus cf ruficollis, Coracias garrulus, Melanocorypha calandra, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Motacilla cf cinerea/alba, Bombycilla garrulus, Prunella collaris, Turdus spp., Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus corax, Petronia petronia/Montifringilla nivalis, Fringillidae sp., Emberiza cf citrinella, Miliaria calandra
Date: LP ca 60-90 Ka BP
Layer: Grotte Est, layer E
Fauna: Anas spp., Circus aeruginosus, Circus sp., Accipiter nisus, cf Falco tinnunculus, cf Falco naumanni, Falco naumanni/vespertinus, Falco tinnunculus/columbarius, Falco tinnunculus/vespertinus, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Falco peregrinus cyrneus, Falco sp., Coturnix coturnix, Tetrax tetrax, Vanellus vanellus, cf Gallinago gallinago, Columba livia, Bubo insularis, Asio flammeus, Asio flammeus/otus, Caprimulgus europaeus, Coracias garrulus, cf Melanocorypha calandra, cf Alauda arvensis, Eremophila alpestris, cf Anthus sp., Prunella collaris, Oenanthe cf oenanthe, Turdus sp., Muscicapa striata, Sitta europaea, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus corax, Sturnus sp., Montifringilla nivalis, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Emberizidae sp.
Date: LP ca 60-90 Ka BP
Layer: Grotte Ext, layer 1-3,5
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas/Tadorna sp., Coturnix coturnix, Tetrax tetrax, Columba livia, Otus scops
Date: MP, Riss?
Layer: Grotte Ouest (Grotte W), layer 2
Fauna: Anas/Aythya sp., Accipitridae sp., Columba livia, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Pica pica/Corvus monedula
Date: MP, Riss?
Layer: Grotte Ouest (Grotte W), layer 3
Fauna: Anser/Branta sp., cf Aquila sp., Columba livia, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax macrorhynchos, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone/frugilegus
Det.: Louchart
Stored: Département des Sciences de la Terre, Lyon

FR261 Champs-Gaillards (Charente)

Type: o
Sources: Boule & Chauvet 1899
Date: LP?
Fauna: Tadorna ferruginea
Det: Milne-Edwards

FR262 Grotte de Bourrouilla (Pyrénées Atlantiques)

Alt: 75
Type: c
Sources: Eastham 1998b, 2000, 2001
Layer: A         Date: LP Azilian
Fauna: Nyctea scandiaca, Turdus iliacus
Layer: B2        Date: LP Late Magdalenian 14C=12,395±35, 12,260±120 BP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Nyctea scandiaca, Turdus philomelos, Corvus corax
Layer: C1        Date: LP Middle Magdalenian 14C=12,700±40 BP
Fauna: Nyctea scandiaca, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Layer: Unstratified (Déblais)        Date: LP Magdalenian-Azilian
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Cygnus cygnus, Anas sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Netta rufina, Mergus serrator, Buteo buteo, Aquila sp., cf Circaetus gallicus, Falco peregrinus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Haematopus ostralegus, Larus canus cf Fratercula arctica, Nyctea scandiaca, Dendrocopos minor, Alauda arvensis, Lullula arborea, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Hirundo rustica, Hirundo sp., cf Phoenicurus phoenicurus, Saxicola rubetra, Turdus merula, Turdus iliacus, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus sp., Muscicapa striata, Parus major, Garrulus glandarius, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus corax, Carduelis chloris, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Carduelis cannabina, Emberiza sp.
Det: Eastham
Notes: A. k. a. Arancou.z.

FR 263 Vaison-la-Romaine (Provence)

Sources: Cuisin & Vigne 1998
Date: LP Alleröd
Fauna: Otis tarda

FR 264 Grotte Vaufrey (Dordogne)

Type: c
Sources: Laroulandie 2000 (Rigaud 1988)
Date: MP Mousterian, IS 6-7
Layer: VIII
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax graculus

FR 265 Aven des Iboussières (Drôme)

Type: c
Sources: d'Errico & Vanhaeren 1999, Laroulandie 2000 (Gély & Morand 2000)
Date: LP LG Epipalaeolithic 14C=10,210±80 BP
Fauna: Podiceps cristatus, Ciconia ciconia, Aquila chrysaetos

FR 266 Grotte du Tai 2 (Drôme)

Type: c
Sources: Laroulandie 2000, Louchart & Soave 2002a,b, (Soave 1998)
Layer: IV
Date: LP Late Bölling, Magdalenien
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Otis tarda, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: IIIb
Date: LP Early Alleröd, Magdalenien
Fauna: Cygnus cf olor, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: IIIa
Date: LP Early Alleröd, Magdalenien/Azilien
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: IIb
Date: LP Middle Alleröd, Azilien
Fauna: Aquila cf chrysaetos, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: IIa
Date: LP Late Alleröd, Azilien
Fauna: Anatinae sp., Lagopus sp., Asio flammeus
Layer: I
Date: LP Late Alleröd, Azilien
Fauna: Lagopus sp.
Notes: A. k. a. Grotte de Thais

FR 267 Gritulu Cave (Corse)

Type: c
Alt: 150
Sources: Louchart 2002, Robert & Vigne 2001, 2002a,2002b (Vigne, Bailon & Cousin 1997)
Layer: Late Middle Deposits (LMD) (SU 49)
Date: LP Younger Dryas
Fauna: Gypaetus barbatus
Layer: Early Middle Deposits (EMD) (SU 5 to 2-50)
Date: LP Bölling?-Alleröd
Fauna: Gypaetus barbatus, Bubo insularis
Layer: Middle Deposits
Date; LP Bölling?-Younger Dryas
Fauna: Circaetus gallicus, Buteo cf lagopus, Aquila sp., Pandion haliaetus, Falco tinnunculus, Coturnix coturnix, Tringa ochropus, Columba livia, Turdus spp., Sylvia spp. Parus cf major, Lanius collurio/senator, Corvus monedula, Corvus corax, Sturnus sp., Fringillidae sp.
Det: Cuisin
Note: A. k. a. Luru-Gritulu Cave

FR 268 Aven Bouet (Hérault)

Type: c
Alt: 200
Sources: Brugal 1982
Date: LP LG 14C=15,460±190 BP
Fauna: Columba livia
Det: Mourer-Chauviré

FR 269 Conca (Corse)

Type: o
Alt: 330
Sources: Louchart 2002, Pereira, Ottaviani-Spella & Salotti 2001
Date: MP, Early Middle Pleistocene
Fauna: Tyto balearica cyrneichnusae
Det: Louchart
Notes: A. k. a. Punta di Calcina

FR 270 Corte (Corse)

Type: o
Alt: 320
Sources: Louchart 2002
Date: MP, Late Middle Pleistocene
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos, Bubo insularis, Anthus sp.
Det: Louchart

FR 271 L'Aven de Romain-La-Roche (Doubs)

Type: c
Alt: 410
Sources: Paupe et al. 2001
Layer: VI-VIIIb
Date: MP U/Th 150±18 Ka BP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Haliaeetus albicilla, Circus cyaneus, Buteo cf rufinus, Accipiter gentilis, Aquila sp., Falco cf peregrinus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Perdix/Alectoris sp., Pica pica cf major, Pyrrhocorax graculus cf vetus, Corvus sp., Corvus corax

FR 272 Marzal II (Ardèche)

Type: c
Sources: Debard 2003
Date: MP/LP ca 30 - 350 KA BP
Fauna: Accipiter nisus, Falco tinnunculus, cf. Circus sp., Alectoris graeca, cf. Perdix sp., Coturnix coturnix, Otis tarda, Scolopax rusticola,Columba palumbus, Burhinus oedicnemus, Asio otus, Strix aluco, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus pliocaenus/antecorax , Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Mourer-Chauviré

FR 273 Verberie (Oise)

Type: o
Sources: Laroulandie 2003 (David 1994)
Date: LP Magdalenian
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus

FR 274 Les Petits Guinards (Allier)

Type: o
Sources: Fontana et al. 2003
Date: LP Magdalenian, 14C =13,230-18,100 BP
Fauna: Anas crecca?, Anas cf querquedula, Aythya cf nyroca, Aythya sp., Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Porzana porzana, Pluvialis apricaria?, Pluvialis squatarola?, Charadriidae sp., Scolopacidae sp., Nyctea scandiaca, Bubo bubo?, Passeriformes sp.
Det: Mourer-Chauviré

FR 275 Grotte du Hyène ( )

Type: c
Sources: Fiore et al. 2004
Date: LP, Mousterian
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos
Det: Mourer-Chauviré

FR 276 Unikoté (Pyrénées Atlantiques)

Type: c
Sources. Michel 2005
Layer: Unikoté I, Niveaux 7-9
Date: LP
Fauna: Turdus philomela, Turdus merula, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: Unikoté I, Niveaux 10-12
Date: LP Early Würmian
Fauna: Turdus philomela, Turdus merula, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: Unikoté II, Niveau Sup.
Date: LP Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Accipiter gentilis, Strix aluco
Layer: Unikoté II, Niveau Plan
Date: LP Middle Palaeolithic, 14C=30,150±700 BP
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix

FR 277 Baume-Vallée (Haute-Loire)

Type: c Alt: 840
Sources: Gala, Raynal & Tagliacozzo 2005
Date: LP, La Ferrassie-type Mousterian, TL=78,500±7,500 BP, ESR=80,100±10,500 BP
Fauna: Anas penelope, Anas streperea/clypeata, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Anas sp., Aythya nyroca, Anatinae sp., Circus cf aeruginosus, cf Buteo buteo, Accipitridae sp., Falco sp., Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetraonidae sp., Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Phasianidae sp., Galliformes sp., Strix cf aluco, Asio otus, Asio cf flammeus, Asio sp., Strigiformes sp., Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula, Corvidae sp., Passeriformes sp.
Det: Gala & Tagliacozzo

FR 278 Carrière du Coustal à Noailles (Corrèze)

Type: o
Sources: Philippe, Mouret & Raynal 1985
Layer: 4-5
Date: MP, Late MP
Fauna: Perdix palaeoperdix, Coturnix coturnix, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus antecorax
Det: Mourer-Chauviré

FR 279 Coudoulous I (Lot)

Type: c
Sources: Jaubert et al. 2005
Layer: 5-8d
Date: LP/MP, ca OIS 7- OIS 5e
Fauna: Anas/Tadorna sp., Falco cf tinnunculus, Falco sp., Tetrao sp., Alectoris cf graeca, cf Alectoris sp., Perdix palaeoperdix, Coturnix coturnix, Porzana porzana, Gallinula cf gigantea,Charadrius morinelus, Pluvialis squatarola, Tyto alba, Glaucidium passerinum, Aegolius funereus, Caprimulgus cf europaeus, Apus cf submelba, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo sp., Anthus sp., Prunella modularis, Erithacus rubecula, Turdus spp., cf Perisoreus infaustus, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corax, Sturnus sp., Carduelis cf chloris, Fringillidae sp.
Det: Louchart

FR 280 Grotte de Noisetier (Hautes-Pyrénées)

Type: c
Sources: Laroulandie 2004c
Date: LP, Mid-Würmian
Fauna: cf Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus sp., Perdix perdix, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corax, Passeriformes small sp.
Det: Laroulandie

FR 281 Causse de Martel (Lot)

Type: c
Sources: Philippe 1997
Date: LP Würm
Fauna: Pyrrhocorax graculus

FR 282 Saint-Césaire ()

Type: c
Sources: Laroulandie 2004d
Layer: EJM (=4)
Date: LP EUP Evolved Aurignacian
Fauna: Gypaetinae sp., Charadriidae sp., Charadriiformes sp.
Layer: EJF (=5)
Date: LP EUP, Aurignacian I
Fauna: cf Anser sp., Anas crecca, Anseriformes sp., Gypaetinae sp., Lagopus sp., Pluvialis sp., Charadriiformes sp., Strigiformes sp., Corvus corax, Passeriformes sp.
Layer: EJO Sup. (=6) 14C=34,000±3,900, 30800±3,300 BP
Date: LP EUP Aurignacian 0?
Fauna: Anas acuta, Anas sp., Aythya sp., Anseriformes sp., Alle alle, Pluvialis sp., Strigiformes sp.
Layer: EJO (=6-7)
Date: LP
Fauna: Anseriformes sp., Accipitriformes sp., Lagopus sp.
Layer: EJOP Sup. (=8)
Date: LP EUP Chatelperronian 14C = 33,700 – 38,200 BP
Fauna: Anas cf acuta, Anseriformes sp., Charadriidae sp.
Layer: EJOP inf. (=9)
Date: LP EUP Chatelperronian?
Fauna: Gypaetinae sp., Charadriiformes sp.
Layer: EJOP (=8-9)
Date: LP EUP Chatelperronian
Fauna: Anser sp. Passeriformes sp.
Layer: 10
Date: MP Denticulate Mousterian 14C = 41,400±4,200 BP
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos
Det: Laroulandie

FR 283 Grotte du Bison (Yonne)

Type: c
Sources: David et al. 2006
Layer: C
Date: LP IS 2, 14C = 24,140�310 BP Fauna: Mergus serrator, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Galerida cristata, Alauda arvensis, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Hirundo rustica, Motacilla alba, Cinclus cinclus, Prunella modularis, Plectrophenax nivalis, Montifringilla nivalis, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: D
Date: LP IS 3, Late Chatelperronian, 14C = 33,670 - 34,050 BP
Fauna: Cinclus cinclus, Montifringilla nivalis, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: Unstratified
Date: LP
Fauna: Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Strix aluco, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Motacilla alba, Cinclus cinclus, Montifringilla nivalis
Det: Mourer-Chauvir�

FR 284 Roc de Marsal I (Dordogne)

Sources: Smirnov 1989
Date: LP Mousterian
Fauna: Alectoris barbara

FR 285 Gouffre du Haut de la Coume des Arrat (Hautes Pyr�n�es)

Type: c
Alt: 945
Sources: Clot & Evin 1986
Date: LP 14C = 11,630�280 BP
Fauna: Accipiter gentilis, Falco peregrinus, Columba cf livia, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax

GERMANY

BRD 160 Bottrop-Welheim ()

Type: o
Sources: Koenigswald, Sander & Walders 1996, (Koenigswald 1995)
Date: LP Middle Weichselian, <42 Ka BP
Fauna: Anser sp.
Notes: Bird tracks at a vertebrate tracksite.

BRD 161 Kettig (Rheinland-Pfalz)

Type: o
Sources: Baales & von Berg 1997.
Date: LP LG Late Alleröd
Fauna: Parus sp.

BRD 162 Miesenheim 4 (Rheinland-Pfalz)

Type: o
Sources: Baales & von Berg 1997, (Baales, M. & Street M. J. 1995).
Date: LP LG Late Alleröd
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix?
Det.: Street

BRD 163 Jungfernhöhle ()

Type: c
Source: Heller 1960a
Date: LP ”Würm 3”
Layer: d
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Crex crex, Turdus pilaris, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Soergel

BRD 164 Lobsing (Bayern)

Type: c
Source: Heller 1960b
Date: LP ”letztes Interglazial”
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Montifringilla sp.
Det: Heller?

BRD 165 Körnersche Kiesgrube, Berlin-Britz ()

Type: o
Source: Lehmann 1941
Date: LP Early Weichsel, ”Rixdorfer Stufe”
Fauna: Anser sp., Fulica sp.
Det: Soergel

BRD 166 Buhlen Upper Rock Shelter (Hessen)

Type: c
Source: Eastham 1998
Layer: I
Date: LP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Lagopus lagopus, Gallinago gallinago, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Layer: Loessic layers C,D,E,F
Date: IS 2/3, ca 15-40 Ka BP
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Perdix perdix, Gallinago gallinago, Bubo bubo, Lullula arborea, Corvus corone, Corvus monedula
Layer: Loessic layers Z and IIIbx
Date: IS 2/3, ca 15-40 Ka BP
Fauna: Anas sp., Lagopus lagopus, Perdix perdix, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Layer: II
Date: Early IS 3, ca 55 Ka BP, Mousterian
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Perdix perdix
Layer: IIIb
Date: Late IS 5a/Early IS 4, ca 70 Ka BP, Middle Palaeolithic ("Keilmesser")
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Perdix perdix, Turdus viscivorus, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Miliaria calandra
Layer: IIIc
Date: IS 5a, ca 75 Ka BP, Middle Palaeolithic ("Keilmesser")
Fauna: Cygnus columbianus, Anser sp., Anser cf fabalis, Anser cf erythropus, Anas sp., Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Mergus serrator, Aquila cf pomarina, Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Perdix perdix, Bubo bubo, Columba livia, Corvus corone, Corvus monedula, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Layer: IIId
Date: IS 5b, ca 85 Ka BP, Middle Palaeolithic ("Keilmesser")
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Accipiter gentilis, Tetrao tetrix,Lagopus lagopus, Perdix perdix
Det: Eastham

BRD 167 Kogelstein (Baden-Württemberg)

Type: c
Sources: Kind 2000, Mörike 2000
Date: LP Mousterian, 45-60 KA BP
Layer: AH 1o
Fauna: Anser fabalis, Branta/Tadorna sp. Buteo lagopus, Falco columbarius/tinnunculus, Tetrastes bonasia, Lagopus sp., Eudromias morinellus, Limosa sp., Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Bombycilla garrulus, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus iliacus, Pica pica, Corvus monedula, Pinicola enucleator, Loxia curvirostra, Fringilla sp., Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Plectrophenax nivalis, Emberiza citrinella
Layer: AH 1u
Fauna: Branta/Tadorna sp., Falco columbarius/tinnunculus, Rallus aquaticus, Lagopus sp., Perdix perdix, Asio flammeus, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Bombycilla garrulus, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus philomelos, Turdus torquatus, Garrulus glandarius, Pica pica, Corvus corax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Loxia curvirostra, Fringilla sp., Plectrophenax nivalis
Det: Mörike

BRD 168 Basthöhle bei Höfen (Baden-Württemberg)

Type: c
Sources: Ambros & Hilpert n. d.
Date: LP
Fauna: Delichon urbica, Corvus corone?, Corvus monedula?
Det: Mörike

BRD 169 Sesselfelsgrotte (Bayern)

Type: c
Sources: von den Driesch 2005
Layer: A
Date: LP/Hol
Fauna: Cygnus bewickii, Lagopus lagopus, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: B
Date: Younger Dryas, Epipalaeolithic
Fauna: Strigidae sp.
Layer: C
Date: LG, Late Magdalenian
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: E
Date: Late Middle Palaeolithic – Upper Palaeolithic (Gravettian)
Fauna: Lagopus sp., Philomachus pugnax, Bombycilla garrulus
Layer: G
Date: Middle Palaeolithic, MIS 3, Micoquien
Fauna: Cygnus cygnus, Branta bernicla, Aquila chrysaetos, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus sp., Tetrastes bonasia, Bubo bubo, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus torquatus, Turdus iliacus, Plectrophenax nivalis/Emberiza citrinella, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: H
Date: Middle Palaeolithic, MIS 3, Mousterian
Fauna: Bucephala clangula/Aythya marila, Haliaetus albicilla, Gyps fulvus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus mutus, Aegolius funereus, Apus melba, Hirundo rustica, Turdus iliacus, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Acanthis flammea, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: C-H
Date: LG – MIS3
Fauna: Lagopus mutus, Apus melba
Layer: I, “Nagerschicht”
Date: MIS 3, Örel interstadial?, ca 60 KA BP
Fauna: Bucephala clangula/Aythya marila, Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrastes bonasia, Perdix perdix, Charadrius dubius, Aegolius funereus, Strix aluco, Apus melba, Apus apus, Dendrocopos leucotos, Dendrocopos sp., Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica,Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus torquatus, Turdus iliacus, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Cinclus cinclus, Erithacus rubecula, Emberizidae sp., Plectrophenax nivalis/Emberiza citrinella, Fringilla coelebs/montifringilla, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: H-I-K
Date: MIS 3-4
Fauna: Haliaetus albicilla, Lagopus sp., Hirundo rustica, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Emberiza citrinella, , Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: K/i
Date: Border between MIS 3 and MIS 4
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tringa totanus, Asio flammeus, Apus melba, Alauda arvensis, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus torquatus, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Emberizidae sp., Plectrophenax nivalis/Emberiza citrinella, Loxia curvirostra, Perisoreus infaustus, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Layer: K/ii
Date: MIS 4, stadial
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus sp., Hirundo rustica, Turdus torquatus, Turdus iliacus, Emberizidae sp., Plectrophenax nivalis/Emberiza citrinella, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: K/iii
Date: MIS 4, stadial
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Emberizidae sp.,
Layer: K/L
Date: MIS 4, stadial
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Emberizidae sp., Plectrophenax nivalis/Emberiza citrinella, Loxia curvirostra
Layer: K
Date: MIS 4 or early MIS 3
Fauna: Falco peregrinus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Aegolius funereus
Layer: L
Date: LP MIS 4, c. 70 KA BP
Fauna: Falco columbarius, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus sp., Philomachus pugnax, Aegolius funereus, Hirundo rustica, Turdus torquatus/pilaris, Cinclus cinclus, Loxia curvirostra, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: M1
Date: LP Early Würm, border MIS 4/5a
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Hirundo rustica, Turdus viscivorus, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: M2
Date: LP Early Würm, MIS 5a
Fauna: Strix aluco, Cinclus cinclus
Layer: M3
Date: LP Early Würm, MIS 5a
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus sp., Bubo bubo, Cinclus cinclus, Nucifraga caryocatactes
Layer: N
Date: LP Early Würm, MIS 5a
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Dendrocopos major
Layer: O
Date: LP Early Würm, MIS 5a
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos, Picoides tridactylus, Turdus torquatus/pilaris
Layer: P
Date: LP Early Würm, MIS 5c
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos
Layer: Q
Date: LP Early Würm, MIS 5c/5e?
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus
Layer: S
Date: LP Early MIS 5e?
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix
Layer: West 1-3
Date: LP
Fauna: Strix aluco, Picoides tridactylus, Cinclus cinclus, Garrulus glandarius/Perisoreus infaustus
Det: von den Driesch

BRD 170 Abri Stendel XVIII (Niedersachsen)

Type: c
Sources: Staescher 2005.
Date: LP LG Magdalenian, 14C = 13,000 BP (cal)
Fauna: Anser sp., Lagopus sp.

BRD 171 Kleine Feldhofer Grotte + Feldhofer Kirche (Nordrhein-Westfalen)

Type: c
Sources: Kalthoff 2006
Date: LP Mousterian - LG (40-10 KA BP)
Fauna: Lagopus sp.

BRD 172 Lehmgrube Biedensteg (Hessen)

Type: o
Alt: 208
Sources: Diedrich 2006, Jacobshagen 1963
Date: LP IS4 ca 65-90 KA BP
Layer: IV
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Otis tarda
Layer: III
Fauna: Mergus serrator, Lagopus sp.
Layer: II
Fauna: Erithacus rubecula
Layer: I
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas penelope, Anas sp., Mergus serrator, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Scolopax ruaticola, Limosa limosa, Strix aluco, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Pyrrhula pyrrhula
Det: Soergel

GEORGIA

GE 22 Dzydzyana

Type:c
Sources: Burchak-Abramovich & Burchak 1982, (Bendukidze 1979)
Date: LP EUP
Fauna: Turdus merula, Garrulus glandarius, Fringilla coelebs
Notes: A. k. a. Dzudzuana

GREECE

GR 22 Kalamakia Cave (Lakonia)

Type:c
Sources: Darlas 2007, Roger & Darrias 1999
Date: LP Early - Middle Weichselian (IS 3-4)
Layer: III-V
Fauna: Puffinus cf yelkouan, cf Coturnix coturnix, Alectoris graeca, Columba livia, Otus scops, Corvus monedula, Pica pica

GR 23 Klisoura Cave I (Argolis)

Type: c
Sources: Komouzelis et al. 2001, Tomek & Bochenski 2001,2002
Date: LP Latest Aurignacian 14C=22,500±400, 26,000±500 BP
Layer: 6a
Fauna: Anser anser, Alectoris graeca, Alectoris cf graeca, cf Alectoris sp., Otis tarda, Turdus sp., Corvus corone
Date: LP Aurignacian Layer: III
Fauna: Alectoris graeca
Date: LP Latest Aurignacian
Layer: III'
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, cf Alectoris sp., Asio sp., Corvus monedula
Date: LP Latest Aurignacian
Layer: IIIb/c
Fauna: Alectoris graeca
Date: LP Aurignacian
Layer: IIIc
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, Alectoris cf graeca, cf Alectoris sp.
Date: LP Aurignacian, 14C=34,700±1600 BP
Layer: IIIe
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, cf Alectoris sp., Otis tarda
Date: LP Aurtignacian
Layer: IIIe'
Fauna: Anas crecca/querquedula, Alectoris graeca, Otis tarda
Date: LP Middle Aurignacian, 14C=31400±1000
Layer: IIIg
Fauna: Alectoris graeca
Date: LP Early Aurignacian, 14C=32,400±600 BP
Layer: IV
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, Alectoris cf graeca
Det: Bochenski, Tomek

GR 24 Kalo Choraphi Cave (Crete)

Type: c
Sources: Kuss 1965
Date: LP
Fauna: Columba sp.
Notes: A. k. a. Kalo Chorafi

HUNGARY

HU 70 Beremend 15 (Villány)

Type: c
Alt: 110
Sources: Jánossy 1987,1992
Date: EP ca 1.5 MA BP
Fauna: Ciconia stehlini, Anas crecca percrecca, Falco tinnunculus atavus, Francolinus minor, Francolinus capeki, Otis khosatzki beremendensis, Numenius cf arquata, Cuculus sp., Anthus sp., Serinus sp., Corvus janossyi
Det.: Jánossy

IRAQ

IRQ 5 Qermez Dere (Kurdistan)

Type: o
Alt: ca 350
Sources: Dobney, Beech & Jaques 1999
Date: LP/Hol c. 10,000 BP
Layer: Phase 2
Fauna: Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata, cf Pterocles orientalis, Alaudidae sp.
Layer: Phase 2.5
Fauna: Buteo buteo, cf Buteo rufinus, Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata, Alaudidae sp.
Layer: Phase 3
Fauna: cf Pernis apivorus, Buteo buteo, cf Buteo rufinus, Alectoris chukar, Chlamydotis undulata, Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata, cf Pterocles orientalis, Alaudidae sp.
Layer: Phase 4
Fauna: Buteo buteo, cf Ammoperdix griseogularis, Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata, cf Pterocles orientalis, Bubo bubo
Layer: Phase 5
Fauna: cf Buteo rufinus, Aquila rapax, Francolinus francolinus, Chlamydotis undulata, Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata, cf Pterocles orientalis
Layer: Phase 6
Fauna: Neophron percnopterus, Buteo buteo, cf Buteo rufinus, cf Alectoris chukar, cf Ammoperdix griseogularis, cf Francolinus francolinus, cf Anthropoides virgo, Chlamydotis undulata, Otis tarda, Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata, cf Pterocles orientalis, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Alaudidae sp.
Layer: Phase 7
Fauna: Neophron percnopterus, Buteo spp. Buteo buteo, cf Buteo rufinus, Aquila rapax, cf Ammoperdix griseogularis, Chlamydotis undulata, Otis tarda, Pterocles sp., cf Pterocles alchata

ISRAEL

IS 37 Ohalo 2 (Galilee)

Type: o
Alt: -210
Sources: Simmons & Nadel 1998
Date: LP Early Epipalaeolithic 14C=19,400 BP
Fauna: Podiceps auritus, Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps grisegena, Podiceps nigricollis, Tachybaptus ruficollis, Phalacrocorax aristotelis, Phalacrocorax pygmaeus, Ardea cinerea, Ardea purpurea, Ardeola ralloides, Egretta garzetta, Platalea leucorodia, Plegadis falcinellus, Cygnus bewickii, Cygnus cygnus, Anser albifrons, Anser anser, Anser fabalis, Tadorna tadorna, Alopochen aegyptiacus, Anas acuta, Anas capensis, Anas clypeata, Anas crecca, Anas penelope, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Anas strepera, Aythya fuligula, Aythya marila, Netta rufina, Mergus merganser, Mergus serrator, Melanitta fusca, Bucephala clanga, Haliaeetus albicilla, Milvus migrans, Circus aeruginosus, Circus cyaneus, Accipiter nisus, Accipiter gentilis, Melierax metabates, Buteo rufinus, Buteo buteo, Aquila rapax, Falco tinnunculus, Falco columbarius, Falco biarmicus, Falco cherrug, Alectoris chukar, Ammoperdix heyi, Coturnix coturnix, Fulica atra, Porphyrio porphyrio, Tetrax tetrax, Otis tarda, Himantopus himantopus, Recurvirostra avosetta, Vanellus vanellus, Numenius phaeopus, Numenius arquata, Arenaria interpres, Larus minutus, Larus sabini, Larus argentatus, Bubo bubo, Strix aluco/butleri, Corvus corone, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus
Det: Simmons & Nadel

IS 38 Tabun (Mount Carmel)

Type: c
Sources: Stewart 1999, 2007
Date: MP? IS 5-9?
Layer; C, D, Eb
Fauna: Sturnus cf vulgaris
Det: Stewart

IS 39 Qumran Cave 24 (Dead Sea)

Type: c
Alt: -285
Sources: Recchi & Gopher 2002
Date: LP LG Natufian 10,000-11,000 BP
Layer: 2
Fauna: Podiceps nigricollis, Anser sp., Columba livia, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus sp., Corvus corone, Corvus monedula, Sturnus vulgaris
Det: Recchi

IS 40 Upper Besor 6 (Negev)

Type: o
Sources: Horwitz & Goring-Morris 2000
Date: LP LG Terminal Ramonian ca. 12,500 BP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

IS 41 Nahal Rut 48A-D (Negev)

Type: o
Sources: Gilead & Marder 1989
Date: LP Geometric Kebaran
Fauna: Struthio sp.

IS 42 el-Wad terrace (Mount Carmel)

Type: o
Alt: 44
Sources: Bar-Oz et al. 2004
Date: LP LG Late Natufian
Fauna: Alectoris chukar

IS 43 Amud cave (Galilee)

Type: c Alt: -110
Sources: Rabinovitch & Hovers 2004
Layer: B1
Date: LP, Mousterian, c. 55 KA BP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Alectoris chukar, Vanellus vanellus, Scolopax rusticola, Corvus corone, Corvus monedula
Det: Simmons?

IS 44 Hayonim terrace (Galilee)

Type: o Alt: 230
Sources: Munro 2001,2003
Date: LP LG Younger Dryas, Late Natufian
Fauna: Alectoris chukar, Strigiformes sp.
Det: Munro

IS 45 Hilazon Tachtit (Galilee)

Type: c
Sources: Munro 2001, 2003
Date: LP LG Younger Dryas, Late Natufian, 14C = 10,750±150 BP
Fauna: Anas sp., Buteo buteo, Alectoris chukar, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia, Strigiformes sp., Apus sp.
Det: Munro

IS 46 Hefzibah

Type: o
Sources: Munro & Bar-Oz 2004
Date: LP Geometric Kebaran, 14.5-17 KA BP
Fauna: Alectoris chukar
Det: Munro?

IS 47 Meged Rockshelter (Galilee)

Type: o
Sources: Stiner 2005
Date: LP Kebaran, 18-22 KA BP
Fauna: Aquila sp., Buteo buteo
Det: Stiner?

IS 48 Misliya Cave (Mount Carmel)

Type: c
Sources: Yeshurun et al. 2007
Date: MP Early Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Struthio sp., Alectoris chukar
Det; Yeshurun?

ITALY

IT 125 Castelcivita (Salerno)

Type: c
Alt: 100
Sources: Cassoli & Tagliacozzo 1997b
Date: LP Mousterian, 14C=39,100-42,700 BP
Layer: 18,19,20,21,29,30,31,GRA
Fauna: Anas querquedula, Anas strepera, Anas penelope, Alectoris graeca, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Limosa limosa, Columba oenas, Asio otus, Delichon urbica, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus merula, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Date: LP Uluzzian, 14C=32,470-33,220 BP
Layer: 10,11,11-12,12-13,13-14,14,15,16,17,18,
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Aythya nyroca, Falco subbuteo, Falco naumanni, Alectoris graeca, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Crex crex, Arenaria interpres, Gallinago media, Philomachus pugnax, Burhinus oedicnemus, Larus ridibundus, Columba oenas, Otus scops, Athene noctua, Strix aluco, Asio otus, Coracias garrulus, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus iliacus, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Date: LP Protoaurignacian with Dufour blades 14C=31,950-32,930 BP
Layer: 8,9,10,11
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anas strepera, Buteo buteo, Alectoris graeca, Perdix perdix, Crex crex, Pluvialis squatarola, Numenius phaeopus, Columba oenas, Strix aluco, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Turdus viscivorus, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Date: LP Protoaurignacian
Layer: 1,2,8
Fauna: Anas crecca, Alectoris graeca, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Crex crex, Larus ridibundus, Columba oenas, Strix aluco, Caprimulgus europaeus, Turdus viscivorus
Det: Cassoli & Tagliacozzo

IT 126 Contrada Fusco (Siracusa)

Type: o
Alt: 5
Sources: Cassoli & Tagliacozzo 1996, Pavia 2000, 2001
Date: Late MP - Early LP "Elephas mnaidrensis faunal complex", ESR = 146,800±28.700 BP
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps auritus, Phalacrocorax carbo, Pelecanus crispus, Ixobrychus minutus, Botaurus stellaris, Egretta garzetta, Ardea cinerea, Plegadis falcinellus, Cygnus falconeri, Anser sp., Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas clypeata, Anas sp. Aythya sp. Mergus merganser,Oxyura leucocephala, Anatidae indet., Buteo buteo, Gyps melitensis, Accipiter gentilis, Aquila sp., Pandion haliaetus, Falco columbarius, Fulica atra, Grus grus, Grus cf melitensis, Tetrax tetrax, Otis tarda, Limosa limosa/lapponica, Numenius cf phaeopus, Scolopax rusticola, Tringa sp., Pterocles orientalis, Columba livia/oenas, Bubo bubo, Strix aluco, Athene noctua, Apus melba, Coracias garrulus, Sturnus vulgaris/unicolor, Corvus corone
Det: Pavia, Cassoli, Tagliacozzi
Stored: Museo Archeologico "P. Orsi" di Siracusa

IT 127 Capo Figari (Sardegna)

Type: o
Alt: 313
Sources: Louchart 2002, Pavia 1999
Date: Late MP or early LP
Fauna: Scolopacidae sp., Bubo insularis, Turdus sp.
Det: Pavia

IT 128 Grotta Breuil (Latina)

Type: c
Sources: Recchi 1996
Date: LP, Mousterian/Pontinian, ESR=37,000 BP
Layer: 3
Fauna: Circus macrourus, Alectoris barbara, Alectoris graeca, Alectoris rufa, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia, Columba oenas, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur, Apus apus, Caprimulgus europaeus, Hirundo rustica, Prunella collaris, Prunella modularis, Turdus iliacus, Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Monticola solitarius, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus corone, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Sturnus vulgaris, Coccothraustes coccothraustes,
Layer: 4
Fauna: Accipiter gentilis, Falco tinnunculus, Alectoris rufa, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia, Columba oenas, Columba palumbus, Apus apus, Hirundo rustica, Prunella modularis, Turdus iliacus, Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos, Garrulus glandarius, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Pica pica, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Fringilla coelebs, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Carduelis chloris, Loxia curvirostra
Layer: 5
Fauna: Columba livia, Columba oenas, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur, Caprimulgus europaeus, Hirundo rustica, Turdus iliacus, Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Corvus corone, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: 6
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, Alectoris rufa, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia, Columba oenas, Hirundo rustica, Turdus merula, Garrulus glandarius, Pica pica, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Corvus corax, Corvus corone, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Layer: 7
Fauna: Alectoris rufa, Columba livia, Columba oenas, Columba palumbus, Turdus merula, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: 8
Fauna: Columba livia, Columba oenas, Columba palumbus, Athene noctua, Merops apiaster, Corvus corone, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Layer: 9
Fauna: Columba livia, Columba oenas, Columba palumbus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Recchi

IT 129 Acquedolci (Sicilia)

Type: o
Alt: 140
Sources: Pavia 2000, 2001
Date: Late MP/Early LP "Elephas mnaidrensis faunal complex"
Fauna: Gyps melitensis
Det: Pavia

IT 130 Site K22 (Trapani)

Type: c
Alt: 55
Sources: Pavia 2000,2001
Date: Late MP/Early LP "Elephas mnaidrensis faunal complex"
Layer: 1-3
Fauna: Anas crecca/querquedula, Accipiter nisus, Coturnix coturnix, Columba palumbus, Strix aluco, Anthus sp., Erithacus rubecula, Turdus sp., Sylvia sp., Sturnus uncolor/vulgaris
Date: MP/LP
Layer: Unstratified
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Scolopax rusticola, Athene noctua
Det: Pavia

IT 131 Cretone (Roma)

Type: o Sources: Bedetti 2003, Di Canzio et al. 2002
Date: MP, probably IS 7
Layer: 3
Fauna: Anser cfanser, Corvus monedula, Pica pica, Passeriformes sp.
Det: Bedetti

IT 132 Grotta dei Fiori (Sardegna)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia & Bedetti 2002, 2003
Date: LP
Fauna: Ciconia nigra, Gypaetus barbatus, Aquila sp., Columba livia, Turdus viscivorus, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvus corax, Emberiza cirlus/schoeniclus
Det: Pavia & Bedetti

IT 133 Grotta delle Mura (Bari)

Type: c
Sources: Bedetti & Pavia 2003, Pavia 2000
Date: LP LG Epigravettian
Fauna: Phalacrocorax carbo, Anser anser, Anser sp., Branta sp., Perdix perdix, Tetrax tetrax, Otis tarda, Columba livia/oenas, Bubo bubo, Athene noctua, Upupa epops, Galerida cristata, Alauda arvensis, Sturnus vulgaris
Det: Pavia
Stored: Sezione di preistoria del Dipartimento di Archeologia dell'Università di Siena

IT 134 Cava Nuzzo (Lecce)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP IS 5
Fauna: Tadorna tadorna, Anas sp., Perdix perdix, Columba palumbus
Det: Pavia

IT 135 Cava L di San Sidero (Lecce)

Type: c
Sources: Bedetti, Pavia & Sardella. 2004, Pavia 2000, (de Giuli 1983)
Date: LP IS 5
Fauna: Alectoris rufa, Perdix perdix, Tetrax tetrax, Otis tarda, Charadriiformes sp., Athene noctua, Strigiformes indet., Pica pica, Corvus corone
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia dell'Università di Torino

IT 136 Grotta del Cavallo (Lecce)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP Uluzzian
Fauna: Branta sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas sp., Aythya sp., Falco columbarius, Perdix perdix, Tetrax tetrax, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Athene noctua, Alauda arvensis, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Det: Pavia

IT 137 Grotta della Serratura (Salerno)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP Tardiglacial
Layer: 8E
Fauna: Anser sp., Anas sp., Accipiter gentilis, Fulica atra, Tetrax tetrax, Columba livia/oenas, Turdus sp.
Layer: 8F
Fauna Anser sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Buteo buteo, Aquila sp., Falco tinnunculus, Porphyrio porphyrio, Fulica atra, Tetrax tetrax, Otis tarda, Numenius arquatus, Columba livia/oenas, Strix aluco, Bubo bubo, Athene noctua, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Coccothraustes coccothraustes.
Layer: 9
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Coturnix coturnix, Perdix perdix, Columba livia/oenas, Strix aluco, Hirundo daurica/rustica, Monticola sp., Turdus sp., Sturnus vulgaris, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corax
Det: Pavia
Stored: Sezione di preistoria del Dipartimento di Archeologia dell'Università di Siena

IT 138 Grotta Vascio o'funno (Napoli)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP Tardiglacial
Layer: 1
Fauna: Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Columba livia/oenas, Turdus sp., Garrulus glandarius
Layer: 2
Fauna: Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Turdus sp., Turdidae sp., Sylviidae sp.
Layer: 4
Fauna: Anas crecca/querquedula, Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Turdus sp.
Det: Pavia

IT 139 Grotta di Poggio Schinaldi (Palermo)

Type: c
Alt: 125
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: MP "Elephas falconeri faunal complex"
Fauna: Buteo buteo, Falco eleonorae, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Tyto n. sp., Athene trinacriae, Turdidae sp., Pica pica, Corvus corax
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Geologico "G. G. Gemmellaro" di Palermo

IT 140 Grotta Marasà (Palermo)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000, 2004, 2007
Date: MP, Early MP, �Elephas falconeri� faunal complex
Fauna: Phalacrocorax aristotelis, Anser anser, Branta cf ruficollis, Tadorna tadorna, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas clypeata, Anas sp., Aythya cf nyroca, Aythya sp., Anatidae indet., Accipiter nisus, Accipitridae indet., Falco subbuteo, Falco sp., Alectoris graeca, Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Crex crex, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur, Tyto mourerchauvireae, Bubo bubo, Strix aluco, Athene trinacriae, Aegolius martae, Asio sp. Apus apus/pallidus, Picus viridis, Dendrocopos leucotos, Hirundo daurica/rustica, Delichon urbica, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus corone, Corvus corax, Corvidae n. sp., Sturnus unicolor/vulgaris, Carduelis sp., Passeriformes indet.
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Geologico "G. G. Gemmellaro" di Palermo

IT 141 Grotta del Ponte (Palermo), Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia of the University of Torino (PU)

Type: c
Alt: 90
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: MP "Elephas falconeri faunal complex"?
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Limosa limosa/lapponica, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Athene trinacriae, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula, Corvidae n. sp., Sturnus unicolor/vulgaris, Carduelis chloris
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Geologico "G. G. Gemmellaro" di Palermo

IT 142 Contrada Annunziata (Ragusa)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: MP "Elephas falconeri faunal complex"
Fauna: Cygnus equitum, Anser sp., Anatidae indet., Grus grus, Grus melitensis, Scolopax rusticola, Charadriiformes indet., Turdus sp., Passeriformes indet.
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Comiso

IT 143 Comiso (Ragusa)

Type: o
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: MP "Elephas falconeri faunal complex", probably early MP
Fauna: Cygnus cf cygnus, Anser sp., Tadorna tadorna, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas sp., Aythya sp., Anatidae indet., Fulica atra, Grus cf melitensis, Numenius cf phaeopus, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur, Corvidae n. sp., Passeriformes indet.
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Comiso

IT 144 Casa Musenna (Ragusa)

Type: o
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: MP "Elephas falconeri faunal complex"?
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Comiso

IT 145 Contrada Pianetti (Ragusa)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP, IS 3?
Layer: Fessura B
Fauna: Anatidae indet., Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis cf apricaria, Columba livia/oenas, Athene noctua, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Det: Pavia
Stored: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Comiso

IT 146 Grotta di S. Teodoro (Messina)

Type: c
Alt: 150
Sources: Pavia 2000
Layer: Unit B
Date: LP, IS 2-4
Fauna: Branta sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco columbarius, Coturnix coturnix, Scolopax rusticola, Columba livia/oenas, Hirundinidae indet., Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Pavia

IT 147 Grotta della Za Minica (Palermo)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP, IS 3?
Fauna: Alectoris graeca, Rallus aquaticus, Columba livia/oenas, Athene cf noctua, Corvidae indet.
Det: Pavia

IT 148 Grotta delle Stalattiti o delle Pecore (Trapani)

Type: c
Sources: Pavia 2000
Date: LP?
Layer: Level 2 Fauna: Calonectris diomedea, Puffinus yelkouan, Phalacrocorax aristotelis, Accipiter gentilis, Accipitridae indet., Falco naumanni, Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Alectoris graeca, Tetrax tetrax, Cuculus canorus, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Athene noctua, Apus apus/pallidus, Picus viridis, Hirundo daurica/rustica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corone, Corvidae indet., Sturnus unicolor/vulgaris, Carduelis chloris, Emberiza sp.
Det: Pavia
Stored: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra (Università “La Sapienza”) di Roma.
Notes: A. k. a. Grotta del Faraglione

IT 149 San Maria d'Agnano (Puglia)

Type: c
Sources: Angelone et al. 2004.
Date: LP, 24-80 KA BP
Fauna: Ardeidae sp., Anser sp., Tadorna tadorna, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca, Anas sp., Buteo buteo, Falco sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco subbuteo, Falco columbarius, Alectoris cfr. A. greca, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Fulica atra, Columba livia, Columba palumbus, Asio sp., Athene noctua, Stix aluco, Coracias garrulus, Picus viridis, Sturnus vulgaris, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus corone,Corvus corax, Passeriformes indet.
Det: Pavia

IT 150 Caverna Generosa (Lombardia)

Type: c
Alt: 1450
Sources: Bona 2004, Bona et al. 2007
Date: LP, 38-50 KA BP
Layer: Galerie 3
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix
Det: Pavia
Note: A. k. a. Grotta dell'Orso, Grotta Generosa

IT 151 Riparo Mochi (Liguria)

Type: c
Sources: Stiner, Munro & Surovell 2000
Date: LP UP Early Aurignacian, 14C=32,280�580 BP
Fauna: Anseriformes, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Columba livia
Det: Recchi

IT 152 Pietrafitta (Perugia)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003, Bedetti & Pavia 2004a, Zucchetta, Gentile & Pavia 2004
Date: EP, MN 18, ca 1.5 MA BP
Fauna: Podiceps griseigena, Phalacrocorax cf carbo, Ixobrychus sp., Cygnus aff columbianus, Anas penelope, Anas clypeata, Anas crecca/querquedula, Aythya sepulta, Aythya aretina, Mergus merganser, Mergus serrator, Anatidae sp., Rallidae sp., Gallus nov. sp.
Det: Bedetti, Pavia
Stored: stabilimento del'Enel di Pietrafitta.

IT 153 Torre Picchio (Terni)

Type: o
Alt: 300
Sources: Bedetti 2003, Girotti et al. 2003
Date: EP, MN 18, ca 1.7-1.8 MA BP, S. Maria di Ciciliano Formation
Fauna: Ciconia nigra, Hieraaetus nov. sp.
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Museo Paleontologico “Ex Chiesa di S. Tommaso”, Terni
Note: A. k. a. Torre di Picchio

IT 154 Bacino Tiberino (Terni)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: EP, MN 18, ca 1.7-1.8 MA BP
Fauna: Phalacrocorax sp., Bubo bubo
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Museo Paleontologico “Ex Chiesa di S. Tommaso”, Terni

IT 155 Monte Riccio (Viterbo)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: EP, MN 18, ca 1.7-1.8 MA BP
Fauna: Bubo bubo
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Museo civico di Tolfa.

IT 156 Cave Pirro-dell'Erba (Foggia)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: EP, MNQ 19, ca 1.3 - 1.7 MA BP
Fauna: Geronticus eremita, Ciconiiformes sp., Anseriformes sp., Anatidae sp., Anser albifrons, Anser sp., Branta bernicla, Tadorna ferruginea, Anas penelope/clypeata, Anas clypeata, Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas sp, Aythya sp., Oxyura sp., Falco subbuteo, Falco peregrinus, Alectoris rufa, Alectoris sp., Alectoris/Perdix sp., Perdix nov. sp., Paleocryptonyx donnezanii, Galliformes sp., Grus grus, Otis tarda, Tetrax tetrax, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis apricaria, Scolopax rusticola, Numenius phaeopus/ tenuirostris, Tringa totanus, Tringa sp., Philomachus pugnax, Larus canus, Charadriiformes sp., Pterocles orientalis, Columba livia, Tyto aff. alba, Bubo bubo, Athene noctua, Jynx torquilla, Melanocorypha calandra, Calandrella brachydactyla, Galerida cristata, Alauda arvensis, Alaudidae sp., Anthus sp., Turdus sp., Turdidae indet., Sylvia cf. communis, Sylvidae sp., Garrulus glandarius, Pica pica, Pica pica/Garrulus glandarius, Pyrrhocorax graculus/Corvus monedula, Corvus pliocaenus, Corvidae sp., Sturnus sp., Fringillidae sp.
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università di Bari, il Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università degli di Roma “La Sapienza”, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università di Torino.

IT 157 Monte Peglia (Terni)

Type: c
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: EP, MNQ 20, ca 1.0 MA BP
Fauna: Hieraaetus nov. sp., Aquila sp., Accipitridae indet., Falco antiquus, Coturnix coturnix, Perdix sp., Columba livia minuta, Corvus pliocaenus
. Det: Segre, Bedetti
Stored: l'Istituto di Paleontologia Umana.

IT 158 Casal Selce (Roma)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: MP, Early MP, ca 600-700 KA BP
Fauna: Egretta garzetta, Plegadis falcinellus, Platalea leucorodia, Tadorna tadorna, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas penelope/clypeata, Aythya nyroca, Aythya fuligula, cf. Somateria sp., Mergus sp., Anatidae sp., Haliaaetus albicilla, Accipiter nisus, Buteo buteo, Perdix sp., Coturnix coturnix, Rallus aquaticus, Haematopus ostralegus, Scolopax rusticola, Charadriiformes sp., Columba palumbus, Alaudidae sp., Turdus philomelos/ iliacus, Turdus sp., cf. Sylviidae sp., Pica pica, Corvus corone/frugilegus,Passeriformes indet.
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università di Roma “La Sapienza”.

IT 159 Pagliare de Sassa (Abruzzo)

Type: c
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: MP, Early MP, ca 600-700 KA BP
Fauna: Anas sp.
Det: Bedetti

IT 160 Colle del Quirinale (Lazio)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: MP, <450 KA BP
Fauna: Anser anser, Anas platyrhynchos
Det: Bedetti

IT 161 Via Aurelia, KM 18.900 (Lazio)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: MP, late MP
Fauna: Anser anser
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Istituto di Paleontologia Umana.

IT 162 Prati Fiscali (Lazio)

Type: o
Sources: Bedetti 2003
Date: MP, late MP, IS 7
Fauna: Anser sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Oxyura leucocephala, Galliformes sp., Grus grus
Det: Bedetti
Stored: Museo di Paleontologia dell'Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”

IT 163 Monte Tuttavista (Sardegna)

Type: c
Alt: 836
Sources: Abbazi et al. 2004
Date: EP, Nesogoral fauna complex
Layer: Cave VII, Quarry Blocco Strada
Fauna: Strigidae sp.
Date: EP, Nesogoral fauna complex
Layer: Cave VI, Quarry 3
Fauna: Anatidae sp., Aquila sp., Accipitridae sp., Rallidae sp. 1, Rallidae sp. 2, Athene sp., Aves indet.
Date: Latest EP – Early MP
Layer: Cave X, Quarry 3 uccelli
Fauna: Alauda cf arvensis, Melanocorypha cf calandra, Carduelis chloris, Passeriformes sp.
Date: MP/LP, Praemegaceros-Tyrrhenicola fauna complex
Layer: Cave XI, Quarry canide
Fauna: Accipitridae sp., Bubo cf insularis, Strigidae sp., Pyrrhocorax sp., Passeriformes sp., Aves indet. Date: MP/LP, Praemegaceros-Tyrrhenicola fauna complex Layer: Cave XI, Quarry dic. 2001 Fauna: Anatidae sp., Athene sp., Pyrrhocorax sp., Turdus sp., Emberiza sp., Passeriformes sp., Aves indet. Date: MP/LP, Praemegaceros-Tyrrhenicola fauna complex Layer: Cave XI, Quarry 3 Fauna: Rallidae sp. 2, Hirundinidae sp. Date: LP, youngest fauna complex Layer: Cave VI, Quarry Banco 6 Fauna: Aquila sp., Buteo cf buteo, Accipitridae sp., Coturnix coturnix, Rallidae sp., Columba livia, Bubo cf insularis, Athene sp., Strigidae sp., Hirundinidae sp., Pyrrhocorax graculus, Pyrrhocorax sp., Corvus cf corone, Corvidae sp., Turdus sp., Muscicapa sp., Sylviidae sp., Sturnus sp., Passeriformes sp., Aves indet. Date: LP, youngest fauna complex Layer: Cave 7, Quarry 2 Fauna: Aquila sp., Coturnix coturnix, Bubo cf insularis, Pyrrhocorax sp., Corvidae sp., Sturnus sp., Carduelis chloris, Passeriformes sp., Aves indet. Det: Pavia Stored: Soprintedenzia par Beni Archeologici, Nuoro and Archaeological Museum of Nuoro

IT 164 Riparo Dalmeri (Trento)

Type: c Alt: 1240
Sources: Fiore & Tagliacozzi 2006
Date: LP, LG Epigravettian 14C = 11,000±115 BP (layer 26b)
Layer: 26c
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus cf lagopus, Lagopus cf mutus, Coturnix coturnix
Det: Gala & Tagliacozzo

IT 165 Grotta Continenza (L'Aquila)

Type: c Alt: 710
Sources: Alhaique et al. 2004
Date: LP-Hol Final Epigravettian-Sauveterrian, 14C= 9,300 – 11,500 BP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Aythya ferina, Fulica atra

IT 166 Tane delle Iene (Brindisi)

Type: c
Sources: Petronio et al. 2006
Date: LP ca 50 KA BP
Layer: US 8
Fauna: Otis tarda, Falco sp., Accipitridae sp.
Det: Gala & Tagliacozzo

IT 167 Avetrana (Taranto)

Type: c
Sources: Sardella et al. 2003
Date: LP?
Layer: 1
Fauna: Perdix perdix, Columba livia, Athene noctua, Pyrrhocorax graculus
Det: Pavia

IT 168 Riparo Cogola (Trento)

Type: c
Alt: 1070
Sources: Fiore & Tagliacozzi 2004
Date: LP-Hol 14C =9,820 � 10,640 BP
Layer: US 18,19,25
Fauna: Anseriformes sp., Tetrao tetrix, Galliformes sp., Passeriformes sp.
Det: Fiore & Tagliacozzo

IT 169 Grotta di Ortucchio (Aquila)

Type: c
Sources: Alhaique & Recchi n. d.
Date: LP Upper Palaeolithic
Fauna: Podicipediformes sp., Anseriformes sp., Anatidae sp., Branta bernicla, Aythya sp., Accipitriformes sp., Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Galliformes sp., Gallinula chloropus, Columba livia, Corvidae sp., Passeriformes sp.
Det: Recchi?
Note: 45 species of birds in all.

JAPAN

JA 20 Awa fissure (Okinawa)

Type: c
Sources: Matsuoka 2000
Date: LP
Fauna: Gallirallus okinawae, Scolopax mira
Det: Matsuoka
Stored: Chokei Kishaba pers. coll., National Science Museum, Tokyo

JA 21 Ihajo fissure (Okinawa)

Type: c
Sources: Matsuoka 2000
Date: LP
Fauna: Grus sp. nov., Sapheopipo noguchi
Det: Matsuoka
Stored: Chokei Kishaba pers. coll., National Science Museum, Tokyo

JA 22 Yudore B fissure (Okinawa)

Type: c
Sources: Matsuoka 2000
Date: LP
Fauna: Scolopax mira
Det: Matsuoka
Stored: Chokei Kishaba pers. coll., National Science Museum, Tokyo

JA 23 Kami-kurukubaru fissure (Okinawa)

Type: c
Sources: Matsuoka 2000
Date: LP
Fauna: Grus sp. nov., Rallina eurizonoides
Det: Matsuoka
Stored: Chokei Kishaba pers. coll., National Science Museum, Tokyo, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University

JA 24 Garabi-dou cave (Okinawa)

Type: c
Sources: Matsuoka 2000
Date: LP
Fauna: Gallirallus okinawae
Det: Matsuoka
Stored: Chokei Kishaba pers. coll., National Science Museum, Tokyo

JA 25 Ishisukuyama fissure (Ishigaki)

Type: c
Sources: Matsuoka 2000
Date: LP
Fauna: Anatidae sp., Rallina eurizonoides, Amaurornis phoenicurus, Streptopelia orientalis, Clumbidae sp., cf Otus manadensis, cf Strix uralensis, Hypsipetes amaurotis, Turdus pallidus, Fringillidae sp., Corvus connectens
Det: Matsuoka
Stored: Okinawa Prefectural Museum

JA 26 Kuzu� (Aso)

Type; c
Sources: Shikama 1937
Layer: Upper Kuzu� frm
Date: LP?
Fauna: Phasianus sp.
Notes: From sites Miyata Cave 1-2, Tuidi, Iduruhara

JORDANIA

JO 11 Wadi Mataha (Petra)

Type: o
Sources. Whitcher et al. 2000
Date: LP 10,300 - 14,500 BP
Fauna: Alectoris sp.

LIBYA

LB 2 Haua Fteah (Cyrenaica)

Type: c
Sources: MacDonald 1998, McBurney 1967
Layer: XI-XV
Date: LP, Iberomaurusian, 10,600-20,000 BP
Fauna: Struthio camelus, Geronticus eremita, Anas sp. Buteo buteo, Falco tinnunculus, Alectoris barbara, Tringa cf nebularia, Columba livia/oenas, Turdus sp.
Layer: XIV-XVII
Date: LP, Early Iberomaurusian – Late Dabban, 16,000-32,000(?) BP
Fauna: Alectoris barbara, Columba livia/oenas, Corvus monedula
Layer: XVI-XXI
Date: LP, Late Dabban, 20,000-40.000(?) BP
Fauna: Falco cf naumanni, Numenius cf phaeopus, Columba livia/oenas, Sturnus sp.
Layer: XXII-XXV
Date: LP, Early Dabban, 40,000-60,000(?) BP
Fauna: Columba livia/oenas, Turdus sp., Turdus/Sturnus sp.
Layer: XXV-XXVIII
Date: LP, Early Dabban – Late Mousterian, 32,000-70,000(?) BP
Fauna: Geronticus eremita, Alectoris barbara, Columba livia/oenas
Layer: XXVI-XXX
Date: LP, Late Mousterian, 60,000-70,000(?) BP
Fauna: Circaetus gallicus, Columba livia/oenas, Turdus sp., Corvus albus/ruficollis
Layer: XXXI-XXXV
Date: LP, Early Mousterian, 70,000-105,000(?) BP
Fauna: Anas clypeata, Aythya cf nyroca, Falco tinnunculus, Falco eleonorae, Falco cherrug, Alectoris barbara, Vanellus vanellus, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Apus melba, Turdus sp., Loxia curvirostra
Layer: DS 49-179
Date: LP, Pre-Aurignacian, >105,000(?) BP
Fauna: Anas sp., Falco sp., Alectoris barbara, Columba livia/oenas, Columba palumbus, Apus apus/pallidus, Turdus sp.
Det: MacDonald

LB 3 El Greifa E, Wadi el Adjal (Fezzan)

Type: o
Sources: Bednarik 1997
Date: MP U/Th ca 200 KA BP
Fauna: Struthio sp.
Notes: Eggshell

MALTA

MA 11 Mista Cavern

Type: c
Sources: Borg 1999
Fauna: Corvus monedula
Stored: BMNH

MA 12 Zebbug fissure

Type: c
Sources: Borg 1999
Fauna: Cygnus falconeri

MOLDOVA

MO 6 Vykhvatintsy cave

Type: c
Sources: Ganya 1971
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Perdix perdix, Columba cf livia, Turdus merula, Corvus monedula
Det: Ganya?

MO 7 Chishmikoi

Type: o
Sources: David et al. 1990
Date: EP
Fauna: Ardea sp., Tetrao tetrix, Palaeoperdix sp., Charadriiformes 2 spp., Rallidae 2 spp., Strix aluco, Corvus sp.

MONTENEGRO

MN 3 Trebacki krs

Type: c
Sources: Dimitrijevic, Gál & Kessler 2000
Date: LP, LUP Epigravettian
Layer: Ib
Fauna: Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Gallinago gallinago, Apus apus, Galerida cristata, Lullula arborea, Lanius minor, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus merula, Turdus pilaris, Turdus philomelos, Turdus cf torquatus, Turdus sp., Luscinia luscinia, Sturnus vulgaris, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Pinicola enucleator, Emberiza citrinella, Passeriformes sp.
Layer: II
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Crex crex, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Delichon urbica, Sturnus vulgaris, Fringilla montifringilla, Fringilla cf coelebs, Carduelis chloris, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Emberiza citrinella, Passer domesticus, Passeriformes sp.
Det: Gál & Kessler

MOROCCO

MR 6 Aïn Maarouf

Type: o
Sources: Geraads & Amani 1997, Geraads, Amani & Hublin 1992
Date: MP, Early MP, 700-800 KA BP
Fauna: Struthio sp.

MR 7 El Harhoura 1

Type: o
Sources: Aouraghe 2000
Date: LP Aterian, IS 3, TL=41,160±3,500 BP
Fauna: Struthio camelus

NETHERLANDS

NE 4 't Hospes (Overijssel)

Type: o
Sources: Bosscha Erdbrink 1998
Date: LP 14C=38,300±900 BP
Fauna: Cygnus bewickii
Det.: Bosscha Erdbrink

NE 5 Losser (Overijssel)

Type: o
Sources: Geel et al. 2006, Hanneke Meijer 2003, pers. com. and n. d.
Date: LP Middle Weichselian 14C=42,000-44,000 BP
Fauna: Gavia stellata, Cygnus cf bewickii, Anser anser, Anser albifrons, Branta leucopsis, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas sp., Mergus sp., Aythya cf marila, Aythya sp., Melanitta nigra, Haliaeetus albicilla, Haematopus ostralegus, Vanellus vanellus, Gallinago megala, Uria cf aalge, Tetraonidae sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp.
Det.: Meijer
Notes: Also known as Holt-und-Haar.

NORWAY

NO 3 Hamnsundhelleren (Sunnmöre)

Type: c
Alt: 60
Sources: Valen et al. 1996
Date: LP Ålesund interstadial 14C=28-32 KA BP
Fauna: Fulmarus glacialis, Branta/Anser sp., Somateria mollissima, Somateria spectabilis, Melanitta nigra, Melanitta fusca, Clangula hyemalis, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Alle alle, Alca torda, Uria sp., Cepphus grylle, Fratercula arctica, Plectrophenax nivalis
Det: Hufthammer.
Note: A few birds (probably including Alle alle) also from Hamnsund interstadial (ca 24.5 KA BP)

NO 4 Norcemgrotta (Nordland)

Type: c
Sources: Hufthammer 2001, Lauritzen et al. 1996
Date: LP Early Weichselian, 70+ KA BP
Layer: Ursus-horizon
Fauna: Phalacrocorax carbo, Somateria sp., Lagopus mutus

NO 5 Endletvatn (And�ya)

Type: o
Sources: Elverland et al. 2005
Date: LP Late Weichselian 18 KA BP
Fauna: Alle alle
Date: LP Late Weichselian 13 KA BP
Fauna: Alle alle
Det: Hufthammer.

OUTER MONGOLIA

MG 3 Tsagan-Agui Cave (Gobian Altai)

Type: c
Sources: Derevianko & Petrin 1995, Martynovich 2001,2002, Panteleyev 1997, 1998, 1999
Date: LP Latest Middle Palaeolithic or Earliest Upper Palaeolithic
Layer: Terrace Zone, Layer VI
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Aythya fuligula, Perdix daurica, Charadrius mongolus, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Athene noctua, Eremophila alpestris, Melanocorypha sp., Lanius sp., Oenanthe sp., Petronia petronia, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Date: LP Latest Middle Palaeolithic or Earliest Upper Palaeolithic
Layer: Terrace Zone, Layer V
Fauna: Anas sp., Anas cf querquedula, Falco tinnunculus, Charadrius mongolus, Scolopax rusticola, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Columba rupestris, Cuculus canorus, Athene noctua, Apus apus, Eremophila alpestris, Calandrella cinerea, Melanocorypha sp., Turdus sp., Petronia petronia, Bucanetes mongolicus, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Date: LP
Layer: Terrace Zone, Layer III
Fauna: Perdix daurica, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Athene noctua, Eremophila alpestris, Calandrella cinerea, Turdus cf ruficollis, Petronia petronia, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Date: LP
Layer: Terrace Zone, Layer II
Fauna: Falco naumanni, Perdix daurica, Charadrius mongolus, Scolopax rusticola, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Bubo bubo, Athene noctua, Asio cf flammeus, Eremophila alpestris, Calandrella cinerea, Turdus cf ruficollis, Monticola saxatilis, Petronia petronia, Bucanetes mongolicus, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Date: LP Latest Middle Palaeolithic or Earliest Upper Palaeolithic
Layer: Entrance Grotto, Layer 8
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos, Falco tinnunculus, Perdix daurica, Charadrius mongolus, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Columba rupestris, Athene noctua, Apus apus, Eremophila alpestris, Calandrella cinerea, Petronia petronia, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Date: LP Latest Middle Palaeolithic or Earliest Upper Palaeolithic
Layer: Entrance Grotto, Layer 7
Fauna: Charadrius mongolus, Scolopax rusticola, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Eremophila alpestris, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Date: LP Latest Middle Palaeolithic or Earliest Upper Palaeolithic
Layer: Entrance Grotto, Layer 5
Fauna: Anas cf querquedula, Perdix daurica, Charadrius mongolus, Scolopax rusticola, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Eremophila alpestris, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Date: LP
Layer: Entrance Grotto, Layer 3
Fauna: Struthio sp., Charadrius mongolus, Scolopax rusticoila, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Athene noctua, Apus apus, Eremophila alpestris, Galerida cristata, Fringillidae/Ploceidae sp., Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Podoces hendersoni
Det.: Martynovich.
Date: LP, 32-55 KA BP
Layer: Large Grotto
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Aquila chrysaetos, Falco tinnunculus, Falco cherrug, Alectoris chukar, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Columba rupestris, Athene noctua, Bubo bubo, Apus apus, Eremophila alpestris, Saxicola torquata, Turdus cf. naumanni, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Emberiza cf. cioides, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Petronia petronia
Det.: PanteleyevStored: Dept. of Ornithology, Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg
Notes: A. k. a. Tsagaan Agui

MG 4 Mogoj-Upagijn-Khets (Dornogov')

Type: o
Source: Mikhailov & Kurochkin 1988
Date: Pleistocene
Fauna Struthio sp.

MG 5 Ongon (Sukhebator)

Type: o
Source: Mikhailov & Kurochkin 1988
Date: Pleistocene
Fauna Struthio sp.

MG 6 Naran-Bulak (Ömnögov')

Type: o
Source: Mikhailov & Kurochkin 1988
Date: Pleistocene
Fauna Struthio sp.

MG 7 Tugrikijn-Us (Ömnögov')

Type: o
Source: Mikhailov & Kurochkin 1988
Date: Pleistocene
Fauna Struthio sp.

MG 8 Bain-Dzak (Ömnögov')

Type: o
Source: Mikhailov & Kurochkin 1988
Date: Pleistocene
Fauna Struthio sp.

MG 9 Tsagan Nor area (Ömnögov')

Type: o
Source: AMNH Catalog
Date: Pleistocene
Fauna: Struthio sp.

POLAND

PO 33 Deszczowa Cave

Type: c
Source: Cyrek et al. 2000
Layer: I/Ia
Date: LP Early Weichselian
Fauna: Anas clypeata, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus sp.
Layer: I/II/Ia/IIa
Date: LP Early Weichselian
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Scolopacidae sp.
Layer: III/IIIa
Date: LP Early Weichselian
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus sp., Gallinago gallinago, Scolopacidae sp.
Layer: IV/IVa
Date: LP Early Weichselian, Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Anser anser/albifrons, Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Limosa limosa, Scolopacidae sp., Corvus monedula
Layer: IV/V/IVa/Va
Date: LP Early Weichselian/Interpleniglacial Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Pluvialis squatarola
Layer: V/Va
Date: LP Interpleniglacial, Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Larus cf ridibundus, Scolopacidae sp.
Layer: V/VI/Va/VIa
Date: LP Interpleniglacial/Upper pleniglacial
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp.
Layer: VI/VIa
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial, Middle Palaeolithic, 14C=44,000 BP
Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Corvidae sp. (small)
Layer: VII/VIIa
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial, Aurignacian 14C=26,200 BP
Fauna: Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Coturnix coturnix, Gallinago media, Philomachus pugnax, Scolopacidae sp., Strix aluco, cf Picus viridis, Corvus corax, Corvus monedula, Garrulus glandarius
Layer: VIII/VIIIa
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial, Gravettian 14C=16,150-20,800 BP
Fauna: Branta bernicla, Aythya sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Perdix perdix, Limosa limosa, Scolopacidae sp., Corvus monedula
Layer: VIII-IX/VIIIa-IXa
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial/Late Glacial
Fauna: Scolopax rusticola, Pluvialis squatarola, Strix aluco
Layer: VIII-X/VIIIa-Xa
Date: LP/Hol Upper Pleniglacial/Holocene
Fauna: Gallus gallus, Pluvialis squatarola, Strix aluco, Asio otus, Garrulus glandarius
Layer: IX/IXa
Date: LP Late Glacial
Fauna: Falco sp., cf Pandion haliaetus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Limosa limosa, Pluvialis apricaria, Philomachus pugnax
Layer: IX-X/IXa-Xa
Date: LP/Hol Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Perdix perdix, Gallus gallus, Scolopacidae sp.
Layer: X/Xa
Date: LG/Holocene, Late Palaeolithic/Early Mesolithic
Fauna: Gallus gallus
Layer: XI/XIa
Date: LG/Holocene, Late Palaeolithic/Early Mesolithic
Fauna: Pluvialis squatarola
Det: Bochenski & Tomek

PO 34 Deszczowa Upper Rock Shelter

Type: c
Source: Cyrek et al. 2000
Layer: III/IV
Date: LP Early Weichselian
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix
Layer: IV
Date: LP Early Weichselian
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix
Layer: VIII
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial
Fauna: Branta bernicla, Anser anser/albifrons, cf Melanitta fusca, Melanitta nigra, Anas crecca/querquedula, Mergus merganser, Falco tinnunculus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Galliformes sp., Gallinago gallinago, Gallinago media, Scolopacidae sp., Corvus monedula, Corvidae sp. (small)
Layer: IX
Date: LP Late Glacial
Fauna: Mergus merganser, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp.
Layer: IX/X
Date: LP Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Anas clypeata, Mergus merganser, Falco tinnunculus, Falco naumanni/vespertinus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Crex crex, Scolopacidae sp., Corvus corax, Corvus monedula
Layer: X
Date: LP Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus sp.
Layer: XI
Date: LP Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Anas crecca/querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Scolopacidae sp., Corvus corax
Layer: Unstratified
Date: LP/Holocene
Fauna: Anser sp., cf Melanitta fusca, Anas platyrhynchos, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao tetrix, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Gallinago media, Scolopax rusticola, Corvus corax, Turdus philomelos
Det: Bochenski & Tomek

PO 35 Oblazowa Cave (Nowy Sacz)

Type: c
Alt: 670
Sources: Bochenski 2002, Tomek & Bochenski 1995, Tomek, Bochenski & Bochenski 2003
Layer: XX-XXI
Date: LP Early Glacial (XXI ca 100-105 KA BP), Middle Palaeolithic
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Asio flammeus
Layer: XIII-XIX, Middle Palaeolithic
Date: LP Early Glacial (including IS 5a)
Fauna: Anas crecca, Mergus merganser, Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Pluvialis cf apricaria, Numenius cf phaeopus, Tringa glareola. Aegolius funereus, Dendrocopos major,Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Anthus cf trivialis, Anthus sp., Oenanthe sp., Turdus cf philomelos, Turdus sp. Carduelis chloris
Layer: XII-XIX, Middle Palaeolithic
Date: LP Early Glacial/ Lower Pleniglacial
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Vanellus vanellus, Gallinago media
Layer: XII
Date: LP Lower Pleniglacial (IS 4)
Fauna: Lagopus sp., Gallinago gallinago, Gallinago sp.
Layer: X-XII
Date: LP Lower Pleniglacial/Interpleniglacial
Fauna: Anas querquedula/crecca, Falco cf tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Charadriiformes sp., Turdus iliacus
Layer: VIII-XI, 14C=30,600-32,400 BP (layer VIII), Upper Palaeolithic (VIII,XI)
Date: LP Interpleniglacial
Fauna: Cygnus sp., Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca, Anas querquedula/crecca, Aythya cf fuligula, Melanitta nigra, Falco tinnunculus, Falco tinnunculus/subbuteo, Falco naumanni/vespertinus, Falco rusticolus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Porzana porzana, Crex crex, Grus grus, cf Glareola sp., Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallinago gallinago,Gallinago media, Philomachus pugnax, Tringa sp., Larus canus, Cuculus canorus, Bubo bubo, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Anthus cf trivialis, Cinclus cinclus, Turdus cf pilaris, Turdus cf philomelos, Turdus philomelos/iliacus, Turdus viscivorus, Turdidae sp., Parus major, Garrulus glandarius, Pica pica, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Corvus monedula, Corvus corax, Sturnus vulgaris, Carduelis chloris, Carduelis sp., cf Montifringilla nivalis, cf Emberiza calandra
Layer: II-XI (mixed)
Date: LP Interpleniglacial/ Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Mergus merganser, Falco cf tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus,Tetrao tetrix, Gallinago media, Tringa sp., Corvus monedula
Layer: VII
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Porzana porzana, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallinago gallinago, Asio flammeus, Dendrocopos major, cf Galerida cristata, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Delichon urbica, Anthus sp., Turdus merula, Parus cristatus, Emberiza citrinella, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula
Layer: II-VII (mixed)
Date: LP Upper Pleniglacial/Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Anas cf platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Falco cf tinnunculus, Falco cf rusticolus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Scolopax rusticola, Tringa sp., Stercorarius parasiticus, Asio flammeus, Alauda arvensis, Turdus sp., Parus major
Layer: II-V, Upper Palaeolithic (III, V)
Date: LP Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Branta leucopsis, Branta bernicla, Anas cf penelope, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca, Anas querquedula/crecca, Clangula hyemalis, Melanitta nigra, Mergus merganser, Falco tinnunculus, Falco peregrinus, Falco sp., Bonasa bonasia, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus,Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Coturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus,Porzana porzana, Porzana cf parva, Crex crex, Otis tarda, Pluvialis apricaria, Pluvialis squatarola, Philomachus pugnax, Gallinago gallinago, Gallingo media, Numenius phaeopus, Tringa erythropus,Tringa totanus, Tringa glareola, cf Arenaria interpres, Alle alle, Columba palumbus, Bubo bubo, Strix aluco, Asio flammeus, Dendrocopos major, Galerida cristata, Lullula arborea, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo rustica, Anthus cf trivialis, Anthus sp., Bombycilla garrulus, Troglodytes troglodytes, Turdus cf merula, Turdus pilaris, Turdus philomelos, Turdus philomelos/iliacus, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus sp., Parus ater, Parus cristatus, Parus major, Sitta europaea, Pica pica, Nucifraga caryocatactes, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Loxia sp., Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Emberiza citrinella, cf Emberiza calandra, Montifringilla nivalis, Fringillidae sp.
Layer: I-II (mixed)
Date: LP Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca, Anas querquedula/crecca, Melanitta nigra, Mergus merganser, Falco tinnunculus, Falco peregrinus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus,Tetrao tetrix,Gallus gallus, Porzana cf parva, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallingo media, Numenius phaeopus, Tringa totanus, Charadriiformes sp., Glaucidium passerinum, Apus apus, Jynx torquilla, Galerida cristata, Lullula arborea, Eremophila alpestris, Hirundo rustica, Anthus trivialis, Anthus cf trivialis, , Anthus spinoletta, Anthus sp., Lanius cf excubitor, Lanius collurio, Saxicola rubetra, cf Oenanthe sp., Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos/iliacus, Turdus viscivorus, Ficedula cf parva, Parus palustris, Parus caeruleus, Parus major, Sitta europaea, Pica pica, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Sturnus vulgaris, Loxia sp., Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Emberiza citrinella, Emberitza calandra, cf Montifringilla nivalis
Layer XXII (unstratified)
Date: LP, Middle & Upper Palaeolithic
Fauna: Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus mutus, Crex crex
Layer: Unstratified
Date: LP
Fauna: Clangula hyemalis, Mergus merganser, Falco tinnunculus, Falco naumanni/vespertinus Bonasa bonasia, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Philomachus pugnax, Gallinago gallinago, Gallinago media, Tringa sp., Charadriiformes sp., Asio cf otus, Asio flammeus, Hirundo rustica, Anthus cf trivialis, Turdus cf merula, Turdus sp., Sylvia sp., Parus major, Montifringilla nivalis, Loxia sp., Sturnus vulgaris, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus corone
Layer: 2/88 (Unstratified)
Date: LP Late Glacial/Holocene
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Aythya fuligula, cf Clangula hyemalis, Falco cf tinnunculus, Falco cf columbarius, Falco naumanni/vespertinus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus,Tetrao tetrix, Cturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus, Crex crex, Gallinago gallinago, Gallingo media, Numenius phaeopus, Numenius arquata, Bubo bubo, Melanocorypha calandra, Parus major, Corvus monedula, Pyrrhula pyrrhula
Det: Bochenski, Bochenski & Tomek

PO 36 Dudka (Masuria)

Type: o
Sources: Tomek & Guminski 2003
Date: LP Alleröd 12,000-11,000 BP
Fauna: Phalacrocorax carbo
Date: LP/Hol Yonger Dryas - Early Preboreal 10.200-9,700 BP
Fauna: Anser anser, Anser sp.
Det: Tomek

PO 37 Krucza Skala (Czestochowa uplands)

Type: c Alt: 360
Sources: Bochenski & Tomek 2004
Layer: 1
Date: LP LG Bölling
Fauna: Fringillidae sp., Corvus monedula
Layer: 1/2
Date: LP LG Bölling
Fauna: Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Galliformes sp., Vanellus vanellus, Actitis hypoleucos, Philomachus pugnax
Layer: 2
Date: LP LG Bölling
Fauna: Branta bernicla, Anas crecca, Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Galliformes sp., Fulica atra, Pluvialis apricaria/fulva, Gallinago media, Philomachus pugnax, Charadriiformes sp., Asio flammeus, Lullula arborea, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corax
Layer: 2/3
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anser anser/fabalis, Branta bernicla, Tadorna tadorna, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula/crecca, Anatidae sp., Accipitridae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Galliformes sp., Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis apricaria/fulva, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallinago media, Gallinago gallinago, Limosa limosa, Numenius phaeopus, Tringa totanus, Actitis hypoleucos, Arenaria interpres, Philomachus pugnax, Larus cf ridibundus, Chlidonias hybridus, Lullula arborea, Hirundo rustica, Loxia cf curvirostra, Pica pica, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula
Layer: 3
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anatidae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Galliformes sp., Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis squatarola, Limosa sp., Sterna cf hirundo, Charadriiformes sp., Columba livia/oenas, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Passeriformes sp.
Layer: 3/4
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anatidae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Galliformes sp., Crex crex, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis apricaria/fulva, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallinago media, Gallinago gallinago, Gallinago sp., Arenaria interpres, Calidris alpina, Philomachus pugnax, Charadriiformes sp., Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Corvus monedula
Layer: 4
Date: LP LG, Alleröd, 14C=11,450±200 BP
Fauna: Anser anser/fabalis, Branta bernicla, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Anatidae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Galliformes sp., Fulica atra, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis squatarola, Numenius phaeopus, Arenaria interpres, Philomachus pugnax, Stercorarius parasiticus/longicaudus, Sterna cf hirundo, Charadriiformes sp., Columba palumbus, Columba livia/oenas, Asio otus/flammeus, Strigiformes sp., Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Passeriformes sp.
Layer: 4/5
Date: LP LG Alleröd
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula/crecca, Aythya marila, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Coturnix coturnix, Galliformes sp., Pluvialis squatarola, Philomachus pugnax, Charadriiformes sp., Strix aluco, Emberiza citrinella, Corvus corone
Layer: 5
Date: LP LG Alleröd
Fauna: Anser anser/fabalis, Anas strepera, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Anas querquedula/crecca, Anas clypeata, Anatidae sp., Accipitridae sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Galliformes sp., Porzana porzana, Gallinula chloropus, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis squatarola, Scolopax rusticola, Limosa limosa, Stercorarius parasiticus/longicaudus, Larus cf ridibundus, Sterna cf hirundo, Charadriiformes sp., Columba palumbus, Columba livia/oenas, cf Tyto alba, Strix aluco, Asio otus/ flammeus, Asio otus, Strigiformes sp., Coracias garrulus, Alauda arvensis, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus philomelos, Turdus sp., Sylviidae sp., Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvidae sp.
Layer: 5/6
Date: LP LG Alleröd
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anas querquedula, Falco tinnunculus, Falco peregrinus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Galliformes sp., Pluvialis apricaria/fulva, Pluvialis squatarola, Philomachus pugnax, Sterna cf hirundo, Charadriiformes sp., Columba palumbus, Asio flammeus, Hirundo rustica, Turdus viscivorus
Layer: 6
Date: LP LG Alleröd, 14C=11,210±80 BP
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas clypeata, cf Somateria mollissima, Anatidae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Galliformes sp., Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallinago sp., Arenaria interpres, Philomachus pugnax, cf Rissa tridactyla, Sterna cf hirundo, Charadriiformes sp., Asio flammeus, Dendrocopos major, Anthus trivialis, Turdus philomelos, Acrocephalus arundinaceus, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone, Corvus corax, Corvidae sp.
Layer: 7
Date: LP LG Dryas 3
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Aythya cf nyroca, Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus,Gallus gallus, Galliformes sp., Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago media, Gallinago gallinago, Tringa totanus, Columba palumbus, Picus canus, Lullula arborea, Phoenicurus ochruros, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Muscicapa striata, Garrulus glandarius
Layer: 7/8
Date: LP LG Dryas 3
Fauna: Lagopus sp., Hirundo rustica
Layer: 8
Date: LP LG Dryas 3
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Fulica atra, Vanellus vanellus, Gallinago gallinago, Arenaria interpres, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus viscivorus/pilaris,Corvus corone/frugilegus
Layer: 8/9
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anser anser/fabalis, Anas platyrhynchos, Anatidae sp., Accipitridae sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Crex crex, Fulica atra, Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago media, Gallinago gallinago, Numenius phaeopus, Philomachus pugnax, Charadriiformes sp., Columba livia/oenas, Strix aluco, Strigiformes sp., Caprimulgus europaeus, Lullula arborea, Hirundo rustica, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Carduelis sp., Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Passeriformes sp.
Layer: Unstratified
Date:
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Coturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus, Galliformes sp., Philomachus pugnax, Columba palumbus, Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula
Layer: I
Date: LP LG Bölling 14C=12,520±70 BP
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Galliformes sp.
Layer: I/II
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Galliformes sp., Rallus aquaticus, Lymnocryptes minimus, Sterna cf hirundo
Layer: II/III
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Lymnocryptes minimus, Philomachus pugnax
Layer: III
Date: LP LG Dryas 2/Alleröd 14C=11,980±70 BP
Fauna: Mergus albellus, Falco tinnunculus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Galliformes sp., Crex crex, Vanellus vanellus, Numenius phaeopus, Charadriiformes sp., Columba palumbus, Asio flammeus, Turdus merula, Garrulus glandarius, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone
Layer: III/IV
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Coturnix coturnix, Vanellus vanellus, Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago gallinago, Philomachus pugnax, Columba palumbus, Columba livia/oenas, Strix aluco, Turdus viscivorus, Sturnus vulgaris, Corvus monedula, Corvus corone/frugilegus
Layer: IV
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Podiceps cristatus, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula/crecca, cf Clangula hyemalis, Mergus albellus, Anatidae sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Galliformes sp., Fulica atra, Vanellus vanellus, Scolopax rusticola, Philomachus pugnax, Columba palumbus, Columba livia/oenas, Strigiformes sp., Dendrocopos major, Oriolus oriolus, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvidae sp.
Layer: IV/V
Date: LP LG
Fauna: Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Anas querquedula/crecca, Anas clypeata, Anatidae sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Lagopus sp., Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Gallus gallus, Rallus aquaticus, Porzana porzana, Vanellus vanellus, Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago gallinago, Philomachus pugnax, Columba palumbus, Columba livia/oenas, Strix aluco, Asio flammeus, Asio otus, Picus viridis, Anthus sp., Turdus merula, Turdus viscivorus, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus
Layer: V
Date: LP LG Dryas 3
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps cristatus/griseigena, Anser anser/fabalis, Anas penelope, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula/crecca, Anas clypeata, Anatidae sp., Buteo buteo, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Gallus gallus, Galliformes sp., Porzana parva, Porzana porzana, Fulica atra, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis apricaria/fulva, Pluvialis squatarola, Scolopax rusticola, Gallinago media, Limosa sp., Columba palumbus, Columba livia/oenas, Strix aluco, Asio flammeus/otus, Dryocopus martius, Picus viridis, Turdus merula, Turdus pilaris, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus viscivorus/pilaris, Turdus sp., Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Sturnus vulgaris, Garrulus glandarius, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus corone, Corvus corone/frugilegus, Corvidae sp.
Layer: Unstratified
Date: ?
Fauna: Tachybaptus ruficollis, Lagopus sp., Tetrao tetrix, Perdix perdix, Vanellus vanellus, Scolopax rusticola, Columba palumbus, Cuculus canorus, Turdus pilaris, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Garrulus glandarius
Det: Bochenski & Tomek

PO 38 Komarowa Cave

Alt: 340
Type: c
Sources: Tomek & Bochenski 2005
Layer: Cave B/D
Date: LP Late Glacial - Denekamp
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Oenanthe oenanthe
Layer: Cave D/E
Date: LP Denekamp/Hengelo
Fauna: Charadrius cf morinellus
Layer: Cave C
Date: LP LGM, 14C=24,450 BP
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos, Falco peregrinus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Pluvialis squatarola, Nyctea scandiaca, Tachymarptis melba, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus sp., Corvus monedula
Layer: Cave D
Date: LP Denekamp, 14C=28,500-35,500 BP
Fauna: Podiceps auritus / nigricollis, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, Buteo sp., Aquila chrysaetos, Falco tinnunculus, Falco subbuteo, Falco cherrug, Falco peregrinus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus muta, Lagopus lagopus / muta, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Galliformes indet., Rallus aquaticus, Crex crex, Porzana porzana, Gallinula chloropus, Tetrax tetrax, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis apricaria, Pluvialis squatarola, Gallinago media, Arenaria interpres, Columba palumbus, cf. Strix uralensis, Tachymarptis melba, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Alaudidae indet., Hirundo rustica, Anthus pratensis, Anthus cf. trivialis, Lanius excubitor, Phoenicurus sp., Oenanthe oenanthe, cf. Monticola saxatilis, Turdus merula, Turdus pilaris, Turdus philomelos, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus sp., Turdidae, Ficedula hypoleuca, Sitta europaea, Emberiza citrinella, cf. Calcarius lapponicus, cf. Plectrophenax nivalis, Fringilla cf. coelebs, Carduelis chloris, Carduelis carduelis, Loxia cf. curvirostra, Loxia sp., cf. Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Montifringilla nivalis, Sturnus vulgaris, Oriolus oriolus, Corvus monedula, Corvus corax, Corvidae (small), Passeriformes indet
Layer: Cave E
Date: LP Hengelo, 14C=39,900 BP
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula, cf Mergellus albellus, Anatidae (middle sized duck), Accipitridae (size of Aquila clanga/ pomarina), Falco tinnunculus, Falco columbarius, Falco subbuteo, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus lagopus / muta, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao sp., Galliformes indet., Tetrax tetrax, Pluvialis apricaria, Charadrius cf. morinellus, Charadrius sp., Gallinago media, Gallinago gallinago, Arenaria interpres, Philomachus pugnax, Bubo bubo, Tachymarptis melba, Lullula arborea, Alauda arvensis, Alaudidae indet., Hirundo rustica, Delichon urbicum, cf. Motacilla alba, Lanius excubitor, Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus merula, Turdus pilaris, Turdus cf. iliacus, Turdus philomelos, Turdus sp., Sitta europaea, Emberiza citrinella, cf. Plectrophenax nivalis, Carduelis chloris, Montifringilla nivalis, Sturnus vulgaris, Garrulus glandarius, cf. Pyrrhocorax graculus, Corvus monedula, Corvus corax, Corvidae (small), Passeriformes indet
Layer: Cave F
Date: LP, IS 4
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Alauda arvensis,Delichon urbica, Sturnus vulgaris
Layer: Cave G
Date: LP, IS 5a
Fauna: Anas querquedula/crecca, Lagopus lagopus, Tetrao tetrix, Turdus viscivorus, Fringilla cf. coelebs, Loxia cf curvirostra
Layer: Cave G4
Date: LP, IS 5a
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix
Layer: Cave H
Date: LP, IS 5b
Fauna: Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus
Layer: Terrace A/B
Date: LP, Late Glacial-Holocene
Fauna: Aquila chrysaetos, Lagopus lagopus, Corvus monedula
Layer: Terrace B
Date: LP, Late Glacial, TL=9.900-16,300 BP
Fauna: Branta leucopsis, Branta bernicla, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas querquedula /crecca, Falco cherrug, Falco cherrug /rusticolus, Falco rusticolus, Falco sp., Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus muta, Lagopus lagopus/muta, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Tetrao sp., Galliformes indet., Porzana porzana, Fulica atra, Pluvialis apricaria / fulva, Pluvialis squatarola, Charadrius cf. dubius, Charadrius cf. morinellus, Lymnocryptes minimus, Gallinago media, Limosa limosa, Arenaria interpres, Philomachus pugnax, Tringa totanus, Tringa cf. nebularia, Larus ridibundus, Charadriiformes indet size of T. nebularia, Caprimulgus europaeus, Picus canus, Piciformes indet., Alauda arvensis, Hirundo rustica, Anthus cf. pratensis, Anthus sp., Erithacus rubecula, Phoenicurus sp., Oenanthe oenanthe, Turdus merula, Turdus pilaris, Turdus viscivorus, Turdus sp., Emberiza citrinella, Carduelis chloris, Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Fringillidae size of C. chloris, Montifringilla nivalis, Pica pica, Corvus monedula, Corvidae (small)
Layer: Terrace B5
Date: LP, Late Glacial, TL=9.900-16,300 BP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus lagopus/muta, Tetrao tetrix, Galliformes indet., Lullula arborea, Carduelis cf. carduelis, Corvus monedula
Layer: Terrace Z
Date: LP, Hengelo 1, 14C=37,500-43,900 BP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus lagopus/muta, Tetrao tetrix, Tetrao urogallus, Galliformes indet., Lymnocryptes minimus, Tringa erythropus, Actitis hypoleucos, Alauda arvensis
Layer: Terrace B/F´
Date: LP, IS 4
Fauna: Branta leucopsis, Anas platyrhynchos, cf. Aythya marila, Falco cherrug /rusticolus, Falco rusticolus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus muta, Lagopus lagopus/muta, Tetrao tetrix, Fulica atra, Vanellus vanellus, Pluvialis apricaria / fulva, Pluvialis squatarola, Oenanthe oenanthe, Corvus monedula, Corvidae (small), Passeriformes indet.
Layer: Terrace Ft
Date: LP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus muta, Corvus monedula
Layer: Terrace Gtx
Date: LP, IS 5b?
Fauna: Dendrocopos major, Turdus sp.
Det: Tomek & Bochenski

PO 39 Bisnik Cave (Czestochowa uplands)

Alt: 395 Type: c
Sources: Miroslaw-Grabowska 2002
Layer: 5
Date: LP Gniew Interstadial (IS 5a), 70-80 KA BP, Micoquo-Prondnikian
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus
Det: Wiszniowska, Socha & Stefaniak

PO 40 Jaskinia IV (Mount Birow)

Type: c
Sources: Miroslaw-Grabowska et al. 2007
Date: LP UP
Fauna: Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix. Pyrrhocorax graculus + 28 spp.
Note: A. k. a. Schronisko Polnocne

PORTUGAL

PG 7 Grotte d'Escoural

Type: c
Sources: Deville 1996
Date: Holocene?
Layer: Es
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Alectoris rufa, Turdus sp.
Date: LP/Hol. Upper Paleolithic and Neolithic
Layer: E1
Fauna: Alectoris rufa, Turdus sp.
Date:Hol?
Layer: E3
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Alectoris rufa
Date: LP Middle Paleolithic
Layer: E3.PM
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Alectoris rufa, Passeriformes
Date: LP/Hol. Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic
Layer: E3.PS.M
Fauna: Alectoris rufa, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax sp.
Date: Hol?
Layer: E4
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Alectoris rufa, Passeriformes
Date: LP Middle Paleolithic
Layer: E4.PM
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Alectoris rufa, Columba palumbus, Turdus sp., Pyrrhocorax sp.
Date: LP Middle and Upper Paleolithic
Layer: E4.PM.PS
Fauna: Alectoris rufa, Columba palumbus, Turdus sp., Corvus corone/frugilegus
Date: LP/Hol? Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic(?)
Layer: E4.PS.M
Fauna: Anas platyrhynchos/Tadorna tadorna, Mergus merganser, Alectoris rufa, Columba palumbus,